注塑流动与传热分析的自适应隐式控制体积法

在注塑流动与传热分析中采用自适应隐式控制体积法,利用自动控制的参数识别方法来自动调节时间步长,在每个时间步长流动将向前推进大约半个单元大小的距离,厚度方向的温度采用契比雪夫配点法进行计算,压力方程的求解方法是预条件共轭梯度法。计算结果表明,自适应隐式控制体积法的时间复杂度是结点数目的平方,而且1h之内可以求解10000结点规模的问题。     

Preparation and characterization of new photoactive polyamides containing 4‐(4‐dimethylaminophenyl)urazole units

4‐(4‐dimethylaminophenyl)‐1,2,4‐triazolidine‐3,5‐dione ( DAPTD ) was prepared from 4‐dimethylaminobenzoic acid in five steps. The compound DAPTD was reacted with excess acetyl chloride in N,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solution and gave 1,2‐bisacetyl‐4‐[4‐(dimethylaminophenyl)]‐1,2,4‐triazolidine‐3,5‐dione as a model compound. Solution polycondensation reactions of monomer with succinyl chloride (SucC), suberoyl chloride (SubC), and sebacoyl chloride (SebC) were performed under conventional solution polymerization techniques in the presence of triethylamine and pyridine as a catalyst in N‐methylpyrrolidone (NMP) and led to the formation of novel aliphatic polyamides. These novel polyamides have inherent viscosities in the range of 0.09–0.21 dL/g in N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) at 25°C. Fluorimetric studies of the model compound as well as polymers were performed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 947–954, 2007     

地震作用下渗流边坡的动力响应耦合分析

运用有限差分软件FLAC3D,建立某一赋含地下水的顺层岩质边坡三维模型,基于Finn动孔压增长模型,对边坡在地震作用下的加速度响应规律作了流固耦合分析,并就地下水对边坡塑性区分布的影响作了简要分析。数值计算结果表明:含地下水边坡的地震动峰值加速度PGA放大系数和坡顶加速度均大于无水边坡,地下水位升高时,PGA放大系数和坡顶加速度呈波动变化,当边坡土体处于完全饱和状态时,两者均明显增大;坡脚加速度随水位变化也呈波动状态,当边坡土体处于完全饱和状态时,同样明显增大;含地下水边坡的PGA放大系数等值线比不含地下水时的曲线分布更为杂乱,规律性较差,但仍具有明显的加速度垂直放大效应和临空面放大效应;表面风化层的塑性区随水位升高,其拉剪共同作用破坏单元逐渐增加,表面边坡的破坏效应逐渐增大。综合加速度、坡顶位移和塑性区分布来看,地下水对地震作用下顺层岩质边坡的稳定不利。     

一步法生产涤纶FDY工艺的探讨

利用ＫＶ７３１纺丝设备一步法生产出涤纶ＦＤＹ，探讨了热辊拉伸和熔体温度对纤维质量的影响。采用高特性粘数的聚酯切片，严格控制纺丝工艺，可以在５０００ｍ／ｍｉｎ的纺丝速度下纺制高质量的细旦涤纶ＦＤＹ。     

植被排列方式及坡度对坡面流Fr影响的试验研究

为探究植被的排列方式及坡度大小对坡面流弗劳德数Fr的影响,以期揭示坡面流弗劳德数Fr的内在规律。利用人工模拟试验,系统研究了6个坡度、3种植物排列方向与水流方向呈不同走向角的条件下Fr与单位底面积的空间摩阻表面积K值的特征关系。表明在非淹没状态下,Fr与K值的关系为随K值的增大Fr呈现先减小后趋于平稳的趋势;Fr的取值随坡度的增大而增大;在一定的坡度范围内,同一坡度下,当Fr1时,同一K值下,走向角越大对应的Fr值越小,当Fr1时则相反;同一走向角下,在同一K值下,坡度越大对应的Fr就越大。得出在坡度一定的条件下,坡面植被的排列方式不同,弗劳德数Fr的取值也不相同;坡度是影响Fr取值范围的重要因素之一。     

