川芎嗪联合乌司他丁对断肢再植缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的：评价川芎嗪和乌司他丁对断肢再植缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法：40例上肢离断再植病人,随机分为4组,A组为对照组,围手术期不接受川芎嗪和乌司他丁。B组为乌司他丁组,于再植后动脉开放前给予乌司他丁0.5万U/kg。C组为川芎嗪组,于再植后动脉开放前给予川芎嗪2.5 mg/kg。D组为联合组,于再植后动脉开放前分别给予乌司他丁0.5万U/kg、川芎嗪2.5 mg/kg。分别于术前（T1）、术中再灌注后30 min（T2）,术后3 h（T3）、24 h（T4）、72 h（T5）共5个时点采集中心静脉血,测定患者血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、肌酸激酶（CK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、丙二醛（MDA）和超氧化歧化酶（SOD）的含量在该过程中的变化。结果：血清AST、CK、MDA的含量在A组、B组、C组有升高趋势,与A组比较,B、C组的AST、CK在不同时点上升幅度较小,有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。D组无明显上升,有非常显著性差异（P〈0.01）。血清LDH的含量在A组有上升趋势,B、C、D组无明显上升,与A组比较在T2时点有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。血清SOD的含量在A、B、C组有降低趋势,B、C组下降幅度较小,与A组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。D组无明显下降,与A组比较有非常显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论：川芎嗪和乌司他丁对断肢再植缺血再灌注损伤具有一定的保护作用,联合使用效果更佳。     

从血液流变学角度探讨川芎嗪治疗脑血栓形成的机理

本文报告了48例急性脑血栓形成患者用川芎嗪治疗前后六项血液流变性指标的测定结果,以25例年龄、性别与病人组构成相近的正常人作对照组。病人组治疗前此六项指标与对照组相比均有显著差异(P<0.01),此异常改变在本病的发生上可能起着重要作用。治疗后。此六项指标明显改善,且与临床症状的好转呈平行关系。提高红细胞和血小板表面电荷、减少它们的聚集、改善血液流变性和微循环可能是该药治疗本病取得疗效的主要原因之一。     

Ultrastructural changes of rat cortical neurons following ligustrazine intervention for cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury*★

BACKGROUND： Ligustrazine can reduce the production of free radicals and the content of malonaldehyde, and improve the enzymatic activity of adenosine-triphosphate in cerebral anoxia. It also can increase the expression of heat shock protein-70 and Bcl-2, thus alleviating brain tissue injury caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. This study aimed to address the question of whether ligustrazine can protect the membrane structure of neurons. OBJECTIVE： To establish rat models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, observe the membrane structure and main organelles of neurons with electron microscope after ligustrazine intervention, and to analyze the dose-dependent effects of ligustrazine on neuronal changes. DESIGN： A randomized controlled study. SETTING： Department of Anatomy Research and Electron Microscopy, Hebei North University. MATERIALS： Forty Wistar rats of SPS grade, weighing 180-250 g and equal proportion of female and male, were provided by Hebei Medical University Animal Center （No. 060126）. The ligustrazine injection （40 g/L, No. 05012） was produced by Beijing Yongkang Yaoye. LKB4 Ultramicrotome was purchased from LKB Company in Sweden. JEM100CXII electron microscope was purchased from JEOL in Japan. METHODS： The experiment was performed in the Laboratory of the Department of Anatomy and Electron Microscopy, Hebei North University from June to August 2006. （1） Wistar rats were allowed to adapt for 3 days, and were then randomly divided into four groups, according to the numeration table method： normal group, model group, low-dose ligustrazine group, and high-dose ligustrazine group. There were 10 rats in each group. （2）Rats in the model group, low-dose ligustrazine group, and high-dose ligustrazine group underwent cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model, according to Bannister＇s method. The carotid artery was opened for reperfusion after 90 minutes of cerebral ischemia. Samples were collected from the cerebral cortex after 24 hours. Animals from the ligustrazine low-dose group     

Ultrastructural changes of rat cortical neurons following ligustrazine intervention for cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

