Catalytic properties and electronic structure of copper ions in Cu-ZSM-5

The effect of ion exchange conditions, such as Si/Al ratio, precursor copper salt, pH and concentration of the solution, on the catalytic activity in SCR of NO by propane and on the electronic state of copper ions in Cu-ZSM-5 has been studied. The NO conversion in NO SCR by C₃H₈ has been found to reach a maximum value at Cu/Al ratio about 0.37–0.4 and remain constant at higher Cu/Al.

ESR and UV–vis DR spectroscopy have been used to elucidate stabilization conditions of copper ions in Cu-ZSM-5 zeolites as isolated Cu²⁺ ions, chain copper oxide structures and square-plain oxide clusters. The ability of copper ions for reduction and reoxidation in the chain structures may be responsible for the catalytic activity of Cu-ZSM-5. These transformations of copper ions are accompanied by the observation of intervalence transitions Cu²⁺–Cu⁺ and CTLM of the chain structures in the UV–vis spectra.     

Epoxy paint failure in B-52 fuel tanks: Part II. Influence of DIEGME concentration in the fuel on the failure process

A model has been proposed to explain the failure of the original BMS10-39 epoxy paint on upper vertical surfaces in B-52 fuel tanks. The model involves interaction of the paint with DIEGME, a fuel system ice inhibitor (FSII) in jet fuel, that is distilled from the liquid fuel. In this communication, distillation experiments used to support the model are refined to better match the mass transfer of vapor from fuel in a B-52 fuel tank at close to room temperature. The interaction of these lower temperature distillates with the paint affirms the earlier model. On the basis of these experiments it is proposed that paint failure may be controlled or eliminated by reducing the level of DIEGME in the fuel. Proposed changes in military jet fuel composition are detailed.     

Selectivity Enhancement to the Exclusive Formation of Ethyltoluenes and Hydrogen During Dehydroalkylation of Toluene with Ethane

The dehydroalkylation of toluene with ethane to the isomeric ethyltoluenes was studied on 0.4Pt/H-ZSM-5 at varying contact times (1/WHSV). At a high contact time of 1.0 h, toluene disproportionation and hydrogenolysis reactions dominate, resulting in low selectivity to the desired ethyltoluenes via the alkylation reaction. However, at a low contact time of 0.12 h side reactions are eliminated, resulting in maximum selectivities to the kinetically favored ethyltoluenes and hydrogen. Results at high selectivities to ethyltoluenes provide significant insight into reaction pathways.     

Active sites of Cu-ZSM-5 for the decomposition of acrylonitrile

The catalytic decomposition of acrylonitrile (AN) over Cu-ZSM-5 prepared with various Cu loadings was investigated. AN conversion, during which the nitrogen atoms in AN were mainly converted to N₂, increased as Cu loading increased. N₂ selectivities as high as 90–95% were attained. X-ray diffraction measurements (XRD) and temperature-programmed reduction by H₂ (H₂-TPR) showed the existence of bulk CuO in Cu-ZSM-5 with a Cu loading of 6.4 wt% and the existence of highly dispersed CuO in Cu-ZSM-5 with a Cu loading of 3.3 wt%. Electron spin resonance measurements revealed that Cu-ZSM-5 contains three forms of isolated Cu²⁺ ions (square-planar, square-pyramidal, and distorted square-pyramidal). The H₂-TPR results suggested that in Cu-ZSM-5 with a Cu loading of 2.9 wt% and below, Cu⁺ existed even after oxidizing pretreatment. The activity of AN decomposition over Cu/SiO₂ suggested that CuO could form N₂, but, independent of the CuO dispersion, nitrogen oxides (NO_x) were formed above 350 °C. Cu⁺ and the square-pyramidal and distorted square-pyramidal forms of Cu²⁺ showed low activity for AN decomposition. Temperature-programmed desorption of NH₃ suggested that N₂ formation from NH₃ proceeded on Cu²⁺, resulting in the formation of Cu⁺. The Cu⁺ ions were oxidized to Cu²⁺ at around 300 °C. Thus, high N₂ selectivity over Cu-ZSM-5 with a wide range of temperature was probably attained by the reaction over the square-planar Cu²⁺, which can be reversibly reduced and oxidized.     

