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21.
Several studies have found that indoor air quality (IAQ) in schools is often poor and may affect the health of the pupils. Building ventilation is a means to reduce pollutants indoors, but different designs should be evaluated for their effectiveness in different environments. In a field experiment performed at four classrooms in one school building, air was supplied either in the mixing or in the displacement mode, and we collected information on exposures, pupils' perception of IAQ and climate, and health symptoms and performed clinical examinations. The room temperature, relative humidity, concentration of CO?, and cat allergen were measured at the breathing height and were similar during each ventilation mode. The children perceived IAQ were similar in the two ventilation regimes, and there were few differences in symptom reports or clinical parameters. However, the pupils reported more eye symptoms during displacement ventilation. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Both mixing and displacement ventilation may be appropriate in school classrooms as long as the overall design, ventilation rates, and maintenance of systems are satisfactory. 相似文献
22.
低过敏性花生制品开发 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
花生过敏严重影响健康.综述了花生主要过敏原及其性质、花生制品变应原性研究进展,以及低过敏性花生制品的开发途径. 相似文献
23.
A direct sampling method was developed to verify the cleanliness of stainless steel equipment used to produce peanut products. The protocol consisted of sampling the product-contact area with two Critical Swab® flat zapped-head foam swabs pre-moistened with 20 mM phosphate, pH 7.2 (PBS), mixing each swab in PBS for 1 h, and analyzing the extract for peanut residues. Quantitation of peanut residues was accomplished with a non-specific assay while SDS–PAGE was used to ensure the recovery of the allergen, Ara h 1. This sampling approach was able to recover 90–95% of the peanut proteins at sub-microgram levels and Ara h 1 at low nanogram levels directly from a stainless steel surface. 相似文献
24.
Natalija Dj Polovic Rada V Pjanovic Lidija M Burazer Sava J Velickovic Ratko M Jankov Tanja D Cirkovic Velickovic 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2009,89(1):8-14
BACKGROUND: It is thought that food sensitisers must be able to reach the intestine in order to sensitise patients. Pectin is a gel‐forming plant polysaccharide that can protect allergens from in vivo gastric digestion and in vitro pepsin digestion. The aim of this study was to examine if pectin gel formed in the acidic environment of the stomach can protect labile allergen from in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. RESULTS: Pectin forms a gel in the acidic conditions of gastric fluid up to a concentration of 1.0 ± 0.14 g L?1. Four allergenic fruits (kiwi, cherry, apple and banana) form gels in the same manner at the dilutions 14.8 ± 0.4; 8.4 ± 0.2, 9.4 ± 0.35 and 29.1 ± 0.2, respectively. The time necessary for dissolution of 50 g L?1 pectin gel in intestinal fluid was found to be 70 ± 0.2 min. Pectin gel formed in situ was able to protect Act c 1 from pepsin digestion for 1 h and from further intestinal digestion for one additional hour. CONCLUSION: Pectin gel in an acidic environment protects Act c 1 from pepsin digestion and dissolves slowly in the slightly basic environment of the intestine allowing the survival of fruit allergen for additional time and possible interaction with the gut immune system. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
25.
Hsiao-Wei Wen Wlodzimierz Borejsza-Wysocki Thomas R. DeCory Antje J. Baeumner Richard A. Durst 《European Food Research and Technology》2005,221(3-4):564-569
In this study, conditions for extracting the major peanut allergen (Ara h1) from chocolate were optimized, and the extracted samples were analyzed by a lateral flow assay (LFA) using liposomal nanovesicles. The optimal conditions using peanut-spiked chocolate were found to be extraction with a mixture of phosphate buffered saline and hexane for 30 min at 35 °C. After centrifugation, the buffer portion was treated with insoluble poly(vinylpolypyrrolidone) to remove phenolic compounds, and then analyzed by the LFA. The entire analysis, including sample preparation and LFA, could be easily completed within 2 h, and the detection limit was 158 g of peanuts/g of chocolate. 相似文献
26.
食品过敏已成为一个重要的食品质量和安全问题, 对食品加工行业构成挑战, 并影响消费者的健康。一方面, 从食品加工行业的角度来看, 食品原料成分、外源添加剂和加工形式的多样性使得现代食品加工中过敏原的存在更加复杂。此外, 由于缺乏过敏原识别和有效的检测与评价系统, 导致目前食品过敏原筛选与检测、跟踪与预测、干预与控制的理论和技术存在严重不足; 另一方面, 从公共卫生的角度来看, 满足消费者对包括食物过敏原在内的不同类型原料来源的知情权, 提高政府的公信力和人民的满意度也成为当务之急; 此外, 随着人们接触的食物种类越来越多, 食物过敏的发生概率也越来越高, 日趋复杂化、广域化和严重化的食物过敏所带来的食品安全健康问题已很难避免。鉴于此, 针对大健康背景下日益严重的食品过敏安全问题, 本综述介绍了食物过敏原的检测方法, 总结了食物过敏原消减与控制技术, 阐述了低致敏性食品以及抗过敏活性物质, 综述了目前食物过敏原口服免疫治疗进展, 旨在为预防和控制食物过敏, 保障食物过敏患者的身体健康提供依据。 相似文献
27.
Development of monoclonal antibodies and a competitive ELISA detection method for glycinin,an allergen in soybean 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Soybean glycinin is a major food allergen causing anaphylaxis. A sensitive detection method for glycinin is needed to evaluate soybean allergies in food and feed products. In the present study, monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) against glycinin were prepared using purified glycinin as the immunogen. The generated Mabs, named 3B2 and 4B2, were identified as being IgG2b and IgG2a iso-types respectively, and exhibited high specificity to glycinin. Then we developed a competitive ELISA based on Mab 4B2 to measure glycinin which showed an IC50 value of 1.7 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/mL, and the linear portion of the curve was 0.3–11.2 ng/mL. Recovery tests indicated that the competitive ELISA based on Mab 4B2 gave reliable reproducibility. The produced Mab 4B2 and the developed ELISA could provide a valuable tool for sensitive determination of glycinin and for future studies conducted to reveal the mechanism of how glycinin functions in anaphylaxis. 相似文献
28.
从花生中提取总RNA,用反转录聚合酶链式反应得到花生过敏原Ara h 1基因,构建pET-28a-Ara h 1表达载体,转入Rosetta(DE3)宿主表达菌中诱导产物表达,用镍离子亲和层析法纯化得到目的蛋白。十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结果显示目的蛋白分子质量约为75 kDa,与预计相符;经质谱鉴定为Ara h 1蛋白。用BALB/c小鼠模型评价重组Ara h 1蛋白的致敏性结果显示,重组Ara h 1蛋白致敏小鼠血清中特异性抗体、Th2型细胞因子、组胺含量升高,空肠和肺组织发生病变,表明重组Ara h 1蛋白可以导致小鼠发生Th2型过敏反应,且有与天然Ara h 1蛋白相似的致敏性。同时RBL细胞模型结果显示重组Ara h 1蛋白还可导致RBL细胞脱颗粒,释放β-己糖苷酶,进一步表明重组Ara h 1蛋白具有致敏性。 相似文献
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