京沪高速铁路列车运行模式研究

基于运行图数据,研究京沪高速铁路不同运营时期的运输组织模式,分析不同速度列车共线模式下京沪高速铁路的运能结构变化,探讨高速铁路列车运行模式发展趋势。在分析本线全程列车始发时段与停站次数的关系,研究本线列车开行的周期规律。结果表明,2018年底京沪高速铁路区段通过能力利用存在较大的不均衡性,能力限制区间为徐州东-蚌埠南;分析列车运行模式存在的问题,提出"区域路网直达+跨区域换乘"的运行模式是高速铁路列车运行模式的发展方向。     

SOA404条款的实施与启示

自从2003年6月SEC宣布正式实施SOA法案以来,404条款一直饱受争议,原因主要在于其巨额的实施成本。为了应对这些问题,SEC也不断采取措施,进行调整。建立健全内部控制已是大势所趋,实施的关键是降低成本。现阶段,我国内部控制体系建设仍应以内部控制标准体系建设和内部控制评价制度建设为主,实施中应“统一管理、分步推进、细化分类标准、设定强制执行门槛”,同时应加强有关人员的相关培训。     

我国是否存在失业回滞效应？——基于第一、二代面板单位根检验的实证分析

就业是民生之本,然而自上世纪九十年代以来我国失业率逐年攀升,日益严峻的失业问题已引起政策当局和学术界的广泛关注与高度重视。有鉴于此,本文在第一代面板单位根检验的基础上,结合最新发展的第二代面板单位根检验方法,对我国是否存在失业回滞效应展开深入研究,进而为我国促进就业的政策选择提供重要的参考依据。研究结果表明,我国存在着显著的失业回滞效应,这就使得经济周期波动等外部冲击对我国失业产生永久性影响,从而在很大程度上造就了我国失业率逐年攀升、高居不下的局面,现阶段政府实施干预性的宏观调控政策显得十分必要。在此基础上,本文对降低乃至消除失业回滞效应、完善我国治理失业的宏观调控机制提出了若干政策建议。     

《美国1930年关税法》337条款实证研究

本文全面梳理统计1986年以来所有涉华337调查,通过详实准确的实证研究及数据调查,总结综述近年来涉华337调查的特征规律及发展趋势。在此基础上,深入探析337条款在WTO框架下的合法性,聚焦337条款与GATT第3条国民待遇原则的相悖性、第20条(d)款国民待遇原则例外的可适用性以及与TRIPS协议第41条的一致性问题,进而探讨将337条款诉诸WTO的可行性操作方案。     

The disappearing budget constraint on EU agricultural policy

Concern over budgetary costs has been the traditional driving force behind changes to the EU's Common Agricultural Policy. While the recent MacSharry reform of this policy was more related to external pressures arising from the need to reach an agreement on agriculture in the GATT Uruguay Round, many expect the budgetary constraint to re-emerge towards the end of this decade, particularly in the light of the impending accession of a number of Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs). This paper argues that it is unlikely that there will be any budgetary need to further reform Europe's agricultural policy to accommodate the CEECs. Applying the agricultural guideline to estimate resources and using a simple forecasting model of FEOGA Guarantee budget expenditure, the paper demonstrates that, under a range of plausible assumptions for the key variables affecting resources and expenditure, a significant positive margin should emerge between available resources and the cost of EU agricultural policy by the beginning of the next decade. This margin should be sufficient to pay the estimated costs of extending the present CAP to the CEEC countries without further significant reform. However, even though the budget cinstraint on EU farm policy may disappear, other factors, such as GATT disciplines and concern about agriculture's impact on the environment, will remain as pressures for further CAP reform.     

Size and rank stability of the 100 largest commercial banks, 1925–1978

Although the importance and rank stability of the 100 or 200 largest industrial corporations has been the subject of several studies, no comparable studies have been conducted in banking. Questions about the position and role of the 100 largest banks are beginning to emerge as a result of the 1980 thrift institution legislation and the prospect of interstate banking in the not too distant future. Data constructed for this study reveal that 1) concentration of deposits in the 100 largest banks increased from 33.7 percent in 1925 to 51.4 percent in 1978, 2) the pattern of change and the absolute level of concentration are remarkably similar for the 100 largest industrials, 3) deposits have become increasingly concentrated within the top 100 banks, 4) mobility and turnover have been relatively stable since 1925, 5) merger activity is partly responsible for the increased concentration and observed mobility and turnover, and 6) there has been a notable increase in the geographical dispersion of banks among the top 100.     

由“337调查”引发对行业协会作用的思考

ITC的资料显示,近一两年,在被ITC认为构成非法贸易行为的众多案件中,中国内地已经成为亚洲败诉数量最多的地区。这一现象的出现,一方面表明我国出口产品技术含量的提升;另一方面,也和前几年国内企业怠于应诉,助长了美国企业启动“337调查”的气焰有关。随着我国对美出口的技术提升和出口量的增大,美国的贸易保护主义日见抬头。我们只有充分发挥企业行业组织的作用,才能克服目前暂时的被动局面,力争实现一个公平合理的国际商业环境。     

美国对华337调查的原因与我方对策

与反倾销调查相比，337调查对出口的危害性更大。由于我国对美出口的持续快速增长，再加上企业知识产权保护意识淡薄，对337调查应诉不积极，我国已成为337调查的最大受害国。为此，国内企业应加强知识产权保护意识，谨防出口产品知识产权纠纷的发生；积极应诉，必要时争取庭外和解；发挥行业协会的组织协调作用，国家要严格控制侵权产品的出口，并利用国际争端解决机制，争取美国总统否决337调查的裁决结果。     

大区间施工维修分界点设置研究

为缓解铁路行车与施工维修作业的矛盾,提高人工和大型养路机械作业效率,在确保行车和施工安全的前提下,充分利用列车通过后的时间间隔或距离间隔,通过在较大区间设置施工维修分界点的方式,提高天窗利用率,增加设备管理单位施工维修纯作业时间。通过在中国铁路沈阳局集团有限公司通化工务段管内会同工务、车务、机务等单位,对大区间设置施工维修作业分界点的可行性进行了深度调研、试验和研讨,制定了大区间施工维修作业分界点办法,并对实施情况进行了跟踪指导,经过一段时间的实施,其综合效益较好。     

美国“337”条款与我国企业对策研究

对美国"337"条款缺乏了解与对策已成为我国企业在对美贸易中遭受损失的重要原因之一,本文在对美国"337"条款进行分析的基础上对我国企业提出相应的对策建议。