快速色谱分析技术在油气勘探中的应用

文章通过对五口井的现场应用介绍，阐述了快速色谱分析技术在油气层识别和解释方面的准确性，探讨了该技术在薄油气层的发现和评价、快速钻进条件下油气层的发现、对油气层全烃组份变化的统一、水平井的地质导向以及排除钻井液添加荆对油气显示的影响五个方面的优势，从而论证了快速色谱分析技术在油气勘探中的应用价值。     

郯庐断裂带含油气性研究

郯庐断裂带是中国东部一条巨型断裂构造带,该文从其基本构造特征入手,分析了它的几何学、运动学和动力学特征,并进一步研究其含油气特点,认为:a)郯庐断裂带对中国东部诸多中新生代含油气盆地的形成及演化有重要的控制作用,不同演化阶段产生并控制了不同的沉积盆地(如松辽盆地和渤海湾盆地);b)郯庐断裂带对油气藏的形成及演化有重要的控制作用,不仅控制盆地烃源岩的发育、基本的储集层和盖层条件,以及圈闭的形成等等,而且对油气的生成、运移及聚集成藏、大中型油气田的形成及分布等有重要的控制作用.      

Influence of Reaction Parameters on the Hydrogenolysis of Hydroxymatairesinol Over Carbon Nanofibre Supported Palladium Catalysts

The density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) calculations were applied to investigate the interaction of a Pt₆ particle with the ZSM-5 zeolite framework. The electronic structure of the metal particle is strongly affected by the interaction with basic framework oxygens and acid sites of the zeolite support. Adsorption on basic sites (E_ads = 6 kcal/mol) favors the formation of the electron enriched metal cluster. Interaction of the platinum cluster with the acid site characterized by stabilization energy of 47 kcal/mol results in oxidation of the metal particle and suppression of Brønsted acidity of the support. The hypothesis is put forward that the oxidized platinum particle can function as an active site for the alkane isomerisation on platinum supported high silica zeolites.     

Low temperature synthesis of aluminium titanate by an aqueous sol-gel route

Formation of aluminium titanate (AT) has been achieved at low temperature through sol-gel process using boehmite and titanium hydroxide as precursors by controlling the particle size at nanoscale followed by in-situ peptisation. The formations of AT phase, particle size distributions, sintering and thermal expansion characteristics, and microstructural features have been reported. DTA and XRD analysis have been performed to confirm the formation of AT. A 94% relative density was obtained for aluminium titanate sintered at 1550 °C with controlled grain size in the range of 2-3 μm.     

4-(2-噻唑偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺与铑(Ⅲ)显色反应研究及其应用

研究了显色剂 4 ( 2 噻唑偶氮 ) 5 二甲氨基苯胺 (简称TADMA)与铑 的显色反应。结果表明 ,在 pH3 2～ 4 8范围内 ,铑 与TADMA反应形成 1∶2红色络合物 ,加入无机酸后色泽加深 ,络合物的表观摩尔吸光系数为 1 2 1× 10 5,铑质量浓度在 0～ 0 92 μg/mL范围内服从比尔定律。本方法操作简便 ,灵敏度高 ,选择性好 ,常见金属离子在一定范围内无干扰 ,用于催化剂中微量铑的测定 ,结果满意     

塔里木盆地西部层序地层格架控制下的石炭系沉积成岩演化特征

根据高频旋回层序在长周期旋回层序内的有序叠加方式可在研究区石炭系中划分出3个Ⅲ级旋回层序和2个Ⅱ级旋回层序.其中Ⅲ₃和Ⅲ₃旋回层序为海侵体系域,Ⅲ₂为高水位体系域,它们共同构成了研究区的层序地层格架并且控制着沉积相和生储盖组合的时空展布特征.由于受成岩历史差异性和不同成岩环境的影响,石炭系碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩储集岩成岩特征和储集性能在巴楚隆起区和麦盖提斜坡区均存在明显差异,且分布在斜坡区的储层物性明显优于隆起区同层位的储层,是近期有利的的勘探区域.