Greek primary school teachers’ awareness of the special features of scientific language: implications for science curricula and teachers’ professional development

This exploratory study aims at investigating first the extent to which Greek primary school teachers recognize the features of scientific language (an archetype for the academic language employed in all school disciplines), and second and most importantly the functional role they attribute to these features in the construction of scientific discourse. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 teachers. Two versions of a one-page extract, varying in linguistic specialization, were used as stimuli-materials. Teachers correctly recognized the linguistically highly specialized version, but they were less able to spontaneously mention specific features (mainly syntactic complexity and terminology) contributing to this specialization. Worse still, they failed to recognize syntactic complexity as a feature of the specialized extract even after they were explicitly probed to do so. Moreover, teachers were found to only be partially aware of the functional role these features play in constructing the scientific world-view. Specifically, teachers seem to put emphasis on the communicative rather than the epistemological role of the corresponding linguistic features. These findings stress the need for certain interventions both at initial and in-service level of teacher education as well as at the level of science curricula.     

中国国际贸易海运CO2排放特征及驱动因素研究

近年来中国国际贸易海运量持续增长,海运CO₂排放量显著增加,海运业碳减排问题受到社会各界的广泛关注。本文基于2001—2016年的中国海运量数据,运用IPCC清单中“自下向上”的方法,按照实际货物运输类别将海运细分成液体散货运输、干散货运输、集装箱运输三种方式,分别按船型核算以中国为始发地或目的地的国际贸易海运产生的CO₂排放,并对CO₂排放总量进行时序特征分析;应用LMDI模型对中国国际贸易海运CO₂排放的驱动因素进行分解分析。研究结果表明：① 2001—2016年间,中国国际贸易海运CO₂排放的演进经历了三个阶段,总体呈显著增加趋势;② 人均GDP和人口始终是加剧CO₂排放的因素,其中人均GDP是CO₂排放增加的最大拉动因素,反映出中国国际贸易海运CO₂排放与经济发展密切相关;③ 能源强度因素抑制了海运CO₂排放增加,成为海运业未来强有力的碳减排驱动因素;降低海运强度有助于降低CO₂排放;④ 基于目前的经济社会发展态势,在没有出台新的针对性政策的情景下,未来一段时间内中国国际贸易海运CO₂将会保持增长。研究结果可对中国制定海运领域碳减排政策提供参考。     

国外管理科学期刊综合排名研究比较及其启示

本文比较分析国外学者对管理科学期刊综合排名研究的结果,评价三种排名方法,指出期刊获得好排名需要有研究能力强的编辑、好的审稿政策和宗旨等多方面的因素,文章接受率和期刊排名好坏没有因果关系。     

美国加州纳米技术研究院创新运营模式及其启示

美国加州纳米技术研究院(简称CNSI)以加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)和加州大学圣芭芭拉分校(UCSB)为技术支撑,依靠自身的独特运营模式,紧密地将学术界、产业界和投资公司联系在一起,促进了技术研究、成果转化和产业投资的协调发展。CNSI运营模式对我国的科技发展、技术创新以及高科技成果的产业化具有一定的借鉴作用。     

大国竞争背景下的中国战略性关键矿产资源安全思考

战略性关键矿产是对国家经济发展至关重要、对战略新兴产业不可或缺，同时又被打上地缘政治烙印的一类矿产资源。战略性关键矿产的种类因国家经济发展阶段、经济结构和全球化产业分工不同而呈现某些时空演变规律。特别是21世纪以来，伴随着信息技术、人工智能和可再生能源等战略新兴产业快速发展，战略性关键矿产内涵不断延伸并与产业链密切衔接，彰显了其重要地位和安全意义。中国、美国和欧盟战略性关键矿产种类高度重叠，美西方国家正在试图构建独立于中国之外的关键矿产供应链，因此中国需要制定相关战略并做出科学合理的应对。