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41.
The performance of sequential decoding of long constraint length convolutional codes is evaluated for Rayleigh fading channels. Sequential decoding is not practical below a certain theoretical signal-to-noise ratio, and these theoretical limits are calculated for a number of modulation methods and code rates. As an example, with BPSK modulation, soft decisions and code rate 1/2, the theoretical signal-to-noise ratio per information bit is 5.7 dB. Above this limit the bit error rate can be made arbitrarily small by increasing the constraint length at no significant complexity cost. Furthermore, it is shown that with carefully chosen quantization steps, 8 level uniform quantization gives a negligible loss also for sequential decoding on a Rayleigh fading channel. Simulation results using 8 level quantization correspond well with the theoretical performance bounds. Also, the performance on a correlated channel with finite interleaving has been obtained. With an interleaver depth of 50×50 and a normalized doppler frequency equal to 0.01 we are only 0.5 dB away from the performance with perfect interleaving. Finally, bit error rate results show this scheme to compete well with Turbo codes. 相似文献
42.
Design and Implementation of a Flexible Manufacturing Control System Using Neural Network 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Magdy M. Abdelhameed Farid A. Tolbah 《International Journal of Flexible Manufacturing Systems》2002,14(3):263-279
Design and implementation of a sequential controller based on the concept of artificial neural networks for a flexible manufacturing system are presented. The recurrent neural network (RNN) type is used for such a purpose. Contrary to the programmable controller, an RNN-based sequential controller is based on a definite mathematical model rather than depending on experience and trial and error techniques. The proposed controller is also more flexible because it is not limited by the restrictions of the finite state automata theory. Adequate guidelines of how to construct an RNN-based sequential controller are presented. These guidelines are applied to different case studies. The proposed controller is tested by simulations and real-time experiments. These tests prove the successfulness of the proposed controller performances. Theoretical as well as experimental results are presented and discussed indicating that the proposed design procedure using Elman's RNN can be effective in designing a sequential controller for event-based type manufacturing systems. In addition, the simulation results assure the effectiveness of the proposed controller to outperform the effect of noisy inputs. 相似文献
43.
对油气运聚研究中一些概念的再思考 总被引:46,自引:11,他引:35
非均质地层中烃类的扩散流和达西流可以同时存在,并可相互转换。据Welte等1997年计算,在致密泥岩层中,扩散流和达西流的流速分别为18m/Ma和15m/Ma,说明在致密地层中这两种流动几乎没有差别,同时说明了泥岩中的流动也可以用达西公式来表述。油、气的浮动和渗流虽然都是在地下多孔介质中的流动,但前者是油、气在水中上浮,不呈连续相流动,而后者是油、气呈连续相与水一起流动,因此浮力没有含烃饱和度的相对渗透率的要求,也不能用达西的密度差,浮力流是二交运移最基本的流动式。地下确实存在油、气的幕式运多和幕式以注,但幕式是一个有时间尺度的概念。油、气的运移和聚集是一个带莫式特征的连续过程,不能只强调强度较大的幕式活动而忽视了连续过程的存在,再加上油源的不稳定和通道的非均质性,因此单依据流体包裹体的分析就确定油气藏是由2或3期充注所形成,似乎有些难以置信。 相似文献
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通过对滨南油区注水现状的调查,发现存在的主要问题是水井套管损坏严重和部分水井欠注。文章全面地介绍了套管损坏井治理和攻欠增注工艺技术在现状的应用。 相似文献
47.
针对双河油田的注采结构的现状及特征,通过近几年来在注采结构调整方面的实践与应用,总结出了油田在特高含水后期开发阶段,实现油田控水稳油目标的途径和方法,注水结构调整主要是结合地质特点,减少欠注层段,减少和控制不合理超注井层段和改善吸水剖面;在采液结构调整上,控制高含水层段的注入,加强中低渗透层段的注入,封堵高渗透、高水淹干扰层段,解放动用较差的中低渗透层段,改善平面上采出不平衡的状况。通过实施注采结构调整,双河油田在特高含水后期实现了高效开发。 相似文献
48.
The mechanical fracture strength and toughness of short-fibre composites, injection moulded from compounds of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) containing 10 and 30% (by weight) (w/o) glass, have been investigated and the dependence upon matrix hydrolytic stability determined. Mouldings have been characterised by several physical techniques to evaluate molecular weight, degradation rates, crystallinity and morphology, whilst time-dependent gravimetric data were derived to quantify sorption kinetics and allow comparisons with theoretical reaction rates to be made. During melt processing, PET is hydrolysed extremely rapidly by traces of moisture (<0.02w/o). yet the inherent strength of moulded composites declines significantly only below an apparently critical molecular weight. However, on long-term humid ageing in hot water, impact behaviour especially is rendered more complex by simultaneous crystallisation, molecular reorder and losses of interfacial bond strength. 相似文献
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