Scheduled paratransit transport systems

In this paper we focus on ways to provide individualized services to people with mobility challenges using existing modes of public transport. We study the design of an interesting case, in which a bus operating in a public transport route may diverge from its nominal path to pick-up passengers with limited mobility and drop them off at their destination. We have modeled the design problem by a mixed integer-linear program, and we developed an exact Branch and Price approach to solve it to optimality. The proposed approach includes a labeling algorithm in which we introduced appropriate dominance rules, which do not compromise optimality. We have compared the efficiency of our approach with that of related algorithms from the literature. Furthermore, we have used the proposed approach to study key aspects of the system design problem, such as the effect of various constraints on the service level, and the tuning of the system’s parameters to address different transport environments.     

基于路网可达性的城市交通离散网络设计模型及算法

根据城市交通路网分区理论,把分成的子区看成一个节点,考虑所有节点的可达性,以此度量整个路网的可达性,设计了基于路网可达性最大为目标的城市交通离散网络设计模型。采用粒子群算法,并给出一个简单的算例,算例表明,合理的添加路段,能使城市路网可达性达到最大。     

旧路新增互通式立交方案探讨

中山市二环快速路是在既有道路基础上提升改造的城市环线。其北段与东段（既有S111）相交于中山港大桥，在本次改造时，在该处设置群乐互通式立交。详细分析中山港大桥新旧桥的结构型式及病害情况，明确新增群乐互通式立交设计的边界条件及影响因素，并深入探讨群乐互通式立交方案。     

Optimisation of lateral car dynamics taking into account parameter uncertainties

Simulation studies on an active all-wheel-steering car show that disturbance of vehicle parameters have high influence on lateral car dynamics. This motivates the need of robust design against such parameter uncertainties. A specific parametrisation is established combining deterministic, velocity-dependent steering control parameters with partly uncertain, velocity-independent vehicle parameters for simultaneous use in a numerical optimisation process. Model-based objectives are formulated and summarised in a multi-objective optimisation problem where especially the lateral steady-state behaviour is improved by an adaption strategy based on measurable uncertainties. The normally distributed uncertainties are generated by optimal Latin hypercube sampling and a response surface based strategy helps to cut down time consuming model evaluations which offers the possibility to use a genetic optimisation algorithm. Optimisation results are discussed in different criterion spaces and the achieved improvements confirm the validity of the proposed procedure.     

公路隧道设计及施工技术问题分析

隧道作为组成公路整体结构的重要环节,其具体的设计及施工非常复杂,不断提高设计及施工技术应用的质量,才能够满足日益上涨的公路运输需求。从分析公路隧道建设项目中存在的设计及施工技术问题入手,提出设计和施工的优化方案,可以为提高公路建设质量提供有效的理论参考。     

A bi-objective optimization framework for three-dimensional road alignment design

Optimization of three-dimensional road alignments is a nonlinear non-convex optimization problem. The development of models that fully optimize a three-dimensional road alignment problem is challenging due to numerous factors involved and complexities in the geometric specification of the alignment. In this study, we developed a novel bi-objective optimization approach to solve a three dimensional road alignment problem where the horizontal and vertical alignments are optimized simultaneously. Two conflicting cost objective functions, earthwork cost and the utility cost, are cast in a bi-objective optimization problem. We numerically compare several multi-objective optimization solvers, and find that it is possible to determine the Pareto front in a reasonable time.     

改扩建公路超高设计中若干问题的探讨

超高设计是道路曲线路段的重要设计内容,也是行车安全性和舒适性的重要影响因素,在高等级公路改扩建应用中尤为重要。基于S226省道温岭岙环至玉环龙溪段拓宽改造项目,结合JTG D20—2017《公路路线设计规范》道路超高设计的相关规定,针对改扩建公路中分离式路基超高线形设计方法、S型曲线超高设置、曲线内构造物超高验算以及老路路拱过渡等特殊超高问题,提出新老路间的差异平稳过渡方案,借以探讨改扩建公路超高设计的思路和方法。     

地铁设计新规范之车辆基地设计体会

为了地铁车辆段工艺设计者更快地熟悉掌握应用地铁设计新规范,并创新车辆段工艺设计思路,通过对2013年版地铁设计新规范的学习,并结合笔者地铁车辆段工艺设计经历,对新旧地铁设计规范车辆基地篇章的主要区别及变化原因进行剖析与解读。归纳总结车辆段物业开发设计过程中的常见问题和应该把握的设计原则;车辆参数变化对车辆段工程设计的影响;车辆修程修制调整对车辆段规模的影响;运用整备设施设计参数的优化调整;检修设备设施及其他设施配置的明确调整等。     

论纯电动乘用车总装生产线的设计

总装生产线设计开发是总装工程的重要内容。文章结合纯电动乘用车的结构特点及工艺要求,对其总装生产过程进行了深入研究及思考,然后以生产线设计步骤为主线,着重分析了基本信息的收集、工艺流程及主线的设计、工艺设备及工艺布局的选择等关键环节,最终提出了纯电动乘用车总装生产线设计工作的方法及要点,这些方法及要点对于总装生产线规划与设计具有一定的实用价值,能有效地保证开发质量、缩短开发周期、降低设计成本。此外,对于企业加快形成更加科学化、高效化、规范化的汽车总装生产新局面有积极的指导意义。     

基于有限元分析及理论计算的驱动桥轴头改进设计

文章主要介绍了某驱动桥焊接轴头开裂的改进设计过程。开裂位置为桥壳中段与轴头焊接处。通过分析讨论确定为轴头与中段焊接处壁厚较小且截面变化较大引起应力集中,从而导致焊接处剪切应力过大引起的开裂现象。改进方法为加大焊接处壁厚及将过渡处改为平缓结构。最后,通过Hypermesh分析改进方案前后轴头焊接处应力,并根据第4强度理论对危险截面进行应力计算,对比现有定型产品,最终确定改进方案。