热改性凹土复合聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂在受污河水处理中的应用

热改性凹土复合聚丙烯酰胺合成新型复合絮凝剂,通过FT-IR红外光谱分析,热改性凹士与聚丙烯酰胺进行了有效接枝聚合.复合絮凝剂对受污河水的COD和浊度的去除实验结果表明,复合絮凝剂投加量50 mg/L时,受污河水的COD和浊度的去除效果最好,COD的去除率达到45.6％,浊度的去除率达到66.3％,复合絮凝剂中凹土和PAM协同效应显著.     

基于激光吸收光谱技术的超声速气流参数测量

采用可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)技术,针对超声速直连台隔离段内超声速气流温度、组分浓度、速度和质量流量进行了测量.选择H2O的两条吸收谱线7 185.597 cm-1和7 454.445 cm-1,采用直接吸收-分时扫描方式,测量流场静温为899 K,并结合吸收面积得到H2O的组分浓度20.7%.根据安装在流场上游和下游成60的两条光路,测量流场速度为1 205 m/s,结合壁面压力传感器,测量流场的质量流量为1 500.49 g/s,较真实值偏差为5.23%.TDLAS测量系统实现了对超声速气流多参数快速线测量.     

滚动扩边稀井区的沉积微相刻画方法研究

针对开发区周边稀井区井控程度低,沉积刻画精度与已开发区存在较大差距的问题,分析不同沉积微相在砂岩厚度、地震波阻抗等方面存在的差异,统计开发区不同沉积微相的砂岩参数,建立不同微相所对应的砂岩数据库;以地震属性预测的平面上扇体展布控制规模为基础,通过微相知识库分析地震反演所表征的稀井区沉积砂体发育特征,确定砂体的微相类型;从顺物源、垂直物源砂体延伸规模作为微相展布范围,实现稀井区沉积微相的定量刻画。研究表明:通过A区块密井网区辫状河三角洲微相的单砂体厚度、累积概率、反演的波阻抗值等参数可有效表征不同沉积微相砂体发育特征,其中,水下分流河道和河口坝在砂岩参数上具有明显的优势;建立沉积微相知识库结合地震属性预测的稀井区沉积微相刻画方法可以有效提高稀井区沉积微相刻画精度,符合率达到91%,稀井区有利沉积微相类型主要富集在A5和A02等井区。研究成果应用于A区块周边的稀井区滚动评价部署及方案部署,取得较好效果,累计建成产能2.35×10⁴t,提交探明储量超过200×10⁴t。研究成果可为老油田稳产增产提供有力支撑。     

Correlation of some organic pollution factors in water systems in Northern Greece

The degree of organic pollution in natural waters of northern Greece has been evaluated through measurement of TOC, DO, fluorescence, absorbance and complexing capacity. Additionally certain other parameters were measured like temperature, conductance, hardness, alkalinity and total iron content to get a better idea of the extent of pollution. The results showed that Lake Agios Vasilios was the most heavily polluted. On the other hand the River Loudias has greater organic charge than the River Axios.     

浅析水生植物在生态河道中的作用与选择

生态河道是人与自然和谐相处的子系统，而水生植物是河道生态自我修复的基础。本文综合分析了生态河道的内涵，阐述了水生植物在河道生态系统中的作用，并就水生植物的选择与注意事项进行探讨．旨在为生态河道的研究提供参考。     

实现城市河道长效管理的有效途径

提出了河道长效管理的内涵,指出以河道长效管理水平及长效管理的效果来表征河道长效管理的目标,并给出相关的指标;探讨了实现河道长效管理的有效途径,提出应做到河道管理的专业化、规范化、社会化、科学化、法治化、河道保洁和养护的市场化及资金来源的多元化。     

河流治理与管理评价指标体系探讨

建国以来浙江省河流治理取得了良好效果,为满足社会经济持续发展的需要,河流治理和管理任务依然很重.为对河流治理的综合效果进行全面、客观的评价,依据新时期浙江省河流治理与管理的主要任务,选择了29项指标构建了多层结构的评价体系,并对指标定义、评价标准进行了探讨.     

浅谈南流江河流健康的修复和保护

南流江是广西沿海独流入海河流中最大的一条,由于流域人口稠密,经济发展,对水体的污染和河道开发不当严重影响健康河流的生命.从河流健康生命的内涵以及可持续发展的要求探讨了南流江健康河流的标准,提出了修复和保持南流江健康河流的工程措施和管理要求.     

长洲水利枢纽工程二期内江截流设计

长洲水利枢纽二期导流围内江,坝址属软基河床,龙口段覆盖层为含泥砂卵砾平均厚度达9 m,上游龙口采用单向从左岸向右岸立堵进占,龙口进占时龙口处河床冲刷较深.右岸预进占段裹头保护,龙口不护底,通过加大抛投强度和抛投特殊料物等措施,达到快速合龙的目的.对软基河床的截流设计与施工有借鉴价值.     

Longitudinal changes in macroinvertebrate assemblages in the Meuse River: anthropogenic effects versus natural change

A collaborative study among three nations (France, Belgium, Netherlands) along the Meuse River developed a consistent approach for collecting and interpreting macroinvertebrate data. Specific mesohabitats were sampled in 16 locations along an 800‐km stretch of this lowland regulated river. The objective was to assess the ‘river health’ using macroinvertebrate communities as indicators of biological and ecological variation in space. The main changes in assemblages were investigated using multimetric and multivariate approaches. The authors examined relationships between faunal variations and both physico‐chemical gradients and man‐made disturbances. We related species traits to faunal changes and habitat characteristics. Both a gradual shift from a macroinvertebrate assemblage dominated by insects to a community dominated by crustaceans and molluscs and a drastic decrease in biotic index values were observed along the longitudinal gradient. Taxa were distributed according to oxygen, nitrate and ammonium concentrations, pH, conductivity and summer hydraulic conditions. But major faunal differences among sites could not be explained simply by physico‐chemical variables. The trait analysis underlined the role of temporary habitats in structuring the summer macroinvertebrate community of sites of the uppermost French sector, which supported the most diverse community in terms of trait combination. Downstream the macroinvertebrate community exhibited a more simple and less stable functional organization. We concluded that the Meuse River exhibited both a high biodiversity and a ‘reasonably good’ water quality in the upper reaches. Two transition zones highlighted the influence of a high degree of human impact on stream integrity. Regulation for navigation, ship traffic and heavily polluted effluent discharges influenced instream conditions via multiple processes determining a decline of both habitat stability and diversity. However, the rare occurrence of habitat‐sensitive species in the lower reaches indicated that a partial recovery of communities may be predicted if restoration and protection of disturbed (especially riparian) habitats are fulfilled. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.