柱状活性炭电热再生技术的试验研究

以北京某水厂常年吸附饱和的活性炭为研究对象，对静止和流动两种状态下饱和活性炭的电阻率随温度的变化进行对比，同时探究活性炭电热再生炉的再生机理，考察不同温度条件下的再生效果。结果表明，在流动状态下，饱和活性炭的电阻率随温度升高而降低的效果更好。实验所用电热再生炉就是利用这一性质实现活性炭的高温再生。再生取样结果表明，850 ℃的再生效果最好，其再生炭的碘吸附值和亚甲蓝吸附值分别达到新炭的91.1%和92.7%。     

SiC fiber with low electrical resistivity and oxygen content

A new SiC fiber was prepared by the pyrolysis of polycarbosilane(PCS) fiber cured with unsaturated hydrocarbons.The fiber,with oxygen content of 4-6 wt%,offers high tensile strength of 2.5-2.8 GPa.The electrical resistivity of the fiber is only about 0.5 Ω·cm,much lower than general SiC fiber obtained from traditional air curing process.Degradation of mechanical property in argon and air at high temperature is retarded by 200-300℃ with respect to the Nicalon NL-202 fiber.The low electrical resistivity of th...     

国外方位电阻率测井调查分析

从国外斯伦贝谢公司发表的两种方位电阻率成像测井仪ＡＲＩ和ＨＡＬＳ有关文献出发，全面分析，总结了这两种方位电阻率成像测井仪的工作原理，探测能力，优缺点，以及它们在裂缝，薄层识别评价和计算地层倾角等的应用。     

跨孔超高密度电阻率CT法在建筑物旧有桩基探测中的应用研究

目前,地铁隧道下穿已有建筑物桩基础的工程越来越多,探测和确定桩基参数是隧道施工的首要任务。针对建筑物旧有桩基及障碍物探测,常规地面物探技术很难保证探测的精确性,且物探方法应用较少,本文采用跨孔超高密度电阻率CT法研究建筑桩基的人工宜流电场分布规律与特征。首先简述了超高密度电阻率CT法的原理及技术蒔点,对不同尺寸的单桩、多桩桩基进行地电模型的数值模拟。然后将跨孔超高密度电阻率CT法应用在深圳市地铁9号线泥红区间下穿九明大厦桩基探测中,把观测结果进行数值滤波和反演计算,求解出桩基础的介电特性探测剖面,并与桩基地电模型的数值模拟结果进行对比和校核,最终确认了旧有桩基的直径和埋深,为地下隧道工程的施工提供了参考和依据。与以往常用的CT法工作不同,本次研究综合运用了现场CT勘测与理论有限元分析手段,将理论解析与工程实际应用相结合,验证了桩基地电数值模拟的有效性,同时解决了工程中桩基尺寸与埋深问题。取得了较好的应用效果,为盾构区间施工提供详细的桩基参数。结果表明,该方法在建筑物旧有桩基探测及障碍物探测中具有一定的应用和推广价值。     

钠钙玻璃熔体电阻率测量影响因素及边界条件研究

玻璃熔体电阻率是设计玻璃电熔窑或电助熔窑的关键参数之一,研究玻璃熔体电阻率测量的边界条件对获得精确电阻率值极其重要。本文基于欧姆定律,构建玻璃熔体电阻率测量装置,探讨了馈入电压、交流电频率、试样颗粒尺寸和填充率等因素对钠钙玻璃熔体在900~1 450 ℃电阻特性的影响。结果显示,当馈入电压为2~10 V,交流电频率为1 kHz,试样颗粒尺寸为830~1 700 μm,填充率为80%,降温速率为2 ℃/min时,电阻率测量结果的误差在各温度段都小于1。该研究可以为玻璃熔体电阻率测量提供参考,进而支撑玻璃电熔窑及电助熔窑电加热系统的设计,实现难熔及易挥发玻璃的熔化。     

