天然染料银杏叶上染棉织物的媒染工艺研究

对棉织物进行银杏叶天然染料媒染染色,同时考察银杏叶媒染后织物的色牢度.探讨了明矾、硫酸铜两种媒染剂对棉织物银杏叶染色性能的影响;通过正交设计试验,确定了媒染最佳工艺条件.试验结果表明,明矾媒染最佳工艺为染色温度70℃、媒染时间25 min、媒染剂质量浓度10 g/L;硫酸铜媒染最佳工艺为染色温度60℃、媒染时间25 m...     

Inhibition and recovery of cucumber roots given multiple treatments of ferulic acid in nutrient culture

Ferulic acid, a frequently cited allelopathic agent, inhibited photosynthesis, leaf expansion, and root elongation of cucumber seedlings grown in aerated nutrient cultures in a growth chamber. Other effects were a reduction in the proportion of radioactivity fixed by photosynthesis translocated to roots, a stimulation in secondary root initiation, and an increase in root-shoot ratios. Inhibition of leaf expansion and root elongation induced by multiple ferulic acid treatments was rapidly lost once ferulic acid was removed from the root environment. The changes in general root morphology, i.e., average root length and root number, associated with ferulic acid treatments, were partially reversed or not affected when ferulic acid was removed from the root environment.Paper No. 11411 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7601. The use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement by the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service of the products named, nor criticism of similar ones not mentioned.     

甜菜雄性不育系及保持系花期蛋白差异分析

为揭示甜菜雄性不育的原因,从蛋白质组学角度对甜菜细胞质雄性不育进行研究,利用双向电泳与MALDI-TOF-MS方法,对Owen型甜菜质核互作型雄性不育系DY5-CMS及同型保持系DY5-O花粉发育3个阶段(雄蕊原基分化期、四分体时期和单核时期)的花蕾蛋白差异表达进行研究．结果表明： 在雄蕊原基分化期花蕾中鉴定出6个差异蛋白,在四分体时期鉴定出4个差异蛋白,这些蛋白多数与呼吸和能量代谢有关,推测甜菜细胞质雄性不育可能是花粉发育早期(雄蕊原基分化期和四分体时期)与能量和呼吸代谢有关的蛋白表达上调导致呼吸和能量代谢紊乱造成的;在花粉发育的单核时期鉴定出6个差异蛋白,这些蛋白主要与植物的光合作用有关,推测到花粉发育后期雄性不育性状已形成,雄性不育导致植物光合机能下降．     

丝瓜藤和叶中齐墩果酸的提取与含量分析

采用超声波辅助提取法优选提取工艺、比色法测定齐墩果酸的含量.通过单因素和正交试验设计法考察了乙醇体积分数、固液比、提取温度和提取时间对丝瓜叶中齐墩果酸提取率的影响.优化得到的提取工艺为：乙醇体积分数75％,固液比（g/mL）1∶40,提取温度70℃,提取时间70 min.齐墩果酸在3.3 μg/mL∽20.0 μg/mL （r=0.997 9,n=6）范围内浓度与吸光度呈良好的线性关系.丝瓜藤和丝瓜叶中齐墩果酸的含量分别是3.82 mg/g,3.24 mg/g.丝瓜藤中齐墩果酸含量高于丝瓜叶中的含量.所优化的工艺稳定、可行,该法测定齐墩果酸的含量,重复性较好.     

紫苏叶促进大鼠肠胃消化吸收作用的研究

研究紫苏叶促进肠蠕动与健胃消食的作用。实验分成两大组（A组,B组）。A组SD大鼠68只,随机分8组：阴性对照组、阳性对照组（1．4g／kg）、紫苏叶石油醚提取物低剂量组（15g／kg）、中剂量组（30g／kg）、高剂量组（60g／kg）,乙醇提取物低剂量组（10g／kg）、中剂量组（20g／kg）、高剂量组（30g／kg）。连续给药10d,测大鼠小肠碳末推进百分率。B组SD大鼠56只,随机分7组：阴性对照组、紫苏叶石油醚提取物及乙醇提取物大、中、小剂量组。连续给药8d,测大鼠胃部总酸度和总酸排出量。结果表明：与阴性对照组相比,各剂量组大鼠小肠碳末推进百分率与总酸排出量均增高（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）。紫苏叶的石油醚提取物及乙醇提取物具有促进肠胃消化吸收的作用。     

