Alteration of Connexin43 expression in a rat model of obesity-related glomerulopathy

It is accepted that alteration of connexin43 (Cx43) expression in glomeruli is a common pathological response in several forms of kidney diseases. To date, however the change of the Cx43 expression in obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) has not been reported. In this study, the alteration of Cx43 expression in the glomeruli of rat with ORG was defined. Five-week-old rats were fed with high-fat diet for 18 weeks to establish the ORG model, then the histological change of glomeruli, the foot process effacement of podocyte, the markers for podocyte injury (nephrin,podocin and WT1) and Cx43 expression in glomeruli were examined respectively. The results demonstrated metabolic disorder, hyperinsulinemia, systemic inflammation and microalbuminuria in ORG rats. There was significant hypertrophy, glomerular expansion and inflammatory cell infiltration in the kidney of ORG rats compared to the control group. Significant foot process effacement of the podocyte in the glomeruli, nephrin loss and density reduction were shown in the ORG rats, and Cx43 expression was significant upregulated in glomeruli of ORG rats compared to the control group. The results indicate the correlation of overexpressed Cx43 with the obesity related renal inflammation and suggest that Cx43 might be a potential target in the development of obesity related glomerulopathy.     

Hepatic microvascular dysfunction in endotoxemic rats after acute ethanol administration

BACKGROUND: A high concentration of ethanol is reported to cause hepatic microvascular dysfunction. However, little is known about the effect of ethanol on hepatic microcirculation in endotoxemic animals. The objective of this study was to determine whether endotoxemia enhances the hepatic microvascular dysfunction induced by acute ethanol administration. METHODS: Intravital videomicroscopy was used to monitor leukocyte recruitment, number of nonperfused sinusoids, and flow velocity of erythrocytes (RBC) labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) in the livers of male Wistar rats that were administered ethanol (20%, 3 g/kg; or 40%, 6 g/kg) from a gastric tube. Flow velocity of RBC in sinusoids was measured with an off-line velocimeter. Plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels were also measured. In some experiments, rats were injected with 2 mg/kg of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) intraperitoneally at 16 hr before the experiments, and the same protocol was performed. RESULTS: Although FITC-RBC velocity was initially increased by both 20% and 40% ethanol in control rats, it was reduced by only 40% ethanol at 60 min. In LPS-treated rats, the FITC-RBC velocity also was increased initially but was reduced at 60 and 30 min by 20% and 40% ethanol, respectively. Only 40% ethanol caused leukostasis in the pericentral region of control rats. In LPS-treated rats, however, leukostasis was noted in the midzonal and pericentral regions of liver after both 20% and 40% ethanol administration. Ethanol increased plasma TNF-alpha levels only in LPS-treated rats. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that LPS synergistically enhances ethanol-induced hepatic microvascular dysfunction and liver injury, especially in the midzonal region via coagulation, which may be mediated by TNF-alpha.     

颅内大脑中动脉动脉瘤的介入栓塞治疗分析

目的探讨颅内大脑中动脉动脉瘤的介入栓塞治疗效果。方法将80例颅内大脑中脑动脉动脉瘤患者随机分为两组,分别采用显微镜下颅内动脉瘤夹闭术与血管内介入栓塞术治疗。比较两组格拉斯哥预后（GOS）评分、Hunt-Hess分级及住院时间、术后并发症发生情况。结果两组术后Hunt-Hess分级比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。观察组术后GOS评分高于对照组（P〈0.05）,住院时间短于对照组（P〈0.01）。观察组患者出血破入脑室的比例为10.00%,低于对照组的32.50%（P〈0.05）。结论血管内介入栓塞的手术效果优于颅内动脉瘤夹闭术。     

迈瑞BC-5800全自动血液分析仪的白细胞分类与手工镜检的相关性研究

目的对迈瑞BC-5800全自动血液分析仪进行系统评价及与手工镜检分类的相关性进行研究。方法分析比较迈瑞BC-5800全自动血液分析仪白细胞分类测定与镜检分类结果的相关性[1],从而对BC-5800的白细胞分类的性能进行评估。结果 BC-5800全自动血液分析仪测定白细胞计数、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞,嗜碱性粒细胞的CV值分别是2.5%、1.91%、2.68%、8.47%、9.23%、16.25%与Sysmex SF-5000比对,相关系数分别是0.972、0.940、0.651、0.819、0.267与人工镜检比对时,相关系数分别是0.981、0.979、0.813、0.801、0.614。结论 BC-5800各方面性能良好,白细胞分类测定的自动化程度高,对大批量全血标本的白细胞计数分类能有效发挥仪器的过筛作用,是一款适合血常规快速检测的全自动血液分析仪。     