磷建筑石膏对超硫酸盐水泥水化的影响

本文采用不同掺量的磷建筑石膏(CPG)、粒化高炉矿渣和熟石灰制备超硫酸盐水泥(SSC),通过测试水泥浆体的水化热、电阻率、化学收缩、水化产物、孔溶液pH值和抗压强度的变化规律,研究了CPG掺量对SSC水化性能的影响规律。结果表明:当CPG掺量从0%(质量分数,下同)增大到20% 时,水泥浆体的第三放热峰出现时间延迟,3 d放热量与14 d化学收缩均增大,3 d电阻率减小,28 d孔溶液pH值从11.95减小到10.80;掺入CPG会促进钙矾石的生成;当CPG掺量为10%时,试件的28 d抗压强度最大,达到23.8 MPa。     

Controlling the electrical resistivity of porous silicon carbide ceramics and their applications: A review

Porous silicon carbide (SiC)-based ceramics are widely used in numerous applications of technical importance owing to their exceptional structural (e.g., excellent chemical, mechanical, and thermal stability) and functional (e.g., controlled electrical resistivity) properties. Porous SiC with controlled electrical resistivity is required for various advanced applications, for example, power electronic devices, semiconductor processing parts, fusion reactors, thermoelectric energy conversion, electromagnetic shielding, and environmental applications such as heatable filters. The electrical properties of sintered porous SiC are significantly affected by its chemical composition, processing conditions, and microstructure. This article reviews the influence of certain critical factors, such as the polytype, doping conditions, porosity (%), additive composition (oxide additives, element additives, metal nitride/carbide additives, etc.), and processing conditions on the electrical resistivity of porous SiC. Novel applications of porous SiC with controlled electrical resistivity are also discussed in this review.     

退火处理对Cu、CuNi薄膜及其热电偶电性能的影响

采用磁控溅射法在单晶硅片基底上制备多个Cu薄膜和CuNi薄膜,对其进行退火处理,分析不同退火温度对薄膜电阻率的影响。结果显示,随着退火温度的升高,两种薄膜的电阻率逐渐减小,且Cu薄膜的电阻率变化较CuNi薄膜更为明显。在镀有SiO2绝缘膜的硅片基底上制备T型(Cu/CuNi)薄膜热电偶,并进行退火处理,对退火前后的热电偶进行静态标定。实验数据表明,T型薄膜热电偶经过退火处理后,灵敏度由退火前38.35μV/℃增大到44.10μV/℃。     

Numerical simulation of high-resolution azimuthal resistivity laterolog response in fractured reservoirs

The high-resolution azimuthal resistivity laterolog response in a fractured formation was numerically simulated using a three-dimensional finite element method.Simulation results show that the azimuthal resistivity is determined by fracture dipping as well as dipping direction,while the amplitude differences between deep and shallow laterolog resistivities are mainly controlled by the former.A linear relationship exists between the corrected apparent conductivities and fracture aperture.With the same fracture aperture,the deep and shallow laterolog resistivities present small values with negative separations for low-angle fractures,while azimuthal resistivities have large variations with positive separations for high-angle fractures that intersect the borehole.For dipping fractures,the variation of the azimuthal resistivity becomes larger when the fracture aperture increases.In addition,for high-angle fractures far from the borehole,a negative separation between the deep and shallow resistivities exists when fracture aperture is large as well as high resistivity contrast exists between bedrock and fracture fluid.The decreasing amplitude of dual laterolog resistivity can indicate the aperture of low-angle fractures,and the variation of the deep azimuthal resistivity can give information of the aperture of high-angle fractures and their position relative to the borehole.     

DB油田长2低阻油层组解释方法的改进

DB油田延长组长2油层组为典型低阻油层,电阻率对地层含油性变化不敏感,新测井技术资料偏少,且现有测井方法精细评价低阻地层较困难。为解决低阻给测井解释带来的困扰,在大量岩石物理实验基础上,结合测井参数响应特征,将长2油层组低阻的主要影响因素分析归纳为高不动水饱和度、高地层水矿化度、弱油水分异作用及特殊岩性;建立了长2油层组砂岩泥质含量解释模型和孔隙度解释模型;利用排除法,分步实现油、水流体识别,建立了一套符合区域地质规律的长2低阻油层解释方法,从而提高了测井解释符合率,节约了勘探成本。