中水回用于循环冷却水系统的研究

华能北京热电厂采用城市中水作为循环冷却水的补水,在补水氨氮超标的情况下循环水系统运行指标(包括腐蚀率和微生物)均超标。对城市中水回用于火电厂循环冷却水系统出现的氨氮超标造成的危害进行了描述,对氨氮在循环水中的转化进行了分析,采用投加杀菌缓蚀剂对现场进行了处理,并且对处理过程的现象和原因进行了分析,现场情况证明采取的措施较为合理,维护了系统的正常运行,为相关系统提供了处理的参考依据。     

外碳源投量对亚硝酸型反硝化过程N2O释放影响

为实现N_2O的减量化控制或资源化利用,接种普通活性污泥,以乙酸钠和硝酸盐为基质,通过淘洗反硝化聚磷菌,在SBR中以厌氧/缺氧交替运行的方式启动內源反硝化,单周期内约50%的NO-3-N转化为NO-2-N,N_2O释放速率随着亚硝酸的积累逐渐增大,N_2O转化率(释放量占TN去除的比例)为2.04%.在此基础上,分别取缺氧末和厌氧末污泥,对比研究胞内聚合物PHB合成前后,外碳源投加量(碳氮比为0,0.75和2.50)对亚硝酸型反硝化过程N_2O释放特性的影响,结果表明,外碳源存在时,N_2O释放量随总碳源的增加呈略微减少的趋势,转化率在0.24%~1.61%;而当仅利用內源物质进行反硝化时,N_2O的转化率高达15.90%,单位SS最大释放速率达71.29μg/(min·g),释放量是其余条件下的14~26倍.表明单独利用PHB进行亚硝酸型反硝化会大幅增加N_2O的释放.     

Antioxidant effect of turmeric powder,nitrite and ascorbic acid on stored chicken mince

This investigation was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant effect of turmeric (turmeric 1000 ppm, turmeric 5000 ppm), nitrite (nitrite 200 ppm) and ascorbic acid (ascorbic acid 500 ppm) on raw minced chicken stored at 4 ± 1 °C. Physicochemical properties [pH, water activity, cooking loss, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, peroxide value (PV), free fatty acid (FFA)] were evaluated on 0, 2, 4 and 6th day of storage. Highly significant differences (P < 0.01) in pH, TBA value, PV and FFA value were noticed between treatments and between storage periods. TBA values were observed to be lowest for nitrite 200 ppm and then turmeric 5000 ppm, and there was no significant difference between nitrite 200 ppm and turmeric 5000 ppm, and both were superior to ascorbic acid 500 ppm and turmeric 1000 ppm. Among different treatments, PV was found to be lowest in turmeric 5000 ppm and highest in nitrite 200 ppm. FFA value was found to be lowest in turmeric 5000 ppm and highest in ascorbic acid 500 ppm among all treated samples. It can be concluded that turmeric has potential to replace synthetic antioxidants presently used in meat processing with many added advantages.     

Flavin-Dependent Enzymes in Cancer Prevention

Statistical studies have demonstrated that various agents may reduce the risk of cancer’s development. One of them is activity of flavin-dependent enzymes such as flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO)_GS-OX1, FAD-dependent 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and flavin-dependent monoamine oxidase. In the last decade, many papers concerning their structure, reaction mechanism and role in the cancer prevention were published. In our work, we provide a more in-depth analysis of flavin-dependent enzymes and their contribution to the cancer prevention. We present the actual knowledge about the glucosinolate synthesized by flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO)_GS-OX1 and its role in cancer prevention, discuss the influence of mutations in FAD-dependent 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase on the cancer risk, and describe FAD as an important cofactor for the demethylation of histons. We also present our views on the role of riboflavin supplements in the prevention against cancer.     

