取向硅钢晶粒取向的不均匀分布及其检测

利用X射线衍射和背散射电子衍射检测了取向硅钢板表层和中心部位的宏观织构和微观晶粒取向分布,观察了相应的晶粒组织。结果表明,二次再结晶不彻底的成品钢板的表面会残留非{110}<001>取向的小晶粒,并影响钢板的软磁性能。取向硅钢板表层的晶粒取向分布能够在一定程度上反映出钢板的质量,因此可以借助X射线表面无损检测技术发展取向硅钢织构的工业在线检测技术。     

定向凝固水平连铸多晶铜的动态本构方程

以带有同步组装技术的分离式Hopkinson压杆装置作为热模拟装置，采用基于MTS（Mechanical Threshold Stress）模型建立的FCC晶体结构的动态本构方程，确定了定向凝固水平连铸多晶铜动态本构方程参数，研究了其动态冲击特性，获得高温段（685K-1085K）的理论应力-应变曲线与实验曲线相当吻合，而在低温段（低于685K）的理论曲线与实验曲线出入较大。结果也表明定向凝固水平连铸多晶铜在485K和685K之间有一温度能使其回复能达到阀值。     

水平电磁连铸空心铜管坯组织和性能研究

提出在中试水平的空心铜管坯水平连铸过程中施加工频电磁场,分析其对铜管坯组织和性能的影响.结果表明：与未施加电磁场时相比,施加电流强度为140A的工频电磁场后,水平连铸空心铜管坯的组织显著细化,平均晶粒度由未施加磁场时的3.1提高到8.3,周向组织均匀性也得到明显改善;抗拉强度提高40%左右,延伸率提高50%左右.     

卧式离心铸造汽缸套"黑斑"形成机理及预防措施

卧式离心铸造合金铸铁汽缸套"黑斑"是一种由合金成分和生产工艺等因素而造成的"夹层"石墨漂浮、比重偏析的综合缺陷.主要预防措施是强化冷却和将锰含量提高到2%.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF ALTERNATIVE HORIZONTAL LEVITATION ELECTROMAGNETIC CONTINUOUS CASTING（Ⅱ）

ＮＵＭＥＲＩＣＡＬＳＩＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＡＬＴＥＲＮＡＴＩＶＥＨＯＲＩＺＯＮＴＡＬＬＥＶＩＴＡＴＩＯＮＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＭＡＧＮＥＴＩＣＣＯＮＴＩＮＵＯＵＳＣＡＳＴＩＮＧ（Ⅱ）￥ＺｈｕＳｈｏｕｊｕｎ；ＲｅｎＺｈｏｎｇｍｉｎｇ；ＤｅｎｇＫａｎｇ；Ｊｉａｎ...     

周期性加热Poiseuille-Rayleigh-Benard流动中局部行波的研究

该文通过二维流体力学基本方程组的数值模拟,研究了水平来流和周期性加热对腔体内流体的运动和动力学特性的影响。当相对瑞利数r(28)9时,随着水平来流雷诺数Re逐渐增加,腔体内的流体发生三种不同的运动,即局部对流运动、局部行波运动和水平流运动。对局部行波运动的周期pT进行研究,局部行波运动的稳定周期随水平来流雷诺数的增大而减小,随相对瑞利数的减小而减小;相对瑞利数越小,稳定周期随水平来流雷诺数变化的增长率越大。局部行波运动的区间(35)Re依赖水平来流雷诺数的强度,当水平来流雷诺数Re大于(35)Re的上限时流体为水平流运动,而当水平来流雷诺数Re小于(35)Re的下限时流体为局部对流运动;对于不同的相对瑞利数r,局部行波运动的区间(35)Re是不同的。随着水平来流雷诺数增大,发现腔体内上游行波区域对流圈的减少速度比下游行波区域更快。     

Horizontal wells and steam-assisted gravity drainage

Petroleum can be produced more efficiently using horizontal wells instead of conventional wells. For a typical 16 hectare well spacing, the pressure drawdown is as small as one-fiftieth of that for conventional wells. In some cases, where coning is a problem in conventional production, horizontal wells allow operation with much less coproduction of the displacing fluid. In the thermal recovery of bitumen and heavy oils, the Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage process with horizontal production wells allows the systematic sweeping of the reservoir with economic production rates and without steam bypass. This paper described and reviews the application of horizontal wells to the production of heavy crude oils and bitumen by both non-thermal and thermal methods.     

MOBILIZATION OF SLUDGE IN HORIZONTAL CYLINDRICAL TANKS WITH SUBMERGED NOZZLES

Over 378,000 m³ (100 million gal) of radioactive waste is being stored in hundreds of tanks at several U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) sites. The environment within the tanks is highly radioactive and chemically harsh. The waste typically consists of a heterogeneous sludge layer covered by a layer of supernatant. A few of the tanks have leaked to the environment, while others are corroding. Removing the waste from the tanks and processing it to a stable final form are desired to prevent any additional contamination of the environment. The tanks vary in size and geometric shape and do not have systems for removing the sludge waste.

Mobilization and mixing studies were conducted with a surrogate sludge (e.g., kaolin clay) using submerged jets in two sizes of horizontal tanks with nominal capacities of 0.87 m³ (230 gal) and 95 m³ (25,000 gal). Mobilization efficiencies and mixing times were determined for single and bidirectional jets in both tanks with the discharge nozzles positioned at various locations in the tanks. Approximately 80% of the surrogate sludge was mobilized in the 95-m³ tank using a fixed bidirectional jet (inside diameter = 0.035 m) and a jet velocity of 6.4m/s (21 ft/s). The effective cleaning length, which is defined as the distance between the jet and the edge of the remaining sludge bank, was approximately 3.2 m (10 ft) on each side of the bidirectional jet.     

水平带式真空过滤机的选择与应用

本文介绍了水平带式真空过滤机的特点和选用，特别讨论了往复盘水平带式真空过滤机的工作原理及主要特点，提出了应用实例及其发展方向。     

Free convection heat transfer over a horizontal plate at low prandtl number

Boundary layer equations for free convection heat transfer along a semi-infinite horizontal plate are derived by giving more importance to the energy equation. The equations are obtained for low Prandtl number and two separate polynomials are used to approximate the temperature and velocity profiles in these regions. The rate of heat transfer is compared with the available analytical and numerical results based on conventional boundary layer equations.