湿式空气氧化法处理乙烯废碱液装置的技术改造

针对中国石化齐鲁石化公司烯烃厂乙烯装置废碱液处理系统在试运转过程中存在的问题,通过分析原因,提出并实施改进工艺的相关措施,得到一组适宜的工艺操作参数,保证了废碱液湿式空气氧化装置的稳定运行。     

基于微观孔隙通道的饱和/非饱和土渗透系数模型及其应用

从微观角度揭示土体变形对饱和/非饱和渗透系数的影响机理,建立相应的预测方法,对于饱和/非饱和土的渗流分析及水力耦合研究具有重要的科学意义。利用流体力学理论,建立了微观孔隙通道渗透系数与等效孔径的关系,在此基础之上,结合毛细理论建立了饱和/非饱和渗透系数与土-水特征曲线的关系模型,并利用已有试验数据验证了模型的合理性。结合该模型与变形条件下土-水特征曲线预测方法,对变形条件下武汉黏性土饱和/非饱和渗透系数进行预测,结果表明黏性土在压缩变形条件下:饱和渗透系数呈数量级的减小,预测值与实测值均吻合较好;双对数坐标下,非饱和相对渗透系数在进气值之后随基质吸力增加而减小,不同初始孔隙比条件下其斜率近似不变,整体呈现"毛刷型"分布,相同基质吸力条件下,初始孔隙比越小,相对渗透系数越大;非饱和渗透系数,进气值之前近似为饱和渗透系数,进气值之后随基质吸力增大而减小,不同初始孔隙比的变化线近似重合。     

Enhancement in magnetic permeability of Ni-Co-Zn ferrites using CuO doping for RF and microwave devices

Novel soft magnetic ferrite materials will play a crucial role in next-generation trillion-dollar sensor technologies related to 5G communications and internet of things as these materials can achieve improved wireless power/signal transfer efficiency with high operation frequency. In this work, Ni_0.4Co_0.25Zn_0.35Fe₂O₄ ferrites with high permeability and low magnetic loss were prepared for RF and microwave device applications. Composition and microstructure control is crucial to obtain the desired magnetic and loss properties. CuO dopant (x = 0 wt% to 20 wt%) were employed during the synthesis of Ni_0.4Co_0.25Zn_0.35Fe₂O₄ ferrite specimens to modify the microstructures, thus improving the magnetic properties of the ferrites. High value of measured relative permeability (μ’ of 4-10) and relatively low magnetic loss tangent ( of 0.01-0.1) has been achieved at frequency range between 100 and 800 MHz. Addition of CuO, especially up to 3 wt%, can cause a significant increase in permeability. Real part of the permeability of 3.87 and 10.9 has been achieved for undoped and 3 wt% CuO doped specimens, while noticeable reduction in magnetic losses has been observed for the doped sample measured at 400 MHz. The resonance frequency of synthesized ferrites has also been shifted into GHz range, when higher concentration of CuO dopants (>5 wt%) were employed.     

Novel Method To Optimize the Structure of Reticulated Porous Ceramics

A novel method has been developed for the fabrication of silicon nitride reticulated porous ceramics (RPCs) with regulated structure, using polyurethane sponge as the template. This technique includes two centrifuging steps. In the first stage, the polyurethane sponges are coated with thin slurry through high-speed centrifuging. After the slurry on sponges dried, a high-strength green body without filled cells is obtained. In the second stage, because of improved adhesion between the body and the slurry after the first coating, the body with uniformly thick strut is produced by recoating the as-prepared green body with thixotropic slurry and centrifuging again. The loading content of slurry and the pore diameter of the RPCs body greatly depend on the slurry viscosity in the process of recoating. The strut diameter and pore diameter of the RPCs are effectively optimized by modulating the slurry viscosity.     

