Electrochemical behavior of a new type of perfluorinated carboxylate membrane/platinum composite

A new type of ionomeric polymer–metal composite (IPMC) based on various compositions of perfluoroalkylacrylate‐acryl acid copolymer with different types of counter cation has been synthesized by a radical copolymerization of fluoroalkylacrylate (FA) and acrylic acid (AA). Swelling behavior of the membranes was studied in deionized water as well as in aqueous single salt solutions (LiCl and NaCl). Swell of membrane increased with the increase in ionic content of the copolymer. Swell in deionized water was much higher than in aqueous single salt solution. To examine its performance as a new electroactive polymer, actuation force and displacement responses to DC and step voltage across the IPMC were measured. Results indicated that membranes prepared from 75/25 (FA/AA) (FA25) gave an adequate flexibility and proper hydrated state, allowing easy deflection toward the applied voltage. Surface morphology measurements (atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy) showed that platinum particles are predominantly located at the surfaces. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2006     

用RP-HPLC法测定环合酯中的1-环丙基-6,7-二氟-1,4-二氢-8-甲氧基-4-氧代-3-喹啉羧酸乙酯的含量

建立了以甲醇-水为流动相,使用C18柱进行分离的反向液相色谱法测定环合酯中的1-环丙基-6,7-二氟-1,4-二氢-8-甲氧基-4-氧代-3-喹啉羧酸乙酯含量的分析方法,检测波长为254 nm,甲醇与水的比例为80∶20,柱温为40℃。方法的RSD=0.85%,加标回收率为98.0%~99.8%,最低检测限为0.06μg/mL。该方法操作简便、快速、准确。     

1-环丙基-6,7-二氟-1,4-二氢-8-甲氧基-4-氧代-3-喹啉硼二乙酯的合成研究

用螯合法把化合物1-环丙基-6,7-二氟-1,4-二氢-8-甲氧基-4-氧代-3-喹啉羧酸乙酯(DFQ-Et)螯合制得硼螯合物(1-环丙基-6,7-二氟-1,4-二氢-8-甲氧基-4-氧代-3-喹啉羧硼二乙酯)[DFQ-B(OAc)2],并考察了此步反应在DMF、DMSO等不同溶媒以及不同温度和不同时间时的反应情况。筛选结果显示,此步缩合反应的溶媒采用DMSO,所得产物(粗品)的纯度可达到大于90.0%(HPLC归一法)。总收率92.4%。该工艺反应条件温和,原料易得,操作简便,产率高,成本较低,适合工业化生产。     

缓蚀型天然气减阻剂Mannich碱-苯甲酸盐的合成及其成膜性能

目的合成一种缓蚀型天然气减阻剂,满足新旧天然气管道增大输气量、季节性调峰和安全稳定运行的需求。方法通过亲核加成反应,合成缓蚀型天然气减阻剂——1,4-双(苯基亚甲基-N,N'-二正丁基胺)哌嗪四苯甲酸盐(BPDBPB)。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、~1H核磁共振波谱(NMR)和元素分析(ELA)对化合物进行结构表征,应用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电化学阻抗法和极化法对其成膜性能和稳定性进行测试。结果 FTIR,~1H NMR和ELA测试证实,所得到的产品为设计的目标化合物。减阻剂BPDBPB喷涂在钢片表面后形成了一层致密的保护膜,使钢片表面粗糙程度大大降低。电化学阻抗测试中,BPDBPB在铁电极表面成膜后,自高频区向低频区形成了两个连续的容抗弧,高频区形成的容抗弧较小,低频区形成的容抗弧较大。电化学极化测试中,与空白电极相比,BPDBPB成膜后的阳极极化曲线略变陡,自腐蚀电位值增大了0.092 V,自腐蚀电流减小了0.71×10~(-5)A。结论所合成的减阻剂具有较好的成膜性,可大幅度降低钢片表面的粗糙度,且所形成的膜结构具有较好的稳定性。     

