台湾莎学研究情况综述

台湾莎学的发展是在梁实秋、虞尔昌、颜元叔、朱立民等学者的努力下发展起来的。梁实秋以一人之力完成了《莎士比亚全集》的翻译，虞尔昌补译了朱生豪未译完的莎士比亚历史剧，合成一套完成的《莎士比亚全集》在台湾出版。近年来，台湾除了出版了多种台湾译者莎作译本外，还出版了多种大陆翻译的莎剧译本和《莎士比亚全集》。颜元叔和朱立民主要从事莎士比亚评论和研究工作，彭镜禧等人的莎学研究在近年来较有影响。台湾的莎剧演出也取得了不俗的成绩，台湾莎剧演出主要以话剧和京剧为主。台湾和大陆之间的莎学交流也日渐频繁。     

发动机性能试验数据采集系统及试验的可视化研究

作者开发了基于WINDOWS的发动机性能试验数据采集系统,具有高速、高效、高精度的优点。本系统能同时测量16个参数,同时也提供了一个D／A输出1：2,供进行自动控制使用。用VISUAL C 为工具的编程软件,编制了数据采集、处理、分析,图形绘制、打印软件。引进监督曲线,随时监控试验情况。对柴油机和汽油机分别进行了性能试验,试验结果表明：该系统实现了预期的目的：系统人机界面友好,操作简便,具有良好的通用性和实用价值。     

Effects of Diagrams on Mathematics Performance

Research on the facilitative effect of diagrams on solving mathematics problems is both inconsistent and inconclusive. This study investigates the effects of diagrams on 124 Singaporean pupils in three classes: Primary One and three, and Secondary One. Pupils' performance was measured with the use of teacher-written mathematics problems in the form of worksheets. Number of errors made on problems accompanied with and without diagrams were compared. Whether or not pupils benefit from diagrams was estimated by their patterns of errors made in the presence or absence of diagrams. Results both confirm and disconfirm previous findings and shed further light on the use of diagrams in mathematics.     

防裂高效减水剂在水泥混凝土路面中的试验研究

通过研究在水泥混凝土中加入由膨胀组份EVA粉厦减水组份自行配制而成的防裂型高效减水剂。改善了水泥混凝土的力学性能、细观结构以及收缩性能。为特殊路段使用水泥混凝土路面提供了广阔的应用前景。     

高校科研绩效考评体系研究

简述影响科研绩效的因子和绩效考评概况,阐明绩效考评需量化指标及量化考评的作用,提出指标体系建立的五大原则,论述高校常用的绩效考评体系建立的方法,认为应用激励机制对提升绩效和科研水平会起重要的作用.     

TAKING SCHOOL CONTEXTS MORE SERIOUSLY: THE SOCIAL JUSTICE CHALLENGE

ABSTRACT:  Research is increasingly highlighting the influence of school contexts on school processes and student achievement. This article reviews a range of social justice rationales for taking school contexts into better account, and highlights the challenges contextualisation currently poses for practice and for policy. It notes important constraints on contextualised practice and limited developments in contextualising policy. There is now increasing concern to recognise and understand context in school effectiveness and school improvement research but such research needs to consider school context much more, in order to provide a stronger underpinning for contextualised policy and practice. School composition research is potentially most insightful because it addresses the issue most directly. Nevertheless future large-scale studies in this area need to overcome a number of limitations within the existing literature.     

双牌水库溢流面改造工程SFRC30配合比试验研究

采用钢纤维混凝土(SFRC30)配合比设计对双牌水库溢流面工程进行改造.在试验分析钢纤维品种、掺量对钢纤维混凝土力学性能及工作性能影响的基础上,选择SFRC30混凝土所用钢纤维的品种和合理掺量.并对SFRC30的力学性能、干缩性能、抗冲磨性能等进行试验,结果表明:SFRC30的性能较基准混凝土有较明显的提高.     

Neuropsychological Assessment of First‐Year Architecture Students’ Visuospatial Abilities: Overview

First‐year architecture students are expected to utilise visuospatial abilities to generate/construct, retain, rotate and manipulate space mentally and physically through physical and digital representations. This study of 57 female and 23 male participants was conducted to investigate first‐year architecture students’ visuospatial abilities by means of the Beck Depression Inventory, Logical Reasoning Test and Judgment of Line Orientation (JLO) test. Participants’ sexes, cognitive development level, depression scale scores, university entrance exam results, vision disorders, physical competences, art training prior to university and error types were the study’s main parameters. The results showed that academic scores of the participants both to enrol in the program and complete the first‐year studio did not correlate with their JLO scores. Nondepressed participants performed better in JLO. Error analyses demonstrated that there is a concentration on certain items according to the test stimulus line positions, especially in females. Those who reported limited physical and visual competency made more mistakes in the same items. The study concludes that sex, depression, and individual differences in physical and visual competency, and art training, are significant variables for visuospatial performance. Judging visuospatial parameters through spatial design exercises is different from having proper methods and instruments to assess the achievements of the students regarding those abilities in architectural design education. It is important to map students’ visuospatial abilities individually from a developmental perspective. There is a strong need to develop 4D psychometric instrument to assess visuospatial abilities.     

Trends in computer applications in science assessment

Seven computer applications to science assessment are reviewed. Conventional test administration includes record keeping, grading, and managing test banks. Multiple-choice testing involves forced selection of an answer from a menu, whereas constructed-response testing involves options for students to present their answers within a set standard deviation. Adaptive testing attempts to individualize the test to minimize the number of items and time needed to assess a student's knowledge. Figurai response testing assesses science proficiency in pictorial or graphic mode and requires the student to construct a mental image rather than selecting a response from a multiple choice menu. Simulations have been found useful for performance assessment on a large-scale basis in part because they make it possible to independently specify different aspects of a real experiment. An emerging approach to performance assessment is solution pathway analysis, which permits the analysis of the steps a student takes in solving a problem. Virtually all computer-based testing systems improve the quality and efficiency of record keeping and data analysis.     

The relationship between grit,self-control,and early grade reading: a trial measuring soft skills in rural Tanzania

Abstract

Soft skills such as grit, self-control, and self-confidence have been shown to predict outcomes in school and in life. As such, their valid and reliable measurement is of substantial interest in educational research and policy circles. However, the vast majority of this research originates in Western countries; relatively little is known regarding the measurement of soft skills in developing country contexts and whether similar types of instruments can provide evidence of these skills. This paper presents a novel means of assessing grit, self-control, and self-confidence in rural Tanzania: through the use of scenario-based self-report questionnaires. Survey instruments were administered in three regions in Tanzania to 961 Standard 2 pupils. We found that scenario-based items provided valid and, in most cases, reliable estimates of the three tested soft skills. When comparing self-reported soft skills and reading ability, we found that both grit and self-control were significant predictors of reading and mathematics performance. After controlling for sex, region, and age, grit was found to have a stronger association with reading performance than socioeconomic status.