临南油田夏52块沙三中泥质砂岩油层精细评价

临南油田夏 5 2块沙三中泥质砂岩油层分布广 ,未动用程度高 ,为了稳定产量 ,急需寻找可直接投产的泥质砂岩油层。本文利用相渗实验资料建立油相相对渗透率与含水饱和度关系 ,从而建立有效渗透率的解释模型。依据有效渗透率和有效厚度将泥质砂岩油层划分等级 ,分区评价 ,这不仅有利于合理开采和保护此类油层 ,降低其生产成本 ,也为预测此类油层产能提供依据     

钢板侵彻过载的三维数值模拟

利用LS—DYNA有限元程序，用弹塑性模型建立材料模型，对高速弹丸侵彻均质钢板问题进行了数值模拟，并与测试结果进行了比较，说明了有限元分析的有效性，为引信设计提供参考。     

QP19-L型PDC钻头在TK320井的应用

针对塔河地区的地层特点和PDC钻头的破岩机理，优选了适合于该地层钻进的QP19-L型PDC钻头，总结了PDC钻头的使用技术措施。在TK320井二开井段的应用表明，该钻头能明显提高机械钻速，缩短钻井周期，值得推广应用。     

Subsurface Characterization at Ground Failure Sites in Adapazari, Turkey

Ground failure in Adapazari, Turkey during the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake was severe. Hundreds of structures settled, slid, tilted, and collapsed due in part to liquefaction and ground softening. Ground failure was more severe adjacent to and under buildings. The soils that led to severe building damage were generally low plasticity silts. In this paper, the results of a comprehensive investigation of the soils of Adapazari, which included cone penetration test (CPT) profiles followed by borings with standard penetration tests (SPTs) and soil index tests, are presented. The effects of subsurface conditions on the occurrence of ground failure and its resulting effect on building performance are explored through representative case histories. CPT- and SPT-based liquefaction triggering procedures adequately identified soils that liquefied if the clay-size criterion of the Chinese criteria was disregarded. The CPT was able to identify thin seams of loose liquefiable silt, and the SPT (with retrieved samples) allowed for reliable evaluation of the liquefaction susceptibility of fine-grained soils. A well-documented database of in situ and index testing is now available for incorporating in future CPT- and SPT-based liquefaction triggering correlations.     

模拟爆炸成形弹丸对大间隔靶的侵彻实验研究

为考察爆炸成形弹丸(EFP)的飞行特性及侵彻威力，用火炮发射长径比为1．5的钢EFP模拟弹丸，其着靶速度在1300m/s左右。对大间隔的多层A3薄钢靶板进行侵彻，利用高速摄影了EFP在靶间飞行姿态变化，对其侵彻过程及机理进行了分析，实验结果和分析表明，所设计的EFP具有较为理想的飞行稳定性，对多层间隔靶的侵彻能力强，为设计攻击舰艇等装甲目标的战斗部提供了较重要的参数。     

Estimation of Load Capacity of Pipe Piles in Sand Based on Cone Penetration Test Results

Pipe piles can be classified as either closed- or open-ended piles. In the present paper, the load capacity of both closed- and open-ended piles is related to cone penetration resistance qc through an experimental program using calibration chamber model pile load tests and field pile load tests. A total of 36 calibration chamber pile load tests and two full-scale field pile load tests were analyzed. All the test piles were instrumented for separate measurement of each component of pile load capacity. Based on the test results, the normalized base resistance qb/qc was obtained as a function of the relative density DR for closed-ended piles, and of both the relative density DR and the incremental filling ratio (IFR) for open-ended piles. A relationship between the IFR and the relative density DR is proposed as a function of the pile diameter and driving depth. The relationship between IFR and DR allows the estimation of IFR and thus of the pile load capacity of open-ended piles at the design stage, before pile driving operations.     

Experimental and analytical study on the spray characteristics of dimethyl ether (DME) and diesel fuels within a common-rail injection system in a diesel engine

This paper investigates the effect of injection parameters on the characteristics of dimethyl ether (DME) as an alternative fuel in a diesel engine with experimental and analytical models based on empirical equations. In order to study macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of DME fuel, this work focuses on the atomization characteristics of DME and compares experimental and predicted results for spray development obtained by empirical models for diesel and DME fuel. Detailed comparisons of spray tip penetration from three different empirical correlations and from visualization experiments of diesel and DME fuels were conducted under various fuel injection conditions. In comparison with the results of different empirical equations for measured spray tip penetration, the experimental results of this study provide good agreement with the calculation results based on empirical equations, except during the earliest stage of the injected spray sequence. The results of atomization characteristics indicate that DME showed better spray characteristics than conventional diesel fuel. Also, the fuel injection delay and maximum injection rate of DME fuel are shorter and lower than those of diesel fuel at the same injection conditions, respectively.     

锅炉未焊透椭圆接管结构应力数值分析

应用有限元法对未焊透的椭圆接管结构进行了应力数值分析,并应用压力容器分析设计法,对该结构进行了疲劳分析,得出结构因未焊透缺陷导致疲劳破坏。     

Cost effectiveness of decentralized energy supply systems taking solar and wind utilization plants into account

In this article, results are presented of annual simulations of a decentralized (regional) plant for the power and heat supply of a residential complex. This complex consists of four houses with 40 flats all in all. The annual power consumption of the complex is 157 MWh and the heat requirement is 325 MWh. The concrete dynamics of the energy demands over the year is taken into consideration. The energy supply system is composed of a power-controlled combined heat and power (CHP) plant (55 kW), a photovoltaic plant (PV array or PV plant) array for power generation as well as a field of solar thermal collectors with a short-term accumulator for water heating and a long-term accumulator for supplying heat for domestic heating purposes. Simulation results demonstrate that synergetic effects result from the combination of a CHP plant with wind power and PV plants of varying sizes, which have an effect on the cost effectiveness of the plant as a whole with the different dynamics of energy sources (wind and solar energies) and of the consumption of power and heat being the decisive factors. The power deficits of wind power and PV plants are compensated through the application of a natural gas-operated CHP plant. In almost all variants, the demand for fossil energy carriers is distinctly less than in conventional energy supply plants.     

Present status and future prospects of PV activities in Japan

The photovoltaic (PV) power systems in Japan made great strides in the past decade. The PV industry in the 1990s greatly depended on the research projects and dissemination programs carried out by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry. However, the industrial structure for full-scale deployment of the PV system is currently being established by the manufacturers’ continuous efforts to reduce the PV system cost and the government’s consecutive supports to create the initial market. It is expected that the synergetic effect of the cost reduction and incentives for introduction will activate the PV industry and its market more and more toward achieving 5000 MW of the capacity in FY 2010.