Nitrites Derived From Foneiculum Vulgare (Fennel) Seeds Promotes Vascular Functions

Abstract: Recent evidence has demonstrated that nitrites play an important role in the cardiovascular system. Fennel (Foneiculum vulgare) seeds are often used as mouth fresheners after a meal in both the Indian sub‐continent and around the world. The present study aims to quantify the nitrite and nitrates in fennel seeds as well as elucidating the effect of fennel derived‐nitrites on vascular functions. Results from our study show that fennel seeds contain significantly higher amount of nitrites when compared to other commonly used post‐meal seeds. Furthermore our study confirmed the functional effects of fennel derived‐nitrites using in vitro and ex vivo models that describe the promotion of angiogenesis, cell migration, and vasorelaxation. We also showed that chewing fennel seeds enhanced nitrite content of saliva. Thus our study indicates the potential role of fennel derived‐nitrites on the vascular system. Practical Application: This study is focused on determining the effect of fennel‐derived nitrites on angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels from pre‐existing ones), cell migration, and vasorelaxation (dilation of blood vessels) thereby preserving cardiovascular health.     

通过核糖核苷酸还原酶M2逆转肝癌细胞对5-氟尿嘧啶耐药

目的：探讨核糖核苷酸还原酶M2（RRM2）在肝癌细胞对5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）耐药中的作用,并开发潜在的策略来提高肝癌细胞对5-FU的敏感性。方法：利用Western blot检测5-FU耐药肝癌细胞（BEL/5-FU）与非耐药肝癌细胞（BEL7402）中RRM2蛋白的表达差异;通过用RNA干扰技术下调BEL/5-FU细胞中RRM2的表达或RRM2抑制剂3-AP（Triapine）抑制RRM2活性;CCK-8和集落形成实验用于检测细胞的增殖能力;使用高内涵细胞成像系统仪检测与分析细胞凋亡。结果：BEL/5-FU细胞中RRM2的表达量是BEL7402细胞的2.5倍。RNA干扰技术能够下调BEL/5-FU细胞中RRM2的表达,并使5-FU对BEL/5-FU细胞的半数抑制浓度（IC50）下降约50%,同时细胞集落形成能力也显著减弱。3-AP与5-FU联合处理BEL/5-FU细胞,使5-FU对BEL/5-FU细胞的IC50下降约40%,细胞集落形成能力减弱,并促进5-FU导致的细胞凋亡。结论：RRM2与肝癌细胞对5-FU的耐药相关,本研究通过抑制RRM2的活性来逆转肝癌细胞对5-FU的耐药,为提高肝癌的5-FU化疗疗效提供新靶点和新思路。     

Traumatic Acid Reduces Oxidative Stress and Enhances Collagen Biosynthesis in Cultured Human Skin Fibroblasts

Traumatic acid (TA) is a plant hormone (cytokinin) that in terms of chemical structure belongs to the group of fatty acids derivatives. It was isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris. TA activity and its influence on human cells and organism has not previously been the subject of research. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of TA on collagen content and basic oxidative stress parameters, such as antioxidative enzyme activity, reduced glutathione, thiol group content, and lipid peroxidation in physiological conditions. The results show a stimulatory effect of TA on tested parameters. TA caused a decrease in membrane phospholipid peroxidation and exhibited protective properties against ROS production. It also increases protein and collagen biosynthesis and its secretion into the culture medium. The present findings reveal that TA exhibits multiple and complex activity in fibroblast cells in vitro. TA, with its activity similar to unsaturated fatty acids, shows antioxidant and stimulatory effects on collagen biosynthesis. It is a potentially powerful agent with applications in the treatment of many skin diseases connected with oxidative stress and collagen biosynthesis disorders.     

重组短链脱氢酶LcSDR催化(R)-1-苯基乙醇不对称合成的工艺开发

采用基因挖掘技术从Lactobacillus composti基因组中筛选到一条编码短链脱氢酶(LcSDR)的序列,该LcSDR能不对称还原苯乙酮(1a)合成(R)-1-苯基乙醇[(R)-1b]。构建了Lc SDR和葡萄糖脱氢酶(EsGDH)双酶偶联催化合成体系,优化了Lc SDR不对称还原1a合成(R)-1b的催化工艺参数。在较佳催化条件下,50 g/L1a转化反应2 h,产物(R)-1b得率93.8%,产物对映体过量值(eep)高于99%,该手性生物合成催化过程的时空产率达到562.8 g/(L·d)。