空气气氛中烧成Si3N4-SiC复合材料的性能、相组成和显微结构

以氮化硅细粉(粒度＜0.088 mm,w(β-Si3N4)＞95%)、碳化硅(w(SiC)＞98%,粒度分别为2.8～0.9mm、0.9～0.15 mm、＜0.115 mm和＜0.063 mm四级)、硅粉(粒度＜0.045 mm,w(Si)＞98%)和硅灰(w(SiO2)=98.3%)为原料,以木质素磺酸钙水溶液作成型结合剂,采用150 MPa的压力成型为65 mm×114 mm×230mm的Si3N4-SiC、Si3N4-SiC-Si和Si3N4-SiC-SiO2三种试样.在空气气氛中,以50℃·h-1的升温速度升至800℃保温4 h,再升至1450℃保温2 h,自然冷却至室温后,测定烧成后试样的常温耐压强度、常温抗折强度、1400℃下的高温抗折强度、显气孔率、体积密度和残氮率,并采用XRD、SEM和EPMA等手段分析烧后试样的相组成和显微结构.结果表明3种试样在空气气氛中烧成后的高温(1400℃)和常温抗折强度都比较高,显气孔率都比较低,而耐压强度则以Si3N4-SiC试样的最高;烧成后试样中心区域的残氮率以Si3N4-SiC-Si试样的最高,Si3N4-SiC-SiO2试样的次之,Si3N4-SiC试样的最小;在空气气氛中烧成后,Si3N4-SiC试样中的Si3N4分解较多,SiC-Si3 N4-Si试样的表面和内部都明显含有单质Si,SiC-Si3N4-SiO2试样表面区域的Si2N2O晶体发育很好,而内部区域的晶体发育较小.     

CAE技术在解决胶带座注塑缺陷中的应用

介绍了CAE技术在注塑产品生产中的应用。针对胶带座在注塑成型过程中产生的缺陷，借助CAE软件验证了产生缺陷的位置，找出了产生缺陷的原因。并在工艺、模具和产品设计上进行了修改，从而解决了实际生产中遇到的问题，为实际生产提供了指导。     

Structure and properties of nitrile rubber (NBR)–clay nanocomposites by co‐coagulating NBR latex and clay aqueous suspension

Nitrile rubber (NBR)–clay nanocomposites were prepared by co‐coagulating the NBR latex and clay aqueous suspension. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the silicate layers of clay were dispersed in the NBR matrix at the nano level and had a planar orientation. X‐ray diffraction indicated that there were some nonexfoliated silicate layers in the NBR–clay nanocomposites. Stress–strain curves showed that the silicate layers generated evident reinforcement, modulus, and tensile strength of the NBR–clay nanocomposites, which were significantly improved with an increase in the amount of clay, and strain‐at‐break was higher than that of the gum NBR vulcanizate when the amount of clay was more than 5 phr. The NBR–clay nanocomposites exhibited an excellent gas barrier property; the reduction in gas permeability in the NBR–clay nanocomposites can be described by Nielsen's model. Compared with gum NBR vulcanizate, the oxygen index of the NBR–clay nanocomposites increased slightly. The feasibility of controlling rubber flammability via the nanocomposite approach needs to be evaluated further. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 3855–3858, 2003     

Air sampling of volatile sex pheromone components in a closed jar

A cotton wool plug, used as the source for pheromone release, was placed in closed 1-quart Mason jars, either at the mouth or at the rear of the jar. Air sampling of the two components of the sex pheromone (total 2.2 mg at the source) of the almond moth (Ephestia cautella) female showed that the saturation period near the source in still air was 20–22 hr and that far from the source was 40–50 hr, reaching a level of less than 1 ng/ml air. The ratio between the components (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadienyl acetate, designated D, and (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate designated M, in the air was close to the original ratio for both sampling sites, albeit somewhat richer in the more volatile (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (source 77.023.0 DM, air 73.0– 74.327.0–25.7; source 80.119.9, air 77.622.4; source 25.174.9, air 23.976. 1 DM). The total amount of pheromone per milliliter of air was two to three times larger near the source than far from it at the early stages of the evaporation and saturation process. When the amount of pheromone applied to the source was tripled (7 mg), the amount far from the source was almost tripled, or the saturation time was cut by factor of two to three.     

Application of structural curvature of coalbed floor on CBM development in the Zaoyuan block of the southern Qinshui Basin

Based on controls of structural style and the position in coalbed methane(CBM)development,we used a method of curvatures to study its relations with CBM development parameters.We calculated structural curvatures of contours of the No.3coal seam floor of the Shanxi Formation in the Zaoyuan block of the Qinshui Basin and analyzed its relations with development parameters of coalbed methane wells.The results show that structural curvature is negatively related to coal reservoir pressure,while positively related to permeability.With an increase in structural curvature,the average production of coalbed methane wells increases at first and then decreases,reaching the highest production at 0.02 m-1 of structural curvature.Therefore,structural curvature can be an important index for potential evaluation of coalbed methane development and provide a basis for siting coalbed methane wells.