快速凝固Al—Li—Mg—Zr合金粉末粒度对组织和性能影响

研究超音雾化快速凝固Al—Li—Mg—Zr合金粉末粒度对组织和性能的影响中发现,粉末粒度越细,组织越细,合金强度越大;但粒度太细,又会导致塑性变差。试验合金粒度范围选用40—100μm为佳。     

工艺参数对激光快速成形TC4钛合金组织及成形质量的影响

通过改变激光快速成形过程中激光功率、扫描速度、搭接率、Z轴增量AZ等工艺参数，研究了各工艺参数对Ti-6Al-4V合金组织及成形质量的影响规律。结果表明：随着激光功率尸的提高，柱状晶的长度逐渐变短并转变为类似等轴晶的不规则晶粒；在相同的激光功率下，柱状晶的尺度随着激光扫描速度矿的增加变得细且长；当P／V值大于933W·s／mm时，晶粒呈现等轴晶形态。存在一个临界搭接率，当搭接率为30％时，成形件内部组织基本质量良好，只是在靠近基材区域有少量的熔合不良；如搭接率小于30％，两相邻熔覆道之间的搭接区将出现形状不规则的熔合不良现象。另外，△Z过小会造成重熔深度变大，层与层的结合处组织粗大；△Z过大时会造成层间熔合不良。     

较小半径溢洪弯道急流超高的研究

为了探求急流弯道的超高及其相关的影响因素,通过对较小半径弯道急流的水流现象的描述,指出较小半径弯道凹岸水流受惯性离心力和冲击力的共同作用。在此基础上,利用动量原理,推导出了较小半径弯道水流超高公式,与试验资料对比,该理论的合理性得到了证实。还讨论了弯道水流各因素同超高的关系,结果表明,弯道的超高和宽度几乎成正比,弯道的转角影响超高很大,当弯道半径越小,其超高将增加越快。     

ELECTRON MICROANALYSIS FOR LASER MELTED ZONE IN 45 STEEL WITH Fe-Ni-Cr COATING

The Fe-Ni-Cr coating laver has been alloyed with 45 steel base metal by transverse.flow typeCO_2 gas laser of maximum output 5kW.The characteristics of the melted zone and the es-sence of the“bright band”has been investigated using the electron microscopy.The resultsshow that the“bright band”belongs to the melted zone and is a vertical section of the planecrystal,The width of the“bright band”equals the height of the plane crystal,which decreaseswith the increase of laser beam scanning rate and the decrease of laser power.This has beenexplained in terms of constitutional supercooling G/R.     

硼对快凝Ni3Al组织结构及力学性能的影响

本文通过快凝及加硼合金化的方法改善金属间化合物Ni_3Al的韧性。实验表明:加入0.5-1.4at.-％的硼对Ni_3Al的塑性提高最有利。结构分析表明:在含1.37at.-％硼的Ni_3Al中,硼以Ni_(23)B_6弥散相及晶界偏聚方式存在;当硼量增至2.22at.-％时,硼以粗大的Ni_(23)B_6及NiB_(12)相在晶界处析出。无硼的Ni_3Al晶界为大角度晶界;当硼加至1.37at.-％时,Ni_3Al晶界以位错排列成亚晶界,以小角晶界形式存在。     

铝热快速凝固工艺合成高强TiC/FeNiCr复合材料

采用铝热快速凝固工艺制备了FeNiCr合金及TiC／FeNiCr复合材料,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射等手段研究了该复合材料的显微组织和相结构,测量了复合材料的压缩强度。结果表明,TiC／FeNiCr复合材料由TiC陶瓷增强相和α-Fe合金基体组成。TiC／FeNiCr复合材料组织细小,TiC呈多边形均匀分布在合金基体中,晶粒尺寸约为2-3μm。TiC对FeNiCr基体具有很好的晶粒细化及强化作用,TiC／FeNiCr的压缩断裂强度及形变率分别为2 760MPa及25％,远大于FeNiCr合金及部分Fe基非晶材料。     

快淬工艺对无钴AB5型贮氢合金循环稳定性的影响

研究了快淬工艺对无钴AB5型LaxMm1-x(NiMnSiAlFe)4.9(x=0,0.45,0.75,1.0)合金微观结构及电化学循环稳定性的影响.结果表明快淬处理显著改善合金的成分均匀性,使晶粒细化,并显著提高合金的循环稳定性.当淬速从0m/s增加到28 m/s时,经300次充放循环后,x=0.45合金的容量衰减率D从0.28 mAh/g·c-1(c代表一次循环)下降到0.13mAh/g·c-1;x=1.0合金的容量衰减率D从0.3mAh/g·c-1下降到0.14mAh/g·c-1.     

Calculation of cooling rate of amorphous aluminum alloy melt-spun ribbons

Based on the heat transfer theory and liquid solidification theory, the heat transfer during the rapid solidification process of amorphous ribbons prepared by melt spinning was approximately modeled by one-dimensional heat conduction equation. Besides, integration with the temperature gradient, the relationship between the ribbon thickness and solidification time was derived according to the boundary conditions of ribbon-copper wheel. A simply theoretical model was obtained to calculate the cooling rates of aluminum amorphous ribbons. According to the above theoretical model, the critical cooling rate of aluminum amorphous ribbons by melt spinning is above 10^6 K/s, which proves that the aluminum based alloys belong to the marginal glass forming ability of alloys. The calculated results are in good agreement with other estimated values reported previously.     

快速低温固体S—C—N三元共渗工艺研究

以木炭、尿素和硫化铁为渗剂,用稀土化合物CeCl_3作催渗剂,于570℃进行固体S-C-N三元共渗。试验结果表明,在相同时间内加催渗剂的渗层深度比不加催渗剂的有大幅度提高,且硬度及耐磨性亦有较大提高,硬度梯度较平缓。离子探针分析表明,稀土元素Ce亦被渗入钢的表面,它不仅起到活化渗剂的作用,同时在提高钢的性能方面还起到微合金化的作用。     

快速冷凝Ti3Al基合金粉末性能研究

研究了用快速冷凝(RS)旋转电极工艺制取的Ti_3Al基合金粉末的物理性能、化学性能、显微结构以及热处理对显微结构、显微硬度的影响。结果表明,用该方法制备的合金粉末,化学成分稳定,工艺性能良好,细颗粒粉末由单相β固溶体组成,但随着热处理温度的变化,粉末的显微结构和显微硬度发生相应的变化。