库岸边坡变形场与水分场光纤监测技术研究

三峡库区滑坡灾害频发,采用高效的滑坡监测技术对预防和降低滑坡灾害十分重要。本文介绍了ROTDR(Raman Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry)、BOTDR(Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry)和FBG(Fiber Bragg Grating)这3种光纤感测技术,以及课题组基于这3种技术研发的滑坡体变形场与水分场监测技术。以三峡马家沟I号库岸滑坡为例,介绍了相关的DFOS(Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing)监测方案、传感器布设工艺、光纤的保护方法和部分水分场及变形场监测结果的分析成果。监测结果表明:DFOS技术应用于库岸滑坡变形场和水分场监测可行,可为研究库岸滑坡演化机理及其预警预报提供一个新的监测手段。     

Reaction kinetics modeling and thermal properties of epoxy–amines as measured by modulated‐temperature DSC. II. Network‐forming DGEBA + MDA

Reaction‐induced vitrification takes place in the network‐forming epoxy–amine system diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) + methylenedianiline (MDA) when the glass‐transition temperature (T_g) rises above the cure temperature (T_cure). This chemorheological transition results in diffusion‐controlled reaction and can be followed simultaneously with the reaction rate in modulated‐temperature DSC (MTDSC). To predict the effect of T_cure and the NH/epoxy molar mixing ratio (r) on the reaction rate in chemically controlled conditions, a mechanistic approach was used based on the nonreversing heat flow and heat capacity MTDSC signals, in which the reaction steps of primary (E_1OH = 44 kJ mol^?1) and secondary amine (E_2OH = 48 kJ mol^?1) with the epoxy–hydroxyl complex predominating. The diffusion factor DF as defined by the Rabinowitch approach expresses whether the chemical reaction rate or the diffusion rate determines the overall reaction rate. A model based on the free volume theory together with an Arrhenius temperature dependency was used to calculate the diffusion rate constant in DF as a function of conversion (x) and T_cure. The relation between x, r, and T_g, needed in this model, can be predicted with the Couchman equation. An experimental approximation for DF is the mobility factor DF* obtained from the heat capacity signal at a modulation frequency of 1/60 Hz, normalized for the effect of the reaction heat capacity in the liquid state and the change in C_p in the glassy region with x and T_cure. In this way, an optimized set of diffusion parameters was obtained that, together with the optimized kinetic parameters set, can predict the reaction rate for different cure schedules and for stoichiometric and off‐stoichiometric mixtures. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 2814–2833, 2004     

一步法合成5-甲基海因

以氰化钠、碳酸铵、乙醛等为原料，常压下一步反应得到５甲基海因，总收率７０２％。其最佳操作条件为：反应温度７５℃，反应时间３ｈ，原料碳酸铵与氰化钠之比为２∶１，酸化回流ｐＨ值为２，酸化回流时间２ｈ。     

聚氨酯改性聚异氰脲酸酯弹性体的合成和热性能分析

本文介绍用２，４，６－三（二甲胺基甲基）苯酚（ＤＭＰ－３０）作催化剂，采用一步法工艺制备聚氨酯改性聚异氰脲酸酯弹性体的研究工作，并用红外光谱、差热分析、热失重等方法对所制弹性体进行了定性、定量热性能分析。结果表明，通过调节催化剂用量、两组分摩尔比等工艺条件，可以使整个反应过程在１分钟之内完成，适合ＲＩＭ加工工艺；由红外光谱法和差热分析可定性确知所制材料中含有聚异氰脲酸酯三聚体和氨酯，由热失重分析可     

Fast economic model predictive control based on NLP-sensitivities

This study adapts the advanced step NMPC framework to Economic NMPC. Here, sufficient conditions for nominal stability are derived for NMPC controllers that incorporate economic stage costs with appropriate regularization. To guarantee these conditions, we derive a constructive strategy to calculate the regularization term directly. Moreover, we extend the sensitivity components in the advanced step NMPC framework to consider a rigorous path-following algorithm. This approach accounts for active set changes and allows much weaker constraint qualifications. Moreover, using an ℓ₁ formulation of the NMPC problem satisfies these constraint qualifications and allows more reliable solution of the moving horizon optimization problem, even in the presence of noise. Finally, all of these concepts are demonstrated on a detailed case study with a continuously stirred tank reactor.