高温下钢管混凝土SHPB动态力学性能试验研究

采用霍普金森压杆(Split Hopkinson pressure bar,SHPB)试验装置和特制高温试验炉进行了高温下钢管混凝土的抗冲击性能试验研究,通过测试高温下钢管混凝土的动态强度和应力-应变曲线,揭示温度和冲击速度(应变率)对高温下钢管混凝土动态力学性能的影响规律。试验结果表明,高温下钢管混凝土仍具有良好的抗冲击性能、延性和耗能能力。在该文试验参数范围内,温度作用相比冲击速度的影响更加显著。高温下钢管混凝土动态强度受试件尺寸影响显著,后续研究工作应关注钢管混凝土动态冲击荷载作用下的尺寸效应研究。     

Effects of microstructures on dynamic compression of Barre granite

The distribution and characteristics of microstructures (microcrack and grain) of Barre granite (BG) were investigated, and three orthogonal weak planes associated with the preferred orientations of microcracks were identified. It has been demonstrated that both the fracture toughness and the longitudinal wave speed depend on the direction of these weak planes. In this study, disk samples cut from one BG block are prepared for split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test. The axial directions of the samples are chosen to be parallel to the preferred direction of microcracks and the samples are grouped and denoted by Y (lowest P-wave velocity), Z (highest P-wave velocity), and X (intermediate P-wave velocity). Pulse-shaper technique is adopted to achieve equilibrium of dynamic stresses on both ends of the sample and constant strain rate during the dynamic loading. For samples within the same orientation group, the maximum stress achieved shows clear strain-rate sensitivity. The effect of microcracks on the dynamic compressive response of BG depends on the strain rate for a fixed loading duration (230 μs). For low strain-rate loading (70 s⁻¹) and high strain-rate loading (130 s⁻¹), the maximum dynamic stress achieved is not sensitive to the microcrack orientation; for intermediate strain rate (100 s⁻¹) loading, the maximum achieved stress for Y-samples is the largest. In addition, three dynamic compressive rock failure modes are identified: quasi-elastic, cracked, and fragmented. The correlation between the failure modes and the shape of the stress–strain curves is discussed.     

Innovative testing technique of rock subjected to coupled static and dynamic loads

A new testing technique, which relates the physical stress state of rock subjected to simultaneous coupled static and dynamic stresses, is presented. The method involves modification of a split Hopkinson pressure bar, such that the test specimen is subjected to coupled axial static pre-stress, axial impact loading, and optional confining pressure. Tests on siltstone specimens with different coupling loads showed that the strength of the specimens under coupling loads was higher than their corresponding individual static or dynamic strengths. In the grade size distribution, the percentage of small size particles of fractured specimen increases with higher coupling loads. The strength of rock under coupling loads decreases rapidly when the axial pre-compression stress is greater than 70% of the static strength of rock (with identical impact loading). However, with constant axial pre-compression stress and increasing impact loading, the strength of siltstone increases initially and reaches a maximum constant value.     

STUDY ON DYNAMIC COMPRESSIVE TOUGHNESS OF AFRP CONFINED CONCRETE

采用φ100分离式霍普金森压杆（SHPB）试验装置对芳纶纤维增强复合材料（AFRP）约束混凝土动态压缩韧性进行试验研究,选用峰值应变法与特征点法相结合的综合评价体系进行分析。结果表明,不同基体强度的AFRP约束混凝土动态压缩韧度随着应变率的增加而增大;AFRP的约束作用可以提高混凝土的动态峰值应变,明显改善混凝土的动态压缩韧性,提高混凝土的抗冲击性能。     

高温作用后混凝土动态压缩力学性能的试验研究

采用φ100 mm分离式霍普金森压杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar,简称SHPB)试验装置,分别对常温和经历200、400、600、800℃高温作用后的混凝土进行了冲击压缩试验,分析了高温和应变率对混凝土动态压缩力学性能的影响,并对其关系进行了拟合。结果表明:经历不同温度作用后的混凝土动态抗压强度、峰值应变以及比能量吸收都表现出较强的应变率效应。高温对混凝土动态力学性能影响显著,400℃是混凝土各项力学指标发生转折的温度:动态抗压强度、比能量吸收在400℃时回升至与常温接近,在400℃后又迅速下降;峰值应变在400℃以后增加明显,并随着应变率的提高而迅速增加。混凝土经400℃以上高温作用后,虽然强度损失严重,但在冲击荷载作用下,尤其是在较高应变率下,仍表现出良好的抗冲击韧性。     

斜长角闪岩累积损伤特性的围压效应研究

利用带围压装置的SHPB设备对不同围压等级下斜长角闪岩在冲击荷载循环作用下动态力学性能进行试验研究,通过对试验过程的能量计算和不同循环作用次数下试件应力-应变曲线的分析,研究斜长角闪岩在冲击荷载循环作用下的累积比能量吸收值与入射能量,损伤度与围压等参量之间的关系。研究结果表明,当入射波能量相同时,斜长角闪岩的比能量吸收值随围压的增加而减小,且斜长角闪岩的比能量吸收值与围压和入射波能量具有良好的规律性。当围压逐渐增大时,斜长角闪岩损伤度的增加随累积比能量吸收值增加的趋势变缓,即围压越高,试件达到相同损伤度所需耗散的能量越多。得到损伤度D与累积比能量吸收值和围压之间的关系表达式。     

Experimental study on dynamic damage evolution of concrete under multi-axial stresses

The effect of stress state on the dynamic compressive strength and the dynamic damage evolution process of concretes are investigated by use of a Spilt Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) and the ultrasonic technique. The columned concrete specimen is encircled by a steel sleeve. The multi-axial loading includes the axial and the radial loadings. The axial loading is supplied by the incidence bar, and the radial ones are produced by the steel sleeve. Analysis of the dynamic damage evolution of the samples is based on the measurement of the changes of ultrasonic wave velocities before and after the impact tests. The waveforms in the test bars, the stress strain curves, the confining pressure of the specimen, the dynamic compressive strength and other information about the samples are obtained during the SHPB experiments. The results of the tests show that the loading rate and stress states of the specimen apparently influence the damage evolution process in concretes. The dynamic damage evolutions are accelerated with the increase of the strain rate and are delayed significantly under the confined pressure.     

基于HJC模型高温后大理岩SHPB实验数值模拟研究

为对高温后大理岩动态压缩实验结果进行验证并探索数值模拟方法,采用"参考-计算-试算-调整"的方法基于HJC本构模型对不同温度等级高温处理后大理岩材料模型参数进行确定,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA数值模拟软件对高温处理后大理岩SHPB实验进行数值模拟,并将数值模拟结果与室内实验结果进行对比分析.结果表明,数值模拟结果与...     

机动车用摩擦材料的性能研究

利用分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)实验装置进行冲击试验,探讨摩擦材料的耐冲击性能。通过对摩擦材料的应力-应变曲线,应力-应变率曲线及应变-应变率曲线的比较研究,得出了纤维增强复合材料具有良好的耐冲击性能和良好的塑性性能。     

真空实型铸造钢基复合材料的制备与性能研究

利用真空实型铸渗工艺铸造出表面耐磨损,而芯部塑韧性好的钢基复合材料,用扫描电镜和金相显微镜对材料进行组织分析,并在14.5的分离式霍普金森压杆上对复合材料的耐磨层材料和基体材料进行了动态压缩力学性能实验,测定了耐磨层材料和基体材料在应变率为300/s的应力-应变曲线。