光伏光热联合发电基地并网优化调度模型

太阳能能源基地建设正在从单一光伏发电向光伏光热等多种太阳能能源利用形式方向发展。借助光热电站的大容量储热装置和具备快速爬坡速率的汽轮机组,光伏光热联合发电基地的并网运行的可调度性和可控性大大提升。从光伏光热联合发电基地的运行机理出发,建立了基于改进粒子群算法的光伏光热两阶段优化调度模型,第一阶段以削减等效负荷峰谷差、改善负荷曲线为优化目标,第二阶段以发电总成本最小为优化目标。该模型满足光伏光热电站的主要运行约束和传统机组组合安全约束,适用于光伏光热联合发电基地并网调度运行。对10机系统的仿真表明,在完全接纳太阳能发电的前提下,光伏光热发电基地在削减等效峰谷差、提高新能源消纳和降低发电总煤耗效益显著,同时对于光热电站的灵敏度分析表明,在规划建设光热电站时可根据单位峰谷差削减量以及建设成本来选择合适的装机容量和储热装置容量。     

考虑均匀/非均匀锈蚀特征参数的钢筋力学与变形性能

开展了45个混凝土试件中135根加速锈蚀钢筋的单轴拉伸试验,分别建立了均匀/非均匀锈蚀特征参数与锈蚀钢筋的力学性能参数和变形性能参数之间的定量关系,进而提出了基于均匀/非均匀锈蚀特征参数的锈蚀钢筋应力应变关系模型。结果表明：锈蚀钢筋的力学和变形性能参数与锈蚀特征参数之间的相关性较大,随着质量锈蚀率、最大截面锈蚀率和最大锈蚀深度相对值的增加呈现线性减小趋势,而随着最小剩余截面积相对值和面积点蚀因子的增大呈现线性增大趋势;随着钢筋锈蚀程度的增加,锈蚀钢筋的屈服平台会出现明显退化现象,当质量锈蚀率、最大截面锈蚀率和最大锈蚀深度相对值分别大于20%、60%和40%左右或最小剩余截面积相对值和面积点蚀因子分别小于40%和60%左右时,屈服平台基本消失;轻度锈蚀钢筋可以利用均匀和非均匀锈蚀特征参数来描述应力应变关系曲线,而重度锈蚀钢筋采用非均匀锈蚀特征参数来描述应力应变关系曲线更合理。     

Examining the antecedents and consequences of mobile app engagement

Understanding how and why consumers engage with mobile apps is critical to the success of ubiquitous mobile marketing. This study proposed and tested a structural model to investigate the antecedents and consequences of mobile app engagement. Results show that time convenience, interactivity, and compatibility positively influenced mobile app engagement, in turn leading to strong relationship commitment and self-brand connections. Furthermore, informational and experiential mobile apps moderated the effects of time convenience, interactivity, and compatibility on mobile app engagement. Theoretical and practical implications for effective app engagement strategies are discussed.     

硬岩脆性指标与弹性应变能关系初探

为探讨硬岩脆性指标与弹性应变能之间的关系,采用侧向应变差法确定起裂应力,以岩石起裂应力和峰值强度为桥梁,基于断裂力学理论和能量理论解释了脆性指标与弹性应变能内在的联系,并从两种岩石单轴压缩试验中构建了脆性指标与弹性应变能之间的函数关系.结果表明:脆性指标B_(13)、B_(14)与起裂弹性应变能(单变量)符合幂函数关系,脆性指标B_(15)、B_(16)与起裂弹性应变能(单变量)符合幂函数或线性函数关系,脆性指标B_(13)、B_(14)、B_(15)和B_(16)与峰值弹性应变能(单变量)之间无明显函数关系;新定义的脆性指标可由起裂和峰值弹性应变能(双变量)获得,或由起裂弹性应变能(单变量)获得,脆性指标与峰值弹性应变能关系式的构建,对于研究岩爆倾向性具有重要意义;根据新定义的脆性指标,利用两种岩石算例验证表明,采用起裂弹性应变能的岩石脆性指标计算方法具有一定的可靠性.通过这一研究,为岩石脆性指标与起裂弹性应变能关系的确定提供了一种新方法.     