BACKGROUND: Ligustrazine can reduce the production of free radicals and the content of malonaldehyde, and improve the enzymatic activity of adenosine-triphosphate in cerebral anoxia. It also can increase the expression of heat shock protein-70 and Bcl-2, thus alleviating brain tissue injury caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. This study aimed to address the question of whether ligustrazine can protect the membrane structure of neurons.OBJECTIVE: To establish rat models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, observe the membrane structure and main organelles of neurons with electron microscope after ligustrazine intervention, and to analyze the dose-dependent effects of ligustrazine on neuronal changes.DESIGN: Arandomized controlled study.SETTING: Department of Anatomy Research and Electron Microscopy, Hebei North University. MATERIALS: Forty Wistar rats of SPS grade, weighing 180–250 g and equal proportion of female and male, were provided by Hebei Medical University Animal Center (No. 060126). The ligustrazine injection (40 g/L, No. 05012) was produced by Beijing Yongkang Yaoye. LKB4 Ultramicrotome was purchased from LKB Company in Sweden. JEM100CXII electron microscope was purchased from JEOL in Japan.METHODS: The experiment was performed in the Laboratory of the Department of Anatomy and Electron Microscopy, Hebei North University from June to August 2006. ① Wistar rats were allowed to adapt for 3 days, and were then randomly divided into four groups, according to the numeration table method: normal group, model group, low-dose ligustrazine group, and high-dose ligustrazine group. There were 10 rats in each group. ②Rats in the model group, low-dose ligustrazine group, and high-dose ligustrazine group un-derwent cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model, according to Bannister's method. The carotid artery was opened for reperfusion after 90 minutes of cerebral ischemia. Samples were collected from the cerebral cor-tex after 24 hours. Animals from the ligustrazine low-dose group and ligustrazine high-dose group received ligustrazine injections, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively. Samples were collected at the same time as the model group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Alterations of the neuronal ultrastructure and main organelles were ob-served by electron microscopy.RESULTS: Forty Wistar rats were included in the final analysis. Plentiful ribosome and rough endoplasmic reticulum existed in the cytoplasm of cortical neurons in the normal group. Edema existed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons in the model group. The cell membrane was damaged, resulting in the external erup-tion of certain cellular organelles. In the low-dose ligustrazine group, neuronal swelling was decreased in the cytoplasm, whereas cellular organelles were relatively increased. However, the mitochondria remained swollen. The double layer structure disappeared in parts of the mitochondrial membrane. The caryotheca was still broken, and neuronal damage was significantly decreased in the high-dose ligustrazine group. In ad-dition, cytoplasmic swelling was reduced andmost part of caryotheca was complete. Fragmentation of the cellular membrane was not detected. Mitochondrial cristae and the lysosome could also be detected. The number of rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes was increased, and the structure of great part of caryotheca was clear. In addition, the number of nuclear pore was increased. However, the nuclear hetero-chromatin was relatively reduced.CONCLUSION: In the rat, the protective effects of ligustrazine were significant on neuronal membrane structures and main organelles after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. There was a dose-dependent effect be-tween neuronal changes and Ligustrazine.     

黄芪川芎嗪联合单硝酸异山梨酯阿司匹林治疗冠心病心绞痛68例疗效观察

目的　观察中西医结合治疗冠心病心绞痛的疗效。方法　将 10 4例冠心病心绞痛患者随机分为对照组和治疗组 ,治疗组采用中西结合疗法 ,对照组用西药治疗。结果　在缓解心绞痛方面 ,治疗组总有效率为 88 2 % ,对照组总有效率为 6 6 7% ,两者相比差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 )。在心电图改善方面 ,治疗组总有效率 92 6 % ,对照组总有效率为 5 8 3% ,两者相比差异非常显著 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　中西医结合疗法无论是在心绞痛缓解方面还是在心电图改善方面均优于单纯西医疗法     

三种活血类中药对蟾蜍离体单一肌梭传入放电的影响

目的对几种常用的活血类药物进行筛选，以寻找能兴奋肌梭，使肌梭传入放电增加的活血类药物，从而为预防和治疗失重性肌萎缩提供新思路。方法利用蟾蜍缝匠肌分离制备单一肌梭标本，使用空气隔绝法记录离体单一肌梭的传入放电，比较几种活血类药物对肌梭传入放电的影响。结果川芎嗪能显著兴奋肌梭，并呈现出良好的量效依赖关系。红花与丹参注射液则均无这种作用。结论川芎嗪是已知具有扩张血管、促进微循环的药物，其对肌梭的兴奋作用，使其有可能成为缓解失重性肌萎缩的候选药物。     

