多点测温与长线传输在分布式测温系统中的研究

针对分布式温度测量系统中多点温度测量问题,设计了长线传输电路.详细阐述了利用一个I/O端口连接多个传感器来编制公用程序的方法,以实现多个温度测量的方法,较好地解决了多个I/O口多点测温的设计问题;给出了单总线温度传感器多点测温硬件连接方法,解决了数字温度传感器在长线传输中温度的正确读取以及电路设计的关键问题.     

广播电视发射机控制软件特殊故障分析

广播电视发射机控制软件的应用提高了设备运行的监测质量,减轻了值班的劳动强度,系统集成的数据采集及数据整理功能增强了设备运行分析,工程技术人员可以根据统计数据准确判断设备运行以及故障情况。文章针对监控软件在运行过程中出现的特例故障现象提出了故障原因及解决方法。     

智能BIT概念与内涵探讨

进２０年来,机内测试（Ｂｕｉｌｔ－ｉｎ Ｔｅｓｔ,ＢＩＴ）技术从理论到应用取得了显著进展,已成为提高复杂系统测试性、维修性的有效途径,并大量应用于大型军用装备、航空航天系统当中。该文首先概要分析了ＢＩＴ 应用中出现的各种问题和智能ＢＩＴ概念的提出过程,在综合国内外相关研究的基础上,提出了智能ＢＩＴ的初步概念,并详细分析了智能ＢＩＴ的主要内涵和研究内容,最后讨论了智能 ＢＩＴ在 ＢＩＴ智能化设计、检测、诊断、决策 ４个方面的应用价值和潜力。     

TMN告警信息存储及预处理技术

对原始告警信息的完整存储以及预处理是本地电话网网络管理系统故障管理的核心功能。本文提出了一种基于有限状态机的告警信息预处理模型 ,并应用该模型对检测到的告警消息在时间和空间上进行相关处理。工程应用表明 ,该模型对故障的辨识、诊断和定位提供了强有力的支持。     

Learning based brain emotional intelligence as a new aspect for development of an alarm system

The multi criteria and purposeful prediction approach has been introduced and is implemented by the fast and efficient behavioral based brain emotional learning method. On the other side, the emotional learning from brain model has shown good performance and is characterized by high generalization property. New approach is developed to deal with low computational and memory resources and can be used with the largest available data sets. The scope of paper is to reveal the advantages of emotional learning interpretations of brain as a purposeful forecasting system designed to warning; and to make a fair comparison between the successful neural (MLP) and neurofuzzy (ANFIS) approaches in their best structures and according to prediction accuracy, generalization, and computational complexity. The auroral electrojet (AE) index are used as practical examples of chaotic time series and introduced method used to make predictions and warning of geomagnetic disturbances and geomagnetic storms based on AE index.     

A Chamber for Testing the Release of Volatile Substances Secreted by Animals,Especially Mammals,as Exemplified by Substances Released by Rats in Response to Stress

Abstract

The success of the testing of volatile organic compounds emitted by animals is dependent on the creation of appropriate conditions for air sampling subsequently used to assay and identify the compounds. These conditions play a particularly important role in the investigation of pheromones, which are secreted in extremely low concentrations. The authors have not come across any previous work which offers constructional solutions, which would allow avoidance of contamination of the air samples containing volatile substances secreted by animals.

A constructional solution was developed, which provides optimal conditions for their sampling and isolation. Its main advantages are as follows: the exposure chamber (the chamber in which the animal is studied) is filled with synthetic air; the exposure chamber is separated from the atmospheric air with a synthetic air “jacket”; the exposure chamber has been constructed using materials which do not release chemicals and absorb them in trace quantities.     

Human probability matching behaviour in response to alarms of varying reliability

The goals of this research were to substantiate the existence of the cry-wolf effect for alarm responses, quantifying its effect on operator performance. A total of 138 undergraduate students performed two blocks of a cognitively demanding psychomotor primary task; at the same time, they were presented with alarms of varying reliabilities (25, 50 and 75% true alarms) and urgencies (green, yellow and red visual alarms presented concurrently with low-, medium- and high-urgency auditory civilian aircraft cockpit alarms). Alarm response frequencies were observed and analysed, and /-tests and repeated-measures MANOVAs were used to assess the effects of increasing alarm reliability on alarm response frequencies, speed and accuracy. The results indicate that most subjects (about 90%) do not respond 10 all alarms but match their response rates to the expected probability of true alarms (probability matching). About 10% of the subjects responded in the extreme, utilizing an all-or-none strategy. Implications of these results for alarm design instruction and further research are discussed.     

Alarm-initiated activities: an analysis of alarm handlingby operators using text-based alarm systems in supervisory control systems

Alarms constitute a significant aspect of the operator-system interface in human supervisory control tasks: they have the potential to display information that is of critical importance to overall system safety and integrity. This paper considers the trend toward the use of visual display terminals for the presentation of alarms, specifically in the use of scrolling text displays. It is suggested that this form of information display may not best serve all aspects of alarm handling. To illustrate why this is so, an analysis of human alarm handling activities is presented. The focus on text-based displays and annunciators allows the authors to concentrate on a number of problems associated with the alarm design using a specific medium. From this discussion, the alarm initiated activities model is developed. By considering the activities that people engage in when dealing with alarms, an insight is offered into the information requirements that can be used to inform the design of alarm systems.     

Executive support systems in strategic environmental information processing

Abstract

There has been much research into the feasibility of speech in aircraft cockpits, but little in human supervisory control tasks. Speech displays can provide a number of benefits over conventional, visual displays, particularly as a means of providing alarm information. We discuss the term ‘alarm’, and suggest that different alarm situations will have different information requirements. Thus, a single type of alarm display may not be suitable for the complete range of situations encountered in the control room. We investigated the use of speech for different ‘alarm-initiated actions’: recording, urgency rating, location identification, and action specification. These tasks varied in terms of difficulty, and this affected performance. We also varied the quality of speech, comparing synthesized with human speech. While speech quality affected performance on the recording task, we found that task difficulty interacted with speech quality on the other tasks. This means that definable ‘trade-offs’ exist between the use of speech and the situation in which it is to be used.     

智能车载酒精检测及控制器设计

本文介绍了一种基于单片机低功耗酒精检测控制器,该控制器采用酒精传感器、压力传感器、语音报警、电子锁等与汽车组成车载酒精检测及安全控制系统。该系统可分为两部分：一个为检测部分,可手持,另一个为控制部分,安装于车内,从而实现智能车载酒精检测及安全控制。由于该系统具有高灵敏度和低功耗的功能,因此具有较高的实用价值。