MODELING METHOD OF 4D INFORMATION MODEL FOR COOPERATIVE DESIGN OF MECHANICAL PRODUCTS

The continuous developing features in the design of mechanical product and based on 3D entity model is aimed at, and the extension of the 4-dimensional model with the process of designing, the knowledge described model on the level of semantic understanding and summarizing the designing process and the way of discovering knowledge from multi-information model are studied. On the basis of designing the broad sensed collaborative system, through discussion of the relationship between the implicit knowledge of the users and the designing knowledge as well as commanding all the designing links, taking advantage of the way of concluding and deducting in the concept of the designers, the synthetic knowledge unit formed in the dynamic process from the conception design to the last design is schemed out, and the knowledge discovered principle in the dynamic designing process of the mechanical products and the key technology in its implementation under the milieu of network is brought forward.     

山区河流水位流量关系曲线研究

受洪水涨落的水位流量关系呈现明显的绳套曲线,目前的研究大都基于平原河流,由于山区河流比降大、河床组成物质较粗,水流特性受到多方面因素的影响,故有些假设与实际河流情况不符,导致水位流量推求不太精确。因此本文考虑山区河流与平面河流的河床形态、泥沙粒径等方面的差异,引入了河道级别和泥沙粒径以区别山区河流与平原河流,结合简化后的圣维南方程组重新推导水位流量关系。通过山区河流和平原河流水文站的实测资料验证表明：该方法能较好地拟合相应河流横断面实测水位流量;在进行配线时,只需根据变化情况对参数做一些简单更正,具有实用性好、精度高以及适应性强等特点。     

Growth of diopside crystals in CMAS glass‐ceramics using Cr2O3 as a nucleating agent

CaO–Al₂O₃–MgO–SiO₂ (CAMS)‐based glass‐ceramics were prepared using body crystallization method. Adding Cr₂O₃ into the ceramics not only effectively lowered the crystallization temperature, but also led to significant grain refinement of diopside that crystallized in the CAMS glass‐ceramic after crystallization treatment at 900°C for 2 hours. Experimental work verified that the epitaxial growth of the diopside on the spinel particles, which formed during nucleation treatment when fabricating the glass‐ceramics, facilitated the heterogeneous nucleation of diopside on the spinel and refined the diopside. In addition, two energetically favored crystallographic orientation relationships between the epitaxial growth diopside and spinel were experimentally observed. They are //[001]_diopside,////(200)_diopside and //[101]_diopside, (311)_spinel//. These two novel results can be potentially used to develop new glass‐ceramic materials with improved performance.     

基于Web的中小企业客户关系管理系统规划与实现

我国中小企业与大型企业相比具有规模小,技术、资金、人才缺乏等特点,因此中小企业CRM必须具备傻瓜化的特点:功能尽可能简单、实用,实施周期一定要短,维护方便,价格便宜。本文根据以上要求提出了基于B/S(Browser/Server)模式的中小企业客户关系管理系统(ZXCRM),就CRM系统的业务架构,工作流程,实现的关键技术,系统平台的功能和体系结构等问题进行了深入研究,并给出了系统实现的应用实例。     

声场可视化系统中声像阵列空间关系标定研究

在声场可视化系统中,摄像机与传声器阵列的空间位置及角度的关系不准确将导致声源定位出现误差。而目前对于声场可视化系统中的声像阵列空间关系的研究较少,缺少对声像阵列空间关系的简单有效的标定方法。因此,提出了一种可计算任意位置与姿态的摄像机与传声器阵列之间空间关系的标定方法,可有效消除由传声器阵列与相机的空间关系不匹配导致的声源定位误差。通过对已知声源在多个空间位置的声源定位误差进行最小化处理,利用分步迭代计算的方法,分别计算出摄像机与传声器阵列的空间位置与角度,最终得到声像阵列之间真实的空间位置与角度关系。仿真与实际实验均表明本方法可对任意位置与姿态的摄像机与传声器阵列的空间关系进行准确标定,能有效提高声场可视化系统的声源定位精度。提出的声像阵列空间关系标定方法可应用于各种声场可视化系统中,对提高声场可视化系统的声源定位准确度有着积极的意义。     

计入初始应变项的平面梁单元非线性刚度矩阵

开展平面结构几何非线性分析时经常会遇到杆件含有初始应力力或初始应变的情况。由于非线性刚度矩阵中舍有节点位移，矩阵运算量大，给刚度矩阵的推导带来很大困难。根据平面梁单元几何非线性方程，采用计入初始应力和初始应变项的一般性线弹性应力应变关系，导出了相应的切线刚度矩阵，利用MATLAB数学工具箱，给出了含有初始应力和初始应变的所有刚度矩阵的显式表达式，为程序编制奠定了基础。