川芎嗪对哮喘大鼠GATA-3及Th2型细胞因子表达的影响

目的研究腹腔注射川芎嗪对大鼠哮喘模型的防治作用及机制。方法按常用方法制作大鼠哮喘模型并分为哮喘模型组（A组），川芎嗪治疗组（L组），地塞米松治疗组（D组）和正常对照组（N组）4组，每组8只。用酶联免疫吸附实验（ELIsA）检测支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中白介素-4（IL-4）和白介素-5（IL-5）的浓度。用HE染色法观察气道炎症变化。用免疫组化法研究肺组织GATA-3的表达。结果L组BALF中IL-4和IL-5的浓度以及肺组织GATA-3阳性细胞的光密度值（OD值）明显低于A组BALF的IL-4和IL-5的浓度以及肺组织GATA-3阳性细胞的OD值，差异有显著性（P〈0．01），与D组无显著差异（P〉005）。结论腹腔注射川芎嗪可以抑制哮喘大鼠IL-4和IL-5的合成，其机制可能与其降低GATA-3在肺组织的表达，从而继发抑制Th2型免疫反应有关。     

川芎嗪对骨髓移植小鼠CD44表达的作用研究

为探讨川芎嗪对骨髓移植小鼠早期造血重建过程中黏附分子CD44表达水平的影响，将BALB／c小鼠随机分为3组：正常对照组，骨髓移植对照组(简称对照组)和骨髓移植 川芎嗪治疗组(简称川芎嗪组)，对照组和川芎嗪组每天分别胃饲生理盐水和川芎嗪。于骨髓移植(BMT)后第7，14，21，28天处死小鼠，计数外周血细胞、骨髓有核细胞，分析骨髓中造血组织面积及成熟红细胞容量，用流式细胞术和免疫组织化学检测骨髓细胞上CD44的表达水平．并于第10天取小鼠脾脏，计数脾集落形成单位。结果显示，骨髓移植后第7，14，21，28天川芎嗪组外周血白细胞、血小板、骨髓有核细胞计数、骨髓中造血组织面积均显著高于移植对照组，外周血红细胞计数在第7，14，21天也较对照组为高；同时．川芎嗪组CFU-S计数明显高于同期移植对照组，骨髓中成熟红细胞容量则显著低于对照组，川芎嗪组C44的表达在第7，14，21，28天明显高于对照组。结论：川芎嗪可提高骨髓移植小鼠骨髓细胞表面CD44的表达水平，促进造血干／祖细胞的归巢，加速移植后骨髓的造血重建。     

川芎嗪与葛根素配伍对脑缺血损伤大鼠脑组织内NGF水平的影响

目的:探讨中药有效成分配伍对脑缺血损伤大鼠脑组织内神经生长因子(NGF)水平改变的影响。方法:将SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、川+葛(川芎嗪50 mg.kg-1+葛根素50 mg.kg-1)组、尼莫地平(0.5 mg.kg-1)组,采用改良的Pulsinelli四血管法制备脑缺血损伤动物模型,于再灌注0时、6时分组ip 1次。再灌注24 h后用免疫组织化学法测定NGF的水平。结果:模型组脑组织NGF含量较假手术组减少;川+葛组较模型组NGF含量增高,神经功能测定也有一定的提高。结论:川芎嗪与葛根素配伍对脑缺血损伤有一定改善作用,其作用机制可能与提高NGF含量有关。     

HPLC法同时测定养血注射液中阿魏酸和盐酸川芎嗪

目的 建立同时测定养血注射液中阿魏酸和盐酸川芎嗪的HPLC分析方法。方法 色谱柱为Diamonsil C₁₈柱（200 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,流动相为甲醇-0.5%醋酸水溶液（35∶65）,检测波长295 nm,进样量20 μL,体积流量1.0 mL/min,柱温30 ℃。结果 阿魏酸线性范围40～200 μg/mL,r＝0.999 9,平均回收率为97.59%,RSD为0.74%;盐酸川芎嗪线性范围13.8～69.0 μg/mL,r＝0.999 9,平均回收率为99.36%,RSD为0.71%。结论 该法灵敏、准确,重复性好,可用于同时测定养血注射液中阿魏酸和盐酸川芎嗪的量。