全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5114篇 |
免费 | 976篇 |
国内免费 | 253篇 |
学科分类
工业技术 | 6343篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 17篇 |
2023年 | 175篇 |
2022年 | 154篇 |
2021年 | 254篇 |
2020年 | 276篇 |
2019年 | 262篇 |
2018年 | 232篇 |
2017年 | 314篇 |
2016年 | 279篇 |
2015年 | 284篇 |
2014年 | 338篇 |
2013年 | 405篇 |
2012年 | 504篇 |
2011年 | 445篇 |
2010年 | 306篇 |
2009年 | 363篇 |
2008年 | 291篇 |
2007年 | 306篇 |
2006年 | 229篇 |
2005年 | 178篇 |
2004年 | 143篇 |
2003年 | 101篇 |
2002年 | 71篇 |
2001年 | 53篇 |
2000年 | 57篇 |
1999年 | 39篇 |
1998年 | 31篇 |
1997年 | 34篇 |
1996年 | 23篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 20篇 |
1993年 | 18篇 |
1992年 | 21篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1951年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有6343条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
Ammonium-based ionic liquid monomers and their corresponding polymers [poly(ionic liquid)s] are synthesized and characterized for CO2 sorption. The polymers have much higher CO2 sorption capacities than the room-temperature ionic liquids and imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s. For example, P[VBTMA][PF6] with polystyrene backbone has a CO2 sorption capacity of 10.67 mol%. The CO2 sorption is selective over N2 and O2. The effects of cation, backbone, substituent, anion and crosslinking on CO2 sorption are discussed. The sorption mechanism study indicates that CO2 sorption by the poly(ionic liquid)s is a bulk and surface phenomenon. 相似文献
92.
V.V. Zyryanov N.F. Uvarov V.A. Sadykov Y.V. Frolova G.M. Alikina A.I. Lukashevich M.I. Ivanovskaya J.M. Criado S. Neophytides 《Catalysis Today》2005,104(2-4):114-119
Nanopowders of LaGaO3- and LaMnO3-based complex perovskites (P) and ceria-based fluorites (F) were prepared by mechanosynthesis. Compatible nanocomposites F + P and P + P with mixed ion and electron conducting (MIEC) properties were prepared and sintered at moderate temperatures up to dense ceramics. The obtained materials were studied by means of XRD, SEM, TEM, electrical conductivity measurements, temperature programmed (TP) reduction/oxidation and preliminary estimations of permeability were obtained. A new strategy based on the advantages of the mechanochemical ceramic approach is proposed to design multilayer ceramic membranes for CMR. Casting technology and one-step sintering were used for the production of thin film membranes with MIEC properties on porous substrates. The coarse fraction of as-milled powders from agglomerates with density 70% was used for the porous substrate, and fine fractions of aggregates with sizes <1 μm were used in preparation of composites for thin dense films. Ceria-based composites prepared by the Pechini route and/or mechanochemical method are proposed as materials for protecting thin films. 相似文献
93.
A series of compounds La2Mo2−xWxO9 (x = 0-2) were synthesized using a freeze-dried precursor method at relatively low temperatures (673-823 K). These materials were characterised by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dilatometric measurements. Oxygen stoichiometry was evaluated by coulometric titration and thermogravimetric analysis at 873-1273 K. The ionic and electronic conductivities of these materials were analysed by impedance spectroscopy and a Hebb-Wagner ion-blocking method under moderately reducing conditions. The presence of W6+ leads to an increase of the stability range (about 10−16 Pa for La2Mo0.5W1.5O9 at 1073 K) and prevents oxygen loss and amorphisation. Within the stability range, the electronic conductivity increases gradually as the temperature increases and as the oxygen partial pressure reduces. This indicates that the electronic transport is mainly n-type as a result of the oxygen-content decreasing in the molybdate lattice. Further reduction of the oxygen partial pressure gave rise to the decomposition of La2Mo2−xWxO9, leading to the formation of new phases with molybdenum in lower oxidation states, which further enhances the electronic conductivity. The results of the coulometric titration and the thermogravimetric studies under a dry 5% H2/Ar flow suggest that tungsten doped lanthanum molybdate materials can be used as electrolyte only at low temperature and under moderate reducing conditions. 相似文献
94.
