运用甘油磷酸氧化酶法测定冰冻红细胞解冻后残留甘油的含量

目的 建立测定冰冻红细胞解冻洗涤后残留甘油含量的酶学方法测定工艺.方法 进行甘油磷酸氧化酶法的线性范围测定、重复性、准确性(回收试验)、游离血红蛋白干扰试验,并比较不同样本处理方法(钨酸钠裂解法、三氯醋酸裂解法及制备后2h直接取上清液法)对酶法检测甘油的影响;进行系列浓度甘油红细胞酶法测定结果与传统过碘酸钠滴定法测定结果比对.结果 用GPO-PAP法检测甘油浓度在0.05～2.0 g/L时有较好的线性关系,,=0.9994,Y=0.942 X+0.0239;甘油含量为0.2 g/L、1.0 g/L的样本,批内CV值分别为2.68％、0.81％(n=20),日间CV值分别为4.59％、4.37％(n=20);甘油浓度从0.29～2.09 g/L间其回收率97.1％～100.8％,样本的平均回收率为99.0％;10g/L游离血红蛋白对GPO-PAP法检测结果无干扰;3种样本处理方法所测得的系列浓度甘油红细胞样品及解冻去甘油红细胞制品(n=18)酶法测定结果一致(P＞0.05);系列浓度甘油红细胞测定结果显示酶法测定比滴定法更准确,滴定法测定值偏高.结论 甘油磷酸氧化酶法可用于冰冻解冻去甘油红细胞制品中残留甘油含量的测定,方法简便、快速、准确、重复性好.3种样本处理方法对GPO-PAP法检测甘油含量无影响.     

Indocyanine green loaded hyaluronan-derived nanoparticles for fluorescence-enhanced surgical imaging of pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is highly lethal and surgical resection is the only potential curative treatment for the disease. In this study, hyaluronic acid derived nanoparticles with physico-chemically entrapped indocyanine green, termed NanoICG, were utilized for intraoperative near infrared fluorescence detection of pancreatic cancer. NanoICG was not cytotoxic to healthy pancreatic epithelial cells and did not induce chemotaxis or phagocytosis, it accumulated significantly within the pancreas in an orthotopic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma model, and demonstrated contrast-enhancement for pancreatic lesions relative to non-diseased portions of the pancreas. Fluorescence microscopy showed higher fluorescence intensity in pancreatic lesions and splenic metastases due to NanoICG compared to ICG alone. The in vivo safety profile of NanoICG, including, biochemical, hematological, and pathological analysis of NanoICG-treated healthy mice, indicates negligible toxicity. These results suggest that NanoICG is a promising contrast agent for intraoperative detection of pancreatic tumors.     

单采血小板献血者血液因素对采集冲红影响的分析

目的:了解血小板献血者血液因素对采集冲红的影响。方法:检测捐献时出现冲红者和正常捐献者血小板采集前各血液因素状况,并计算本次捐献前半年捐献血小板次数,进行统计分析。结果:以RBC等11个因素为自变量进行单因素Logistic回归分析,RBC、HGB、HCT、MCV、MCHC、PDW、MPV、P-LCR、RDW-CV、半年内献血次数均不具有意义,而MCH异常者冲红的概率平均是正常者的9.726倍。拟合方程:P=e-0.429+2.275x/(1+e-0.429+2.275x)。结论:献血者单采前MCH是影响是否出现冲红现象的重要因素。     

Soft robotic in the construction of prosthetic heart valve: a novel approach

Abstract

In this study, we describe the design, fabrication and computational testing of a new prosthetic device for aortic valve replacement. The device is an active stent composed of a silicone rubber during initial prototyping, with adaptation towards a hydrogel, poly-vinyl alcohol reinforced with bacterial cellulose nanofibres underway. The nature of the stent is soft robotic (SR), where an increase in internal pressure of the pneumatic network causes an increase in the internal diameter of the device. When working in tandem with the SR heart valve, described briefly, pulsations of the blood and the energy gained from ventricular pressure actuates the valve-and-stent combination. This increases the effective orifice area of the entire device and addresses an issue with small sized heart valves facing prosthesis–patient mismatch.     

