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Mubasher A. Bashir 《Polymer》2005,46(10):3223-3229
Gradient chromatography was applied in order to calculate the composition at elution for different methacrylates on normal phase columns. In addition the composition at elution was determined for polyethyleneoxide on a reverse phase column. It is shown that high molar mass polymers elute for a given homopolymer irrespective of their molar mass at the same eluent composition, which varies only slightly with gradient slope. In general the composition at elution in gradient chromatography is expected to be slightly lower than the true critical composition. For high molar mass polymers we found this composition to be close to the critical composition determined by isocratic experiments. The difference between the composition at elution and the true critical composition for a variety of polymethacrylates and for polyethyleneglycol was found to be only between 0.2 and 5%. Thus, after estimating the composition at elution, only a small number of additional isocratic experiments is needed to find the exact critical composition. 相似文献
24.
M. Guerioune Y. Amiour W. Bounour O. Guellati A. Benaldjia A. Amara N. E. Chakri M. Ali-Rachedi D. Vrel 《International Journal of Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis》2008,17(1):41-48
Aiming at preparation of shape memory alloys (SMAs), we explored the SHS of Cu1 − x
Zn1 − y
Al1 − z
alloys (0.29 < x < 0.30, 0.74 < y < 0.75, and 0.83 < z < 0.96). The most pronounced shape memory effect was exhibited by the alloys of the following compositions (wt %): (1) Cu(70.6)Zn(25.4)Al(4.0),
(2) Cu(70.1)Zn(25.9)Al(4.0), and (3) Cu(69.9)Zn(26.1)Al(4.0). The effect of process parameters on the synthesis of CuZnAl
alloys was studied by XRD, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The grain size of CuZnAl was found
to depend on the relative amount of the primary CuZn and AlZn phases. Changes in the transformation temperature and heat of
transformation are discussed in terms of ignition intensity and compaction. Mechanism of the process depends on the level
of the temperature attained relative to the melting point of components. At the melting point of AlZn, the process is controlled
by the solid-state diffusion of AlZn into a product layer. The ignition temperature for this system depends on the temperature
of the austenite-martensite transformation in CuZnAl alloys. The composition and structure of the products was found to markedly
depend on process parameters. The SHS technique has been successfully used to prepare a variety of SMAs.
相似文献
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The changes in surface composition of metallic alloys caused by segregation can be very efficiently studied by low-energy ion scattering (LEIS) due to the specific surface sensitivity of this technique. Investigations of single-crystal surfaces of ordered alloys are of particular interest because they provide the possibility to investigate the interplay between segregation effects and the order-disorder phase transition when passing through the transition temperature. Exemplifying these effects for bimetallic alloys we consider in particular the CuAu-system.For the quantitative interpretation of energy and angle resolved LEIS intensity distributions we compare experimental results with those from numerical simulations using the MARLOWE code which we extended with a detailed trajectory analysis. This allows us to apply various discrimination criteria, such as number of collisions, distance of closest approach, identification of the scattering crystal layer, total path length, etc. On this basis structural effects, ion survival probabilities and the influence of thermal vibrations can be studied.We demonstrate this potential by using CuAu(1 0 0) as a special example. The scattering potential parameters were calibrated with elemental single crystals of known structures and the anisotropic Debye temperatures taken from the literature showed good agreement, neutralization was of minor importance in this case. Our procedure could be successfully used for the quantitative analysis of the composition of the first and second layer as a function of temperature. These results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. 相似文献
27.
从冷却曲线上相变段倾角最小原则出发,研究了新型激冷剂的配比与热分析法检测铸铁成分精度的关系,实验结果表明,能使相变段倾角最小的成分配比,也能提高对铸铁成分的热分析和检测精度。 相似文献
28.
本文探讨HIS变换对数字化航空片影象与landsat TM多光谱影象进行复合的方法,并在此基础上提出一种改进的方法。试验结果表明本文提出的方法是一种非常行之有效的方法。复合后的影象不仅保留了TM影像的光谱特征,而且将其空间分解力由30m提高到10m,清晰度也提高了。因而复合后的影像能提高分类精度,制作专题图的精度、多时相监测能力和解译水平等。 相似文献
29.
二滩拱坝混凝土设计及试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
二滩水电站混凝土双曲拱坝,坝高240m,是我国已建和在建的第一高坝。根据拱坝应力状况,仿真试验试件尺寸,二向、三向轴受力状况混凝土的力学变形特性,建立了相应的方程式。二滩拱坝混凝土强度设计龄期为180d,抗渗标号不小于S12,抗冻标号选用D200,胶材用量不超过200kg/m3,也不少于170kg/m3,粉煤灰掺量控制在30%以内,A、B、C三区混凝土强度分别采用35、30、25MPa。经试验和复核,大坝混凝土强度的安全系数是完全足够的。 相似文献
30.
Y. W. Kim 《International Journal of Thermophysics》2002,23(4):1103-1113
A new all-spectroscopic method for depth-resolved thermal diffusivity measurement of metallic specimens has been demonstrated. The method entails measurement of the mass entrained into a laser-produced plasma (LPP) plume in such a manner that the plume is representative of the specimen in elemental composition. Both the abundance of matter and its elemental composition are measured by time-resolved spectroscopy for each LPP plume. In order to delineate the morphology versus composition basis of the depth dependence, a new study on a Nichrome ribbon specimen heated by ohmic heating in a vacuum is presented. A set of depth-resolved thermal diffusivity measurements is carried out, while noting the attendant changes in the spectral emissivity and elemental composition at succeeding ablation layers. Additional measurements are carried out after the specimen has been treated under varying heating conditions. Preferential diffusion of chromium at high temperatures has been found to contribute to the dynamics of surface thermophysical properties at high temperatures. Representative LPP ablation is well suited for removal of surface impurities prior to thermophysical property measurements by the pulse heating technique. 相似文献