利用硫酸二甲酯分别与N-甲基及N-丁基咪唑在室温下反应,一步合成了离子液体1-甲基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸甲酯和1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸甲酯,测定了在不同温度下离子液体的电导率.结果表明:随着温度的升高,离子液体的电导率迅速增加;同时电导率与温度的变化关系符合多项式方程和Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher(VTF)方程. 相似文献
95.
聚电解质复合物研究现状及应用前景 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了聚电解质复全物的制务及研究方法,对影响聚电解质复合物形成及其结构的结果进行了阐述,简要介绍了其性能并对应用前景作了展望。 相似文献
96.
Zinc neutralized maleated natural rubbers (Zn‐MNR) were prepared by solution grafting and neutralization with zinc acetate in one‐step. It was later used for blending with carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) in the composition of 50/50 parts by weight. The effect of grafted anhydride content (1.2, 1.6, 2.0, and 2.5% wt of NR) on the tensile properties of ionic rubber blends (Zn‐MNR/XNBR) was investigated. The tensile strength of the ionic blends was found to be greater than those of pure rubbers. The modulus, tensile, and tear strength of the blends dramatically increased with increasing levels of grafted anhydride. The ionic rubber blends also possessed superior physical properties compared to those of the corresponding nonionic rubber blends (MNR/XNBR). Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopic studies were performed to verify the process of mixing. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies were carried out to characterize the nature of specific intermolecular interactions between Zn‐MNR and XNBR chain segments. The results indicated that the ion‐ion (Zn+ ‐COO?) interactions between Zn‐MNR and XNBR are formed at the interface, which provides the mean of compatibilization in the ionic rubber blends. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007 相似文献
97.
介绍了盐水二次精制的工艺流程、操作方法以及树脂塔的再生原理和注意问题。通过加强对盐水二次精制生产条件和螯舍树脂再生过程的控制,提高了树脂性能,保证了螯合能力的发挥,生产的合格精制盐水满足了离子膜电解生产的要求。 相似文献
98.
The transparent and flexible solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) were fabricated from polyacrylonitrile‐polyethylene oxide (PAN‐PEO) copolymer which was synthesized by methacrylate‐headed PEO macromonomer and acrylonitrile. The formation of copolymer is confirmed by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements. The ionic conductivity was measured by alternating current (AC) impedance spectroscopy. Ionic conductivity of PAN‐PEO‐LiClO4 complexes was investigated with various salt concentration, temperatures and molecular weight of PEO (Mn). And the maximum ionic conductivity at room temperature was measured to be 3.54 × 10?4 S/cm with an [Li+]/[EO] mole ratio of about 0.1. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 461–464, 2006 相似文献
99.
Voltammetry at a glassy carbon electrode was used to study the electrochemical deposition of Cd–Te from the Lewis basic 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride/tetrafluoroborate air-stable room temperature ionic liquid between 80 °C and 140 °C. Deposition of tellurium alone occurs through a four-electron reduction of Te(iv) to Te which could be further reduced to Te(-ii) at a more negative potential. The Cd–Te electrodeposits could be obtained by the underpotential deposition (UPD) of Cd on the deposited Te. The UPD of Cd on Te was, however, limited by a slow charge transfer rate. Samples of Cd–Te electrodeposits were prepared on tungsten and titanium substrates and characterized by energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The results showed that an excess amount of Cd(ii) was required in order to prepare CdTe codeposits with a Cd/Te atomic ratio approached 1/1. The deposit composition was independent of the deposition potential within the Cd UPD range. Raising the deposition temperature increased the UPD rate of Cd and promoted the formation polycrystalline CdTe. 相似文献
100.
通过咪唑基离子液体和蒙脱土在甲苯溶液中的离子交换反应,将热稳定性高的咪唑基有机阳离子[C14mim]+交换吸附进入蒙脱土片层间,制备了蒙脱土负载的有机阳离子固体催化剂[C14mim]+/MMT。利用XRD和TGA对催化剂的结构与性能进行了表征和测定,研究了蒙脱土负载有机阳离子固体催化剂的催化性能,初步考察了其稳定性及再次使用效率。研究结果表明,[C14mim]+/MMT在合成无毒增塑剂柠檬酸三丁酯的酯化反应中表现出较高的催化活性,可循环使用。与未负载的C14mimBF4相比,[C14mim]+/MMT具有催化活性高、稳定性好和易分离的特点。 相似文献