基于离子超分子网络实现自修复天然橡胶的制备

将甲基丙烯酸锌（ZDMA）或聚（甲基丙烯酸锌）低聚物（PM）引入到天然橡胶中,同时并用炭黑/白炭黑与天然橡胶共混,制备一种具有自修复性能的耐屈挠疲劳橡胶。研究结果表明,与PM相比,ZDMA可形成以离子交联为主的可逆超分子网络,赋予了硫化胶更好的自修复功能,当其用量为40份（质量）时硫化胶的自修复效率最高,接近100%。不饱和羧酸盐（ZDMA或PM）与传统填料（炭黑和白炭黑）并用时,PM仅在前期可有效抑制裂纹的扩展,ZDMA可明显提高材料的耐屈挠疲劳性能,当m（ZDMA）/m（炭黑）为20/40时硫化胶的耐屈挠疲劳性能最好。     

羧酸盐型Gemini表面活性性剂的合成及表征

以脂肪胺、三聚氯氰、二乙醇胺、丁二酸酐为原料,三步法合成了,2种表面活性剂,用。HNMR、ESI—MS、IR对产物进行了表征,并用吊片法考察了目标产物水溶液的表面活性。实验结果表明,目标产物具有较好的表面活性,25℃时DXCeA和DXC。A的最低表面张力（7cmc）分别为31．85mN／m和28．76mN／m,临界胶束浓度（CMC）分别为2．32×10-4mol／L和1．41×10-5mol／L,表面活性优于传统表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）。     

Properties of Didecyldimethylammonium Formate and Sodium Fatty Alcohol Ether Carboxylate Mixed Systems

The surface activities and application properties of didecyldimethylammonium formate (DDAF) and sodium fatty alcohol ether carboxylate (AEC-9Na) mixed systems were measured. The results showed that the critical micelle concentration and surface tension of mixed systems have lower values than that of a single surfactant solution, which is attributed to the synergism of DDAF and AEC-9Na. It was found that the emulsifying properties for kerosene and wetting properties of the mixed systems were also better than single component surfactants. In addition, the mixed systems of AEC-9Na (16 wt%) with DDAF showed both better detergency and excellent antibacterial properties.     

氨基葡萄糖癸酸盐的合成与性能研究

氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐与三乙胺在乙醇-水相条件下生成氨基葡萄糖（GA）,GA再与癸酸反应,合成了一种氨基葡萄糖为反离子的脂肪羧酸盐表面活性剂——氨基葡萄糖癸酸盐（GAD）。采用红外光谱和N元素含量分析对GAD进行了结构表征,并测试了其表面性能。结果表明：25℃下,GAD的临界胶束浓度（CMC）为8.51×10-4mol/L,临界胶束浓度所对应的表面张力（γCMC）为30.1 mN/m,饱和吸附量（Γmax）为4.33×10-10mol/cm2,饱和吸附分子面积（Amin）为0.38 nm2;GAD具有一定的泡沫性能,并对液体石蜡具有较好的乳化能力;与Tween 80、十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱（BS-12）和十六烷基三甲基氯化铵（1631）等助剂配伍良好,无分层现象。     

新型高效聚丙烯β晶型成核剂

采用差示扫描量热仪和广角X射线衍射仪考察了降冰片烯十二酰胺酸的不同金属盐对聚丙烯晶型结构的影响。结果表明,0.2 ％（质量分数,下同）的降冰片烯十二酰胺酸锌盐（NBDA30）能够诱导聚丙烯产生高含量的β晶型（k值为81.7 ％）。在此基础上进一步研究了N BDA30的添加含量对聚丙烯力学性能和结晶性能的影响。结果表明,当成核剂添加量超过0.4 ％时,聚丙烯的冲击强度和结晶温度开始提高,球晶尺寸开始减小;冲击强度最大值在0.8 ％时取得,冲击强度从纯聚丙烯的31.8 J/m提高到91.0 J/m,提高幅度约为3倍;同时NBDA30成核聚丙烯的拉伸强度和弯曲模量没有明显降低。