软性一体式 PHEMA人工角膜植入碱烧伤兔角膜的电镜观察

目的：研究与评估新型软性一体式PHEMA人工角膜与碱烧伤兔角膜生物愈合的电镜特点。方法制备兔角膜碱烧伤模型后,将软性一体式PHEMA人工角膜植入,分别于4周、8周、16周和24周后取裙边组织进行扫描电镜和透射电镜检查。结果4周时,即有新生组织长入孔隙之中,材料与角膜组织结合紧密;迁徙入材料内的角膜细胞胞浆富含粗面内质网等细胞器,显示旺盛的合成功能;其周围有胶原、蛋白多糖等细胞外基质的沉积,并且显示出从新生到成熟的动态变化。结论新型人工角膜的孔隙支架材料,能够允许角膜细胞及周围组织迁徙、增殖并分泌沉积细胞外基质,从而达到材料与组织的生物愈合。     

血液病感染者细菌L型分离,电镜观察及其意义

目的：探讨血液肿瘤及再障感染病人的细菌Ｌ型，鉴定细菌种类有药敏试验，指导临床治疗。方法：采用细菌型及细菌Ｌ型培养基培养，细菌Ｌ型鉴定采用普通光学显微镜及电镜观察，并进行细菌型的传代返祖。结果：血液病人细菌Ｌ型感染率显著高于细菌型及对照组，而急性白血病组又显著高于其他血液病组。抗生素应用种类越多，细菌Ｌ型感染率高，结论：研究血液病的细菌型感染及指导临床治疗及判断预后有重要意义 。     

显微镜下泪小管断裂吻合术的疗效观察

目的:探讨外伤性泪小管断裂吻合的有效方法。方法:63例均为外伤引起的下泪小管断裂。利用手术显微镜在粘弹剂与美兰混合液帮助下均一次性吻合成功,术后随访6mo～2a。结果:远期治愈47例,好转9例,不成功3例,未回访者4例,主要并发症为睑外翻,瘢痕增生导致失败。结论:显微镜下行泪小管断裂修复有效可行,远期疗效好。     

Naked eye free tissue transfers

Over the past ten years, neither the operating microscope nor magnifying glasses have been used routinely for elective microsurgery. The whole operation is performed with the naked eye, vascular anastomoses included. From January of 1992 to December of 1993, 37 free tissue transfers have been performed on 36 patients. An operating microscope was used in only 6 cases (5 free flaps, and 1 emergency exploration for thrombosis). In the other 37 cases (33 free flaps, and 5 emergency explorations for thrombosis), the anastomoses were performed with the naked eye. In a total number of 103 vascular anastomoses, the microscope was used in 14 cases, and the naked eye in 89 cases. The only failure of our series was performed in the classical way, in addition to the emergency exploration and its salvage by a second free flap. There were no failures in the naked eye cases. In the 5 other cases, emergency exploration allowed salvage of the flap. No technical error in the vascular anastomoses occurred in any of those cases.The authors conclude that elective free-tissue transfer in plastic surgery is routinely possible, safe and reliable, without the microscope or magnifying glasses, provided that vessels of the flap and recipient vessels be chosen with sufficient diameter. In practice, this situation was encountered in more than 85 percent of the cases.     

Acoustic microscopy of mammalian kidney

Acoustic micrographs of unstained specimens of mouse kidney were produced at frequencies of 100 MHz and 220 MHz with resolutions of 20μ m and 9μm, respectively. The acoustically revealed structure has been examined in relation to established microanatomy. High contrast details corresponding to connective tissue boundaries of supporting elements of the nephron are exhibited. In addition, various regions of the kidney such as the cortex and the three medullary regions can be differentiated. At these frequencies, the acoustically exhibited structures are considered to result from scattering at connective tissue interfaces, resulting from local acoustic impedance discontinuities, rather than from intrinsic acoustic absorption within the microstructures of the tissue.     

The fine structure of phosphotungstic acid stained neuropathologic tissue

Summary The ethanolic phosphotungstic acid technique of Bloom and Aghajanian has been applied to formalin-fixed neuropathological specimens. The staining reactions of various normal organelles were studied as well as a number of pathological alterations including Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles, eosinophilic rod-like structures, corpora amylacea, lamellar bodies and honeycomb-like structures in the axoplasm.