菠菜叶片线粒体DNA的提取及RAPD分析

以菠菜叶片为实验材料,采用差速离心法、DNaseI处理得到无核污染的线粒体、以SDS法去除蛋白,消化RNA得到单纯的菠菜叶片mtDNA,通过对mtDNA纯度的测定,从而建立了菠菜叶mtDNA快速、高效的提取技术体系;同时选取30个引物对三种菠菜mtDNA进行RAPD扩增,对提取的mtDNA体系进行了RAPD分析,结果表明,由引物S7、S16、S21、S24扩增出的条带清晰、多态性较好,片段大小在200~2000 bp之间,表明菠菜各品种的mtDNA各碱基序列上的多态性,是各品种之间进化凸现的原因之一。本研究建立的试验方法耗时短、对离心机的要求不高,并且提取的mtDNA产率高、结构也比较完整。     

复杂背景下小麦叶部病害图像分割方法研究

针对复杂背景下小麦叶部病害图像分割问题,以小麦条锈病、叶锈病为研究对象,提出一种结合K-means聚类、Otsu阈值法等多种方法的分割策略。主要分三个步骤将小麦病斑图像分割出来:首先,利用背景与叶片a*b*分量的差异性,采用K-means聚类分割方法,去除泥土、杂草、阴影等背景,分割出小麦植株图像;其次,利用Otsu动态阈值法进行二值化处理,并结合数学形态学运算及面积阈值法分割出带有病斑的主要小麦病害叶片图像;最后,采用K-means算法对小麦病害叶片图像进行聚类运算,最终分割出小麦病斑图像。利用该方法进行分割实验,分割准确率达到95%以上,分割效果理想,为小麦叶部病害图像分割提供了参考,也为后续的小麦病害识别和诊断提供了基础。     

基于计算机图形和多孔介质的树冠孔隙率反演

树冠孔隙率(GF)决定了光和气流穿过树冠与植被元素相互作用进行光合作用和蒸腾的传输情况,在多孔介质理论启发下,受计算机图形学的启发,将树冠中的植被元素定量为固体矩阵,将树冠中的缝隙作为孔隙来指导GF计算。通过从地面激光扫描数据中提取单个叶片,并采用拟合算法去除噪声和描绘叶片边缘,创新地定义了叶片卷曲和下垂程度的等效厚度,并从拟合点中计算出来。然后,用自适应尺寸分配的六边形棱镜包住每片叶子的扫描点,用圆柱体模型拟合每个枝干,以计算树冠的等效叶子和枝干体积。结果显示,分割的叶片数为紫薇(1193片)、樱花(2540片)以及含笑(379片),估计的GF分别为：紫薇0.990,樱花树0.976,含笑0.978。     

Chemiotropic behavior of female olive fly (Bactrocera oleae GMEL.) onOlea europaea L

An interpretation is given of a number of observations on the chemiotropic behavior ofBactrocera oleae in connection with olive maceration water and the fly's return to the olive groves after the first summer rains. To this end, the headspace of both maceration water and leaf leaching water, simulating rainfall, were examined. In both cases, the presence of ammonia, which is generally known to attract fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae), was detected and, for the first time, in addition to other compounds that are inert for the fly, the presence of styrene was also detected. This aromatic hydrocarbon was found to be a strong attractant. It is shown that both ammonia and styrene are products of the metabolism of microbial flora present on the olive and leaf surface.     

Leaf movement simulation

This paper presents a method for the animation of leaf movement.Leaves are classified into two classes:moveable and non-moveable.For moveable leaves,their movements consist of two parts:leafstalk rotation and leaf surface rotation.For each rotation,a movement model was constructed and the movement was computed based on each model,respectively.The final leaf movements were obtained by superposition of these two rotations.The method‘s principle is simple and easy to use.