在静脉药物配制中心实施弹性排班的实践与体会

目的针对静脉药物配制中心工作性质以及工作流程的特殊性，对排班方法进行改革。方法根据不同时间段输液量的不同，在固定排班的基础上，实行按需工作制，合理利用和分配人力资源。结果有效解决了护士以往无法实行的公休假，保证了静脉药物配制中心的高效运转，满足了临床治疗的需要。结论科学、合理排班能最大限度地调动和利用人力资源。     

A Conceptual Model for Nursing Information.

PURPOSE: This Conceptual Model for Nursing Information describes the core activities of nursing, the collection of information about these activities, and argues that these activities must be described using standardized nursing languages. DATA SOURCES: Relevant literature, both national and international, was reviewed and summarized. DATA SYNTHESIS: A maximum data set for nursing was developed. CONCLUSIONS: In the United Kingdom, a new and radical approach to the process of nursing is required; one that demonstrates that nursing is the decision-making that takes place in all core activities of nursing. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Unless nurses have a clear view of what the profession requires from technological solutions for the recording of nursing activities, less than optimal solutions will be forced upon the profession.     

略论网络环境下护理人员的信息素质

提出了网络时代护理人员信息素质的内涵、信息意识的层次，信息素质的必要性。以及提高信息素质的途径：读书、参加相关培训、网上学习。     

Information to cancer patients: a questionnaire survey in three different geographical areas in Italy

GOALS OF WORK: The way to inform cancer patients varies widely among different countries. In most Mediterranean countries, the traditional approach has been of partial disclosure of the truth. The intent of our work was to find if the attitude in Italy has changed in recent years and if differences still exist among different geographical regions in our country. Both patients' and physicians' attitudes vary in Italy depending on geographical area. In the South, the focus is on traditional values and full involvement of patients' family, with limited communication to (and limited autonomy of) the patient. Such attitude is less pronounced in Central Italy, whereas the North is more oriented to open communication and full decisional autonomy of the patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Approximately 600 consecutive patients in three different centres in Northern, Central and Southern Italy (respectively, Udine, Ancona and Catanzaro) were asked to answer a 26-item questionnaire on communication aspects to investigate the quality of the information given and potential differences between geographical areas. RESULTS: Questionnaires were completed by 587 patients (median age 60 years, 57% women), mainly with gastrointestinal (32%) or breast cancer (30%). About 370 patients (63%) had active disease at time of interview. A high proportion of patients were correctly informed on diagnosis (86%) and therapy (84%). On the contrary, patients fully aware of their prognosis were only about 43%. Nevertheless, most patients (60%) stated they were completely satisfied with the information received. There were differences between geographical areas on various information aspects, with patients from Southern Italy being, in general, less informed. CONCLUSIONS: In Italy, the cultural attitude towards communication in oncology is changing on both the physician and the patient side. There are still significant geographical differences, but there is a general trend suggesting improved awareness about diagnosis and treatment, with the notable exception of prognosis.     

《经络腧穴学》教材的临床教学体会及编写改进建议

《经络腧穴学》是中医、针灸、推拿等专业教学内容的基础组成部分,是学习针刺、艾灸、拔罐、推拿等治疗方法的前期课程,亦是临床教学中的重点。临床教学中需要结合教材,反复教授、巩固《经络腧穴学》中的相关知识点。本文结合使用不同版本的《经络腧穴学》教材进行教学的工作实际,从编写方式、内容、图示、学生反馈等方面,介绍在临床带教中使用该教材的心得体会。针对出版频次、插图绘制、排版、拼音标注及部分知识点细节等问题,提出了一些改进建议。为进一步完善《经络腧穴学》教材的编写和推进中医药高等教育课程建设提供参考。     

黑龙江省平原地区重点野生药用植物分析及易混品种辨析

目的 基于第四次全国中药资源普查,系统整理分析黑龙江省平原地区中药资源普查数据,明确黑龙江省平原地区重点野生药用植物种类、分布和生态环境,对其中易混品种进行辨析。方法 利用中药资源普查信息管理系统,对黑龙江省平原地区药用植物数据进行分析,梳理和总结重点野生药用植物资源的种类、生态环境及分布情况,从外观形态方面对易混淆的药用植物进行辨析。结果 黑龙江省平原地区重点野生药用植物资源共61种,分布在29科57属,主要分布于哈尔滨、齐齐哈尔、大庆、绥化等地。结论 黑龙江省平原地区野生药用植物资源种类丰富,重点野生药用植物分布较为集中,为黑龙江省大力发展中药产业奠定了坚实基础。     

护理质量管理信息化的研究及效果

目的 探讨研究护理质量信息化管理的模式.方法按现代医院护理管理要求,针对护理人力资源管理、物资管理、护理人员技术档案管理、护理质量管理等4个方面提出管理设计方案,由计算机专家编制软件,在医院HIS系统上运行.结果加快了各类信息的传递,提高了工作效率,降低了护理风险和院内感染的风险.结论护理质量管理信息化提高了护理管理者的管理水平和工作效率.减少由组织管理上的漏洞而引起的责任风险,从而降低护理风险.提高管理效率,降低管理成本.     

A review on current status of antiviral siRNA

Viral diseases like influenza, AIDS, hepatitis, and Ebola cause severe epidemics worldwide. Along with their resistant strains, new pathogenic viruses continue to be discovered so creating an ongoing need for new antiviral treatments. RNA interference is a cellular gene‐silencing phenomenon in which sequence‐specific degradation of target mRNA is achieved by means of complementary short interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules. Short interfering RNA technology affords a potential tractable strategy to combat viral pathogenesis because siRNAs are specific, easy to design, and can be directed against multiple strains of a virus by targeting their conserved gene regions. In this review, we briefly summarize the current status of siRNA therapy for representative examples from different virus families. In addition, other aspects like their design, delivery, medical significance, bioinformatics resources, and limitations are also discussed.     

医学教育改革与加快农村卫生人才培养

我国农村卫技人员的数量、专业教育程度、业务素质远远不能满足广大农村居民不断发展的健康需求,需要针对农村的实际情况,改进医学教育的结构、层次、布局、专业结构和教育模式。