一种新型同位素示踪剂载体及应用

同位素沾污、低注井同位素示踪剂因沉降造成的上返速度慢或无法上返、大孔道地层同位素示踪剂失踪等是影响注水开发油田后期吸水剖面测井资料质量的主要问题。同位素示踪剂载体的物理参数，尤其是其密度，是产生上述问题的重要因素。通过对同位素示踪剂载体技术指标优选而生产的一种新型同位素示踪剂，可以解决低注井同位素上返速度慢的问题，并能有效识别大孔道地层，减少同位素沾污。这种同位素示踪剂载体已在河南油田吸水剖面测井中应用，并见到了很好的效果。     

Surface Position-Resolved Thermophysical Properties for Metallic Alloys

Thermophysical properties are collective measures of a material to transport dynamical quantities of physical nature on its surface or through the bulk. As such, the exact nature of couplings between particles in a many-body assembly of building block atoms or molecules sensitively determines their values. The couplings between nearest neighbors are the product of the local elemental composition and the material phase. In this study, thermal cycling of a four-element Wood’s alloy specimen brings out cadmium-rich patches to the top surface of the specimen. An assembly of such patches leads to depth-dependent deviations of elemental composition from that of the bulk. Surface-layer atoms are driven to form a high temperature laser-produced plasma (LPP), and time-resolved spectroscopy of their emissions show the variability of elemental composition over surface positions as well as over depth from the surface. These thermal history-driven composition anomalies contribute to significant variability in the measured values of spectral emissivity and thermal diffusivity.     

SJT-B助剂/表面活性剂/聚合物三元复合体系的黏度和界面张力研究

助剂SJT-B是10%的磷硅酸盐胶体溶液,含有Na^＋和K^＋、SiO3^2-和PO4^3-等离子,在活化状态下一部分SiO3^2-和PO4^3-生成具5个负电荷的聚磷硅酸根链状阴离子,后者可结合Ca^2＋、Mg^2＋而形成纳米磷硅酸盐胶态粒子,避免结垢并防止金属腐蚀。以助剂SJT-B代替NaOH,用大庆油田回注污水配制SJT-B/烷基苯磺酸盐/聚合物三元复合溶液,取SJT-B浓度为1.0-8.0 g/kg,石油磺酸盐浓度为0.5-4.0 g/kg,聚合物浓度为1.2 g/kg,按排列组合法得到25个实验配方。对照NaOH/石油磺酸盐/聚合物溶液组成为12/3.0/1.2 g/kg,初配黏度（45℃,7.34s^-1）27.3 mPa·s,界面张力（45℃）3.20×10^-3mN/m。初配各实验配方溶液黏度31.2-44.8 mPa·s,45℃老化30天后黏度降低率2.71%-36.97%;初始界面张力最低值1.13×10^-3mN/m,最高值4.34×10^-2mN/m,在界面活性图上,10^-3mN/m超低界面张力区出现在高SJT-B和烷基苯磺酸盐区,老化后该区扩大。筛选出的SJT-B/石油磺酸盐/聚合物体系组成为4.0/3.0/1.2 g/kg,其初始黏度为37.1 mPa·s,老化后黏度降低3.77%,初始界面张力1.79×10^-2mN/m。图2表3参8。     

An investigation into the occurrence of sewage fungus in rivers containing papermill effluents—IV. Growth in experimental channels dosed with effluents and pure compounds

Wastewaters from the manufacture of pulp and paper have given rise to problems of excessive microbial growth in rivers over a number of years. This paper is the first in a series of four articles describing research undertaken by PIRA at four U.K. paper/board mills (one integrated with pulp production) over the period 1978–1980. This first paper briefly reviews the published literature on sewage fungus growth from pulp and paper mill discharges up to 1978, but mainly describes previously unpublished work undertaken by PIRA over the period 1965–1975. This introductory paper thus provides a state-of-the-art review of methods to control sewage fungus growth from pulp and paper mill effluents prior to commencement of the research described in the following three articles.     

Isolation of the acidic and basic lectins from winged bean seed (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC)

The acidic and basic lectins of the winged bean were isolated from seed extracts by affinity chromatography on lactose-Sepharose 6B and melibiose Bio-Gel P150, respectively. The lectins isolated from six varieties of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, collected from different regions of south-east Asia, showed no significant differences in their properties; their subunit M_r and amino acid compositions were the same as those of the acidic and basic lectins isolated by non-affinity methods. On isoelectric focusing the affinity purified acidic lectins showed two major protein components (isolectins) while the affinity purified basic lectins had four protein components. The acidic lectins showed a preference for β-D-galactosides and they agglutinated trypsinised human type A, B and O erythrocytes but not trypsinised rabbit erythrocytes. The basic lectins showed a preference for α-D-galactosides and they agglutinated trypsinised rabbit and human type A and B erythrocytes but not trypsinised human type O erythrocytes.     

SWRH82B冶炼过程中几个工艺问题的探讨

通过对天津钢铁有限公司在SWRH82B钢冶炼过程中工艺数据的整理分析,就转炉冶炼终点如何实现高碳低磷和优化工序操作提出一些改进措施。     

Polyethylene mixed crystal infra-red spectroscopy: The influence of matrix isotopic species on guest conformation

The chain conformation of solution-crystallized polyethylene has previously been confirmed by infra-red spectroscopy, using the CD₂ bending bandshape for samples with a minority of the deuterated species^1–3. The method of calculating the i.r. band profile from molecular conformational models is now developed to give a more accurate representation of doublet splittings and to include the singlet component. The CH₂ bending profile is calculated for samples with a deuterated matrix, and the good agreement with experimental data indicates that the same molecular model is applicable for samples with the deuterated polymer as either guest or matrix, for identical crystallization conditions. This result implies that isotopic fractionation is unimportant under these conditions.     

胍基聚合物的合成及抗菌性能

采用熔融缩聚的方法合成了聚亚己基胍盐酸盐（PHGC）及聚亚己基双胍盐酸盐（PHBG）。应用气相渗透压法（VPO）及粘度法测定了其分子质量，应用元素分析，FT－IR，XPS分析了聚合物的化学组成，抗菌活性的研究结果表明所合成的胍基聚合物具有较强的而且广谱的抗菌性能。     

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解决注水泥作业的防气窜问题，是提高固井质量，保护油气层的关键技术。现有预测和防止水泥浆气管理的方法虽然较多，但应用于现场却有一定困难，主要表现在所考虑的因素比较单一，有些高温、高压下的水泥浆性能参数难以测定。文章在分析国内外预测和防止气窜方法的基础上，应用水泥浆浆体在环空的组成，GFP系数、水泥浆稠度阻力系数（A）及多凝水泥和环空加压等措施，拟定出一套提高水泥浆顶替效率，保证水泥浆动态和静态过程压力平衡关系的具体设计方法。