Pathology's historic 2019 incoming residents: Why “the internationalization of pathology” may markedly advance transfusion medicine and cellular therapeutics

ObjectivesThis study had two objectives: (1) to determine if, in the United States of America (US), the proportion of non-US citizen international medical graduates (non-US IMGs) entering pathology residencies had increased (again) in 2019 and (2) to assess how this multi-year trend might impact transfusion medicine in the US.MethodsThe most recent (2019) “National Resident Matching Program” (NRMP) data were analyzed. To assess potential future impact, using controversies related to Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria, conflicting US and non-US perspectives were reviewed. Differences between published US and non-US views were identified regarding, for example, the value of Pf-resistant (“variant”) red blood cells (RBCs) and exchange transfusions.ResultsYear 2019 is the first year non-US IMGs were the largest group to fill residency-training positions for a major US specialty via the “Main Residency Match.” Also notable, US and non-US views were found to differ markedly regarding (1) the value and safety of Pf-resistant RBC variants and exchange transfusions, and (2) the threat of drug-resistant Pf-malaria parasites. Non-US clinicians and researchers seem more concerned about Pf-malaria, and their interest in cellular therapies seems greater and more optimistic.ConclusionsIn 2019, the historically high proportion of non-US IMGs among incoming pathology residents dramatically highlights the steady demographic shift that began years ago: “the internationalization of pathology” in the US. Fortunately, a review of publications related to exchange transfusion, Pf-malaria, and variant RBCs suggests non-US IMGs may markedly promote and advance cell therapies such as therapeutically-rational exchange (T-REX) of disease-resistant RBCs.     

Relationship between urinary biopyrrins and pneumoconiosis

Abstract

Background: Test 1 is a recently introduced technique claiming to determine Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in 20 s. In contrast to the original Westergren procedure this new technique uses undiluted blood and operates at 37°C. It is hypothesized that Test 1 is in fact an erythrocyte aggregometer and does not measure any sedimentation. Methods: Test 1 results were compared to those obtained with StaRRsed, an automated ESR analyser based on the Westergren technique, and the results of both were correlated to various indices of red blood cell (RBC) aggregation, obtained with an aggrego - meter (LORCA). Measurements were made on blood from 75 patients with various rheumatic disorders. Furthermore, blood that was experimentally manipulated in order to affect RBC aggregation, i.e. by changing the hematocrit, by diminishing plasma protein concentration, by inducing hyperaggregation or by RBC rigidification, was tested on all three instruments. Results: Generally in patient blood, Test 1 results demonstrated a higher correlation with the various aggregation parameters than StaRRsed. Highest correlation (R = ?0.8)) with both Test 1 and StaRRsed outcome were seen with I₂₀, a RBC aggregation parameter directly related to the backscatter intensity. All experimentally induced changes in RBC aggregation paralleled closely those obtained with Test 1 while StaRRsed results followed a different course. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study strongly support the hypothesis that Test 1 measures only the RBC aggregation process and does not cover any of the indices directly linked to the sedimentation process as determined by the Westergren method.     

糖尿病患者脂蛋白a和其他血脂及红细胞流变性关系的研究

目的通过观察糖尿病患者血清脂蛋白a[Lpa]和红细胞变形／聚集指数的变化及二者的关系以及Lpa与其它血脂的关系，为临床预防心脑血管疾病提供理论依据。方法选择2型糖尿病（无心脑血管、肾脏等大血管合并症和酮症酸中毒）患者43例为糖尿病组，健康体检者47例为对照组。于清晨空腹抽血测血脂、Lpa、红细胞变形／聚集指数。比较两组间各指标水平的差异，并对两组Lpa与红细胞变形／聚集指数及其它血脂作相关分析。结果1．糖尿病组存在高甘油三酯和低高密度脂蛋白血症，Lpa两组比较无统计学意义；2．红细胞变形／聚集指数两组比较有显著差异（P〈0．01）。3．Lpa在糖尿病组与红细胞变形指数呈负相关（p〈0．01），与红细胞聚集指数呈正相关（p〈0．01），与甘油三酯呈负相关（p〈0．01）。结论1．糖尿病患者存在血脂代谢异常，但在高甘油三脂条件下Lpa无明显增高。2．高浓度的Lpa可降低红细胞变形能力，增加红细胞聚集，导致微循环障碍。