飞行目标红外多光谱高效识别算法

随着新型诱饵的快速发展,在日益复杂的目标环境中探测识别真假目标是红外探测识别系统最难解决的技术问题之一.通过分析天空背景下红外小目标,干扰物,噪音及背景的光谱特性,利用人造飞行目标光谱辐射强度高且相邻波段光谱辐射强度连续性特点,提出了一种以多光谱辐射强度和梯度相组合的目标识别高效算法.就此给出了相应的仿真算例,验证了算法在获取的红外图像信噪比很低,背景高亮度,多个诱饵干扰的条件下也能准确识别目标,具有更强的自适应性,更高的识别率和更为快捷的处理能力.     

基于双层预测机制的传感器网络目标跟踪算法

针对层次型传感器网络的目标跟踪问题,提出了一种基于双层预测机制的目标跟踪算法,由传感器节点执行Bayes估计算法进行目标位置的预测与更新(微观预测);由簇头进行基于曲线运动方程的目标位置预测(宏观预测),并用预测结果对传感器节点所得到的目标位置进行更新,提高了目标位置计算精度.仿真结果表明,算法具有较好的跟踪精度和能量效率.     

Sensor management for tracking smart targets

We consider the problem of tracking a “smart” target. That is, a target that is aware it is being tracked and modifies its behaviour accordingly. To track such targets effectively it is necessary to modify the behaviour of the tracking sensor in response to the target. We consider that the best framework for such a problem is that of a mathematical game. In this paper, we consider an idealised version of this problem that illustrates some of the issues that can occur when attempting to track a smart target and the utility of a game theoretic framework.     

Estimation of distributions involving unobservable events: the case of optimal search with unknown Target Distributions

We consider the problem of estimating the parameters of a distribution when the underlying events are themselves unobservable. The aim of the exercise is to perform a task (for example, search a web-site or query a distributed database) based on a distribution involving the state of nature, except that we are not allowed to observe the various “states of nature” involved in this phenomenon. In particular, we concentrate on the task of searching for an object in a set of N locations (or bins) {C ₁, C ₂,…, C _N }, in which the probability of the object being in the location C _i is p _i , where P = [p ₁, p ₂,…, p _N ] ^T is called the Target Distribution. Also, the probability of locating the object in the bin within a specified time, given that it is in the bin, is given by a function called the Detection function, which, in its most common instantiation, is typically, specified by an exponential function. The intention is to allocate the available resources so as to maximize the probability of locating the object. The handicap, however, is that the time allowed is limited, and thus the fact that the object is not located in bin C _i within a specified time does not necessarily imply that the object is not in C _i . This problem has applications in searching large databases, distributed databases, and the world-wide web, where the location of the files sought for are unknown, and in developing various military and strategic policies. All of the research done in this area has assumed the knowledge of the {p _i }. In this paper we consider the problem of obtaining error bounds, estimating the Target Distribution, and allocating the search times when the {p _i } are unknown. To the best of our knowledge, these results are of a pioneering sort - they are the first available results in this area, and are particularly interesting because, as mentioned earlier, the events concerning the Target Distribution, in themselves, are unobservable.

Characterisation of flucloxacillin and 5-hydroxymethyl flucloxacillin haptenated HSA in vitro and in vivo

Flucloxacillin is a synthetic penicillin used in the treatment of Staphylococcal infections. Adverse reactions to the drug are believed to arise through covalent modification of proteins, with tissue damage occurring secondary to an immune reaction. Serum proteins have been shown by adduct-specific antibodies to be modified by flucloxacillin, but the nature and sites of modification have not been characterised. Here, in vitro studies on HSA have shown by MS that the modification of protein lysine residues occurs in a dose-, time- and site-dependent manner. Affinity, cation exchange and reversed phase chromatography prior to MS revealed in vivo modification of HSA with flucloxacillin in tolerant patients, with up to nine modified lysine residues being detected in each patient, and with modification of Lys190 and Lys212 being detected in 8/8 patients. It was also revealed for the first time that plasma proteins could be modified with the 5-hydroxymethyl metabolite of flucloxacillin, and that essentially the same Lys residues were targeted by both the parent drug and its metabolite. This study provides a detailed characterisation of sites of chemical modification of an endogenous target and reveals candidate peptides for T-cell and antibody assays of flucloxacillin hypersensitivity.     

