OCS表面活性剂中试产品应用于大庆原油的界面张力性能研究

研究了OCS表面活性剂中试产品在强碱NaOH条件下应用于大庆不同原油时的油-水界面张力特性。结果表明,对于大庆采油一厂至四厂的原油,OCS表面活性剂质量分数在0.1％～0.3％、NaOH质量分数在0.6％～1.2％的范围内,油-水界面张力可达到超低(约10~(-3)mN/m数量级),能够满足大庆油田复合驱用表面活性剂使油-水界面张力达到超低的要求。研究结果还表明,聚合物的加入有利于原油-表面活性剂体系间超低界面张力的形成。     

催化裂化大油气管线阻焦剂的研究与开发

介绍了阻焦剂的阻聚分散机理，测定了不同组分的阻焦剂对不同性质原料的阻焦效果，并考察了不同加入浓度对阻焦率以及催化裂化产品分布的影响。试验结果表明：加入50—100μg/g的阻焦剂，可使催化裂化大油气管线阻焦率达到53．7％—63．8％，同时对产品分布及产品性质无不良影响，具有技术经济可行性。     

In Search of the "Ideal" Pear (pyrus spp.): Results of a Multidisciplinary Exploration

Preference mapping with 10 pears identified 3 segments among New Zealand consumers. While 1 segment preferred ripe European cultivars, another rejected only the seedling with strong off‐flavors. A 3rd segment combined the 2 former segments, but also rejected 2 hybrid samples. Survey responses to the question “To me, the ideal pear is ?” from a 2nd consumer sample confirmed the general preference for juicy and sweet pears, the key characteristics of ripeness. A separate appearance evaluation revealed 4 segments based on color and shape. Combining information from several sources resulted in suggestions for new breeding directions for pears, while highlighting the importance of appearance and the need for more extensive measurements.     

Measuring the errors of form of industrial surfaces: prediction and optimization

To acquire maximum information on the geometrical errors of industrially made surfaces at a minimum cost, a method for estimating conditional probabilities of a random signal (Bayesian prediction) is applied to three-dimensional metrology. First, a surface is interpolated between data acquired on a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). Then, for a given probability, limit surfaces are computed that bind a region of space containing the known data and the most probable interpolation of the missing data of the surface. These bounds can be treated as the surface; their points can be considered as if they were actual CMM data when fitting a tolerance zone or a datum feature to the data. For Bayesian prediction, the basic hypotheses on the signal are stationarity, ergodicity, and gaussian density. Deviations from these hypotheses and their consequences on the prediction are taken into account and corrections are proposed.     

An object-oriented product database using ROSE

A product database for a design and manufacturing enterprise serves as a repository for the data needed to manufacture a product. This paper discusses how an object-oriented persistent object manager named ROSE, under development at Rensselaer, has been used in the Rensselaer CIM program to develop a STEP/PDES-compliant product database for its research test bed. In so doing, it provides an overview of the requirements for a product database system in an integrated design and manufacturing facility, and it discusses how the chosen system meets these requirements.     

用MS-EXCEL的规划求解模块优化油品调合

叙述了利用MS-EXCEL通用电子表格软件中的规划求解模块优化油品调合的方法,并以汽油调合为例,说明构造数学模型的方法,以及实施优化求解的具体过程。     

APPLICATION OF A COMMERCIAL ENZYME PREPARATION IN THE BARLEY MALTING PROCESS

This paper presents data on barley micromalting with addition of the CELLUCLAST enzyme complex. This is a commercial, multicarbohydrase with distinct β-glucanase and proteinase activities. The enzyme was added to steeping and germination phases, in different quantities (0.05%; 0.75% and 0.1% of initial barley). The enzyme was added to different malting phases: to the 2nd and 3rd steep water, at the beginning of germination on the 1st day by spraying, on the 2nd day of germination and in combination of addition to 3rd steeping water and in germination start (50% of total quantity of each). CELLUCLAST enzyme had a significant effect on reduction of wort viscosity, extract difference, wort filterability and protein breakdown, depending on the quantity of added enzyme and the malting phase to which it was added. There was no negative effect on other malt quality parameters. The best values of cytolytic breakdown parameters (viscosity, extract difference, filtration rate) were obtained with addition of 0.075% of CELLUCLAST, on the first day of germination.     

机油泵转子的研究

本文研究了有关机油泵转子的齿形曲线、测绘及型腔设计等几个问题     

Colour extension properties of individual pigments and effects on shades of foundations in cake form

The mechanism of colour change during the pigment dispersion process and during powder application to the skin surface was studied by examining the colour extension properties of Yellow. Red , and Black iron oxides in white powder bases. A new measure for the evaluation of the degree of colour extension was devised. This measure corresponded well with human visual sensation, and was found to be useful for comparing the rates of colour extension of pigments. The rate of colour extension of pigments was found to vary in the order: Yellow acicular Red granular Red Black. This result explains colour darkening and the change towards reddish tones during the pigment dispersion process, because Yellow extends fully in the early stage of the process but Red , especially in granular form, and Black continue to extend even in the later stage. Acicular Red iron oxide is more favourably employed than the granular form to attain sufficient colour extension of foundations with lower energy expenditure, and to decrease the discrepancy between the cake colour and the colour of applied powder.
Le développement des oxydes de fer et effet sur les nuances des fonds de teint compacts