Design and implementation of an adaptable software environment

In any major software project, a large volume of project-related information must be maintained and manipulated throughout the software life-cycle. Often this information is scattered, in different media ranging from scraps of papers to program listings, poorly cross-referenced, and inaccessible. TRIAD, an adaptable, integrated software development environment, has been designed to integrate and manage all this information in an organized and structured manner.

The TRIAD tool-box environment supports different methodologies to guide the users during development and maintenance of project related information. The environment can be customized by selecting a set of forms which enforce a particular methodology. These forms help develop, integrate, and maintain project information. Forms for a methodology can be tuned to reflect a project-team's experience. When customized by the tuned methodology, TRIAD can provide better project oriented support.

TRIAD uses grammar forms as its organizational model. This paper will discuss the advantages of using grammar forms in the modeling and implementation of an adaptable software information editor, within the TRIAD tool-box environment.     

C语言switch语句的一种文法改写方法

为了使C语言中的switch语句被计算机理解,首先要对其建立文法并对其进行文法改写。针对switch语句,提出一种文法改写方法。该方法采用自底向上的语法制导翻译方法,根据switch语句代码结构的特点,利用拆分法,使得改写前后的文法完全等价,只要给出语义动作,就能实现switch语句的翻译。这种方法不会对原文法的语法分析带来影响,而且使得分析程序在栈中存取语义信息更方便。     

Excel与数据库间基于语法规则的数据交换技术

针对目前Excel与数据库间的数据交换方法通用性不够的问题,对Excel表单中各逻辑子表的关联关系,以及Excel、应用程序、数据库表三者之间的关系进行了分析,提出了基于语法规则的通用数据交换方法。通过设计一套用于数据交换的语法规则,然后建立解释器解释该规则,便可完成他们间的双向数据沟通。应用证明,该方法具有很好的通用性。     

Grammar engineering for multiple front-ends for Python

In this paper, we describe our experience in grammar engineering to construct multiple parsers and front ends for the Python language. We present a metrics-based study of the evolution of the Python grammars through the multiple versions of the language in an effort to distinguish and measure grammar evolution and to provide a basis of comparison with related research in grammar engineering. To conduct this research, we have built a toolkit, pygrat , which builds on tools developed in other research. We use pygrat to build a system that automates much of the process needed to translate the Python grammars from EBNF to a formalism acceptable to the bison parser generator. We exploit the suite of Python test cases, used by the Python developers, to validate our parser generation. Finally, we describe our use of the menhir parser generator to facilitate the parser and front-end construction, eliminating some of the transformations and providing practical support for grammar modularisation.     

形状文法在传统纹样演化设计中的应用研究

目的提出一种适用于传统纹样的演化设计方法,使设计对象更好地继承优秀特质并满足时代的审美需求。方法通过分析传统纹样的典型特征,提取核心图元作为初始形状,结合流行元素,利用形状文法生成新的纹样设计方案。结论基于形状文法的传统纹样再设计创新方法,既保证了新纹样的创新性,又保留了传统纹样的代表性特征,为现代纺织业以传统文化为设计创新源泉进行转型升级提供了一种可能的方向,并通过某款新疆和田手工编织毯的纹样设计验证了可行性。     

基于立春节气的文创产品设计方法

目的提取立春节气文化中蕴含的特色设计因子,丰富节气文创产品种类,满足用户多样化需求,保持和发展文化特色。方法采用文献阅读和综述等方法收集立春节气资料,通过问卷调研的形式发现有效信息;创建基于立春节气设计因子的提取模型,使用思维导图筛选显著特征;针对立春节气文创产品设计,从隐性因子和显性因子出发,对立春节气的设计因子进行可视化处理;将生成的立春节气纹样根据形状文法的不同推演规则,推演出更多立春节气新纹样和新图形。结论立春节气丝巾的纹饰创新设计验证了该提取模型的可行性和合理性,拓宽了文创产品的设计思路,提高了设计对象的文化内涵,促进了传统文化的传承和发展。     

一种基于属性文法的C 静态语义描述

主要讨论了利用属性文法对Ｃ＋＋中在类的定义、对象说明、成员函数、继承与派生等方面涉及的全局及局部静态性质进行形式化描述的方法。     

句法分析中基于词汇化树邻接语法的数据增强方法

句法分析是自然语言处理的基础技术,主流的由数据驱动的神经网络句法分析模型需要大规模的标注数据,但是通过人工标注扩展树库成本很高,因此如何利用现有标注树库进行数据增强成为研究焦点。在汉语句法分析的数据增强任务中,对于给定的标注树库,要求数据增强所生成的句子满足如下条件: 第一,要求生成句具有多样化且完整的句法树结构;第二,要求生成句具有合理的语义。对此,我们首次提出基于词汇化树邻接语法的数据增强方法。针对第一个需求,该文设计实现基于词汇化树邻接语法的词汇化树抽取算法与句法树合成算法,基于该语法可以在句法树之间进行“接插”和“替换”的操作,从而推导生成新的句法树,并且用语言学的知识保证生成句符合语法规则且具有完整的句法树结构。针对第二个需求,该文利用语言模型对生成句进行语义合理性评估,选取语义合理的句子作为最终的增强数据,从而获取高质量的标注树库。我们以汉语为例开展研究,在汉语树库CTB5上进行句法分析的数据增强评测实验。实验结果显示,在小样本(CTB5的20%)实验中,通过该方法得到的增强数据使依存句法分析和成分句法分析的精度分别提高1.39%和2.14%。在鲁棒性实验中,该文通过构建扩展测试集进行评测实验,在扩展测试集上,通过该方法得到的增强数据使依存句法分析和成分句法分析的精度分别提高1.43%和0.44%,表现出更好的鲁棒性。     

基于神经风格迁移网络的民族图案创新方法

针对传统民族图案符号手工提取效率低,图案组合创新设计困难的问题,以苗族 传统的蜡染和挑花图案创新设计为例提出传统民族图案风格创新模型。该模型将改进型的形状 文法与基于深度学习的神经风格迁移网络相结合,提取并编码民族图案构型框架,通过形状文 法生成大量民族图案构型框架图案,使用风格迁移网络快速提取民族图案中的底层特征,在框 架基础上迁移生成创新民族图案设计方案。实验结果表明,该模型可以在指定框架的基础上生 成全新的民族纹饰图案,相对于直接使用神经网络对空白图像进行风格迁移生成的图案更加有 序。生成图案最终应用于苗族织物图案设计中,验证了该方法和设计流程的可行性。     

A Bi‐Directional Procedural Model for Architectural Design

It is a challenge for shape grammars to incorporate spatial hierarchy and interior connectivity of buildings in early design stages. To resolve this difficulty, we developed a bi‐directional procedural model: the forward process constructs the derivation tree with production rules, while the backward process realizes the tree with shapes in a stepwise manner (from leaves to the root). Each inverse‐derivation step involves essential geometric‐topological reasoning. With this bi‐directional framework, design constraints and objectives are encoded in the grammar‐shape translation. We conducted two applications. The first employs geometric primitives as terminals and the other uses previous designs as terminals. Both approaches lead to consistent interior connectivity and a rich spatial hierarchy. The results imply that bespoke geometric‐topological processing helps shape grammar to create plausible, novel compositions. Our model is more productive than hand‐coded shape grammars, while it is less computation‐intensive than evolutionary treatment of shape grammars.