应急公路飞机跑道中桥涵结构振动分析

高等级公路战时应急改成飞机跑道具有重要的战备意义,但路段中包含中小跨径桥梁,对飞机起降存在一定的影响。假定桥跨结构为多跨简支梁、验算荷载为某型号飞机,综合运用结构动力学理论和ANSYS结构分析软件计算飞机匀速通过桥梁时的动力响应及飞机直接降落对桥梁的冲击作用,分析了中小桥梁跨径、桥墩横向刚度等对桥梁结构振动及其对飞机可通行性的影响。经计算表明,跨度为13m的桥梁能满足此型号飞机的通行要求。     

典型公路桥梁抗震设计问题探讨

现行桥梁抗震设计规范对抗震设防标准、隔震周期及墩柱抗剪强度阐述比较笼统,文章系统地阐述了桥梁抗震设防标准的确定方法,明确了隔震周期与非隔震周期的内涵,改进了墩柱抗剪强度的验算方法.     

振动压路机五自由度减振模型求解的一种新方法及仿真分析

根据对振动压路机考虑各系统阻尼后的五自由度减振模型的分析,对该模型进行了求解,并结合振动压路机的设计参数对求解的结果进行了仿真。通过求解及仿真结果可得：与两自由度模型相比,这种求解方法求解的五自由度模型同样简单可行并且分析问题更加全面,能为振动压路机各个模块的减振优化设计提供更好的理论参考依据。     

曲线PC箱梁桥隔震体系的非线性分析

为了改善曲线PC箱梁桥的抗震性能,基于空间有限元法,采用非线性弹簧单元模拟铅芯橡胶支座,考虑了减隔震支座的非线性特性,以一座三跨曲线PC连续箱梁桥为例,分别对设置板式橡胶支座及铅芯橡胶支座的结构体系进行了非线性动力时程地震响应分析,并研究了铅芯橡胶支座在曲线梁桥中的减隔震效果.分析结果表明:铅芯橡胶支座具有很好的减隔震效果,能显著降低下部结构的地震响应值;多维地震荷载作用下,曲线箱梁桥的受力更为不利.     

Numerical analysis of nonlinear rotor-bearing-seal system

The system state trajectory, Poincard maps, largest Lyapunov exponents, frequency spectra and bifurcation diagrams were used to investigate the non-linear dynamic behaviors of a rotor-bearing-seal coupled system and to analyze the influence of the seal and bearing on the nonlinear characteristics of the rotor sys- tem. Various nonlinear phenomena in the rotor-bearing-seal system, such as periodic motion, double-periodic motion, multi-periodic motion and quasi-periodic motion were investigated. The results may contribute to a further understanding of the non-linear dynamics of the rotor-bearing-seal coupled system.     

Assessment of motor vehicle use characteristics in three Indian cities

Estimates of emissions and energy consumption by vehicular fleet in India are not backed by reliable values of parameters, leading to large uncertainties. We report new methods, including primary surveys and secondary data sources, to estimate in-use fleet size, annual mileage (kilometers per year), and fuel efficiency of cars and motorised two-wheelers (MTW) for Delhi, and except fleet size and annual mileage of cars, for Visakhapatnam and Rajkot. We estimated that the official number of registered cars and MTW in Indian cities is more than two times the actual number of in-use vehicles. The private vehicular fleet in India is the youngest, its fuel efficiency one of the highest, and annual kilometers travelled is the lowest, compared to many high-income countries, such as the USA and those in European Union. Along with high renewal rate of fleet, the data suggest that it is possible for India to have one of the most fuel-efficient vehicle fleets in the world in the future, if fuel-efficiency standards and fiscal policies to contain growing dieselization are implemented in the country at the earliest.     

影响疏浚船舶施工效率的因素

针对一艘万立方米疏浚船远海疏浚工程中挖取泥砂效率低的问题,对影响施工效率的因素进行全方位论证,采用数学模型分析的方法,通过对比现场3种泥泵的尺寸并分析不同类型泥泵对施工的影响,将施工中所测得的参数与流体力学原理相结合,并分析泥泵叶轮叶墙厚度和耙头格栅大小对挖取石块的影响。结果表明,疏浚设备中泥泵叶轮最小通流面积为施工效率低下的主要原因。该成果可为类似工程提供参考。     

新型局域共振橡胶减振垫振动传递特性测试分析

为了研究一种应用于浮置板轨道结构的新型橡胶减振垫的振动传递特性,对比某基于局域共振新型减振垫与普通橡胶减振垫的减振性能,研究预压质量与激振加速度对振动传递特性的影响,对新型橡胶减振垫进行刚度试验与振动传递特性试验,测试其在30~200 Hz频率下的传递特性,试验过程中采用不同的预压质量与激振加速度,振动传递特性测试采用加速度激振的方法,以加速度传递率作为减振垫振动传递特性的评价指标。结果表明:新型减振垫加速度传递率更小,减振效果更好,最大可以减小10 dB左右;减振垫上方预压质量对振动传递特性有较大影响,预压质量越大,加速度传递率越大,减振效果越差;减振垫的刚度对其振动传递特性有一定的影响,激振的加速度幅值对加速度传递率影响较小。     

地铁线路下穿燃气调压站引起的环境振动影响及控制措施研究

近年来,我国大城市地铁线网和城市燃气管网密度日益增大,地铁线路不可避免下穿燃气管线及其调压站,而地铁列车运行对燃气设施产生的振动影响及其控制措施研究少见报道。以某地铁线路下穿燃气调压站实际工程为分析对象,综合采用地铁振动类比测试和数值仿真计算方法对燃气调压站受地铁振动影响情况进行了预测分析,提出"减振垫-厚重筏板基础-减振垫-箱形设备基础"隔振控制方案,并对其隔振效果进行数值仿真分析。分析结果表明:控制措施实施前,3个燃气设备基础Z振级预测值为78.3~81.4 dB,加速度峰值为0.155~0.22 m/s^2;控制措施实施后,Z振级降为69.9~73.4 dB,加速度峰值平均下降61%,控制措施效果明显。     

Energy consumption and cost-benefit analysis of hybrid and electric city buses

This paper presents a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of hybrid and electric city buses in fleet operation. The analysis is founded on an energy consumption analysis, which is carried out on the basis of extensive simulations in different bus routes. A conventional diesel city bus is used as a reference for the CBA. Five different full size hybrid and electric city bus configurations were considered in this study; two parallel and two series hybrid buses, and one electric city bus. Overall, the simulation results indicate that plug-in hybrid and electric city buses have the best potential to reduce energy consumption and emissions. The capital and energy storage system costs of city buses are the most critical factors for improving the cost-efficiency of these alternative city bus configurations. Furthermore, the operation schedule and route planning are important to take into account when selecting hybrid and electric city buses for fleet operation.