一种基于PC平台的声纳目标模拟系统设计

声纳目标模拟器的使用可有效缩短声纳的研制周期,其任务是实时仿真声纳系统的阵元信号,要求能够仿真不同海洋情况下,多种阵型的水听器基阵接收到的运动目标发出或发射的相应信号。为了完善系统功能,同时有效满足实时性要求、简化硬件设计规模,根据对现有的声纳目标模拟器进行详细了分析,结合PC平台提出一种系统实现方案。方案以通用计算机为平台,仿真产生实际水听器阵列信号,通过PCI总线经FIFO缓存完成数据的实时连续传输,由可编程逻辑器件(CPLD)实现数据的格式化及编码调制。     

心理声学参数提取及其在目标识别中的应用

根据人耳听觉特性,研究了心理声学中人耳识别目标的重要特征参数在目标识别中的应用.针对无线电噪声和舰船辐射噪声,利用Zwicker理论提取心理声学参数中的特性响度和特性尖锐度作为识别特征,通过神经网络分类器分别对这两组噪声各三类进行分类识别研究.实验表明特性响度和特性尖锐度主要反映了目标的振幅特性,可以正确识别目标并具有较高的识别率.是有效的识别特征.由于特性响度和特性尖锐度反映目标的特性相同,利用遗传算法仅对特性响度特征进行优化选择.挑选出特性响度中的分类关键量,降低识别空间的维数,提高识别率.     

多属性目标决策的分类融合威胁排序的模型

协同空战中,目标威胁等级的判定为武器资源的有效配置提供了重要依据,是现代作战指挥决策系统的核心内容.目前该问题的难点在于,如何解决多属性目标量化属性和非量化属性的混合比较问题.运用目标多属性理论探索对空中目标的威胁排序问题,提出了一种基于被保护对象相互关系鼍化的空中目标威胁评估和排序的方法,方法对威胁冈素进行了详细分类,并分析了它们之间的关系,在此基础上融入了我方目标任务属性的比较关系,同时对一些模糊属性进行了量化处理.最后通过示例介绍了威胁评估和排序的求解过程.该方法有效地解决了目标威胁评估与排序问题,是可行和有效的.     

独立分量分析在高光谱图像舰船检测中的应用

根据海七舰船目标的特点,提出了一种基于独立分量分析的目标检测算法,应用于高光谱图像海上舰船检测.首先采用基于峰度的快速独立分量分析方法(FastICA)对高光谱图像进行处理,获得统计独立的独立分量影像,然后以偏度为特征度量指标从上述独立分量中选择特征影像,得到舰船目标的检测结果.应用于海上高光谱舰船图像,能够抑制背景中的海浪杂波及舰船尾迹对目标的影响,取得较好的检测效果.实验结果也进一步验证了基于峰度的FastICA算法在高光谱数据分析中的有效性.     

一种极化SAR目标Cameron分解的改进方法

Cameron分解是一种非常重要的极化SAR目标相干分解方法,在舰船及小型飞机检测等方面有着广泛的应用.但由于Cameron分解方法未考虑目标可能具有的非相干特性,对包含非相干目标的场景应用会导致不准确的分解结果,不利于进行后续的目标检测处理.为了解决问题,通过引入Touzi提出的目标相干性判定准则,在Cameron分解过程中对目标进行相干分类预处理,能够较好地将场景中包含的非相干目标分离出来,从而提高了Cameron分解结果的准确性,达到了改进Cameron分解的目的.使用实测L波段极化SAR数据进行实验,实验结果验证了改进方法的有效性.