反渗透-电去离子脱盐系统

介绍了反渗透－电去离子（RO－EDI）脱盐系统的特点和应用，RO－EDI脱盐系统具有出水质量高，连续生产，使用方便，无人值守，不用酸碱，不污染环境，占地面积小，运行经济等一系列优点，重点说明制备国产EDI设备中所用的材料（离子交换膜和离子交换剂）及寺充物填充方式等有关问题。指出推广RO－EDI脱盐系统的当务之急是制备国产设备，等空隙填充法为制备EDI设备提供了一种良好的填充方式。     

油水分离充气旋流器的研究进展

充气旋流器是利用离心惯性力强化浮选效果的新型设备，综述了用于油水分离的充气旋流器的结构，分离机理和影响因素的研究进展，并提出展望。     

Fractionation of transgenic corn for recovery of recombinant enzymes

Two germ-separation methods, dry-milling and density separation by flotation, were evaluated for recovering recombinant β-glucuronidase (rGUS) that accumulated primarily in the germ of transgenic corn. The dry-milling process consisted of (i) seed tempering, (ii) degerming with a horizontal-drum degermer/dehuller, (iii) particle size fractionation with standard sieves, (iv) germ and endosperm separation by roller milling and sifting, and (v) removal of hulls by aspiration. Sieves nos. 5, 6, and 7 retained the majority of germ, and subfractions from these sieves were pooled as a germ-rich fraction. Mass balances showed that the germ-rich fraction, which constituted 17% of the total dry-milled corn weight, contained 49% of rGUS activity and 64% of the total recoverable oil. Germ fractionation by flotation was tested as a proof-of-concept method aimed at separating corn fractions based on their difference in specific gravity (sp gr). The process consisted of impact-grinding of corn kernels followed by density separation using 1.15 or 1.3 specific gravity sodium nitrate solution. The oil-containing germ fraction floated, whereas the heavier endosperm fraction sedimented. The flotation method was simpler and resulted in higher enzyme recovery, that is, the germ-rich fraction was 20% (w/w) of the initial corn weight, and accounted for 80% of rGUS activity and 77% of total oil. The sodium nitrate solution did not have an adverse effect on the enzyme activity.     

Operation of a catalytic reverse flow reactor for the purification of air contaminated with volatile organic compounds

Catalytic oxidation in a reverse flow reactor is an attractive process for the decontamination of air polluted with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this paper several aspects of operating this type of reactor for air purification under strongly varying conditions will be discussed. For a successfit operation of such reactor a minimum amount of combustibles is required, and a simple theory is developed to predict this minimum value. This minimum amount is strongly influenced by the reaction kinetics, the heat transport in the packed bed and the adiabaticity of the reactor. To cope with a too low temperature level in the reactor for a complete conversion, an electrical heating device should be installed in the centre of the reactor bed to increase locally the temperature rapidly and efficiently. To control the maximum temperature in case of too high concentrations, extra air should be added to the feed.     

W/O型反相微乳法制备纳米材料及其应用

简要介绍了反相微乳液的结构、性质、相行为及微观结构的检测方法；阐述了在W／O型反相微乳液中制备纳米材料的反应原理、制备方法及影响纳米微粒成核、增长的因素；综述了近年来国内外使用该方法制备纳米材料的研究进展。     

气浮塔处理含油废水的研究

在实验研究的基础上，结合单级气浮技术和多级板式塔理论，开发出两级气浮塔处理含油废水的新工艺，实现了塔釜一次曝气、多级气浮的分离。实验研究了气浮塔板的流体力学性能、布气性能及操作条件对废水处理效率的影响，结果表明二级气浮塔处理效果很好，是一种具有良好应用前景的新型含油废水处理装置。     

受强弱关系理论启发的改进人工蜂群算法

针对原人工蜂群算法在寻优过程中存在收敛精度不高、容易陷入局部最优的问题,提出一种改进人工蜂群算法(SWT-ABC)。将社会学中强弱关系模型化并引入多子群矩阵式蜂群结构,定义了强关系个体从三个方向随机引导搜索,加快算法收敛速度和提高收敛精度;为增强算法跳出局部最优的能力,定义了弱关系个体交互以实现子群间信息交流来提升种群多样性;增加侦查蜂反向学习机制并确定合适的蜜源上限,能有效提升目标函数评价次数的利用效率。通过基准测试函数的数值实验并与12种改进算法进行对比,改进后的人工蜂群算法收敛精度更高、全局寻优能力更强,并且在高维优化问题求解中仍具备良好的收敛性能。     

泄洪洞反弧段末端水力特性指标分布规律

龙抬头式泄洪洞在水利水电工程中应用十分普遍,但是由于反弧段流态复杂,其产生空蚀破坏的原因尚不明晰。对不同泄洪洞体型掺气前后的工况进行三维数值计算,对其水力特性指标的分布规律进行研究。结果表明:随着落差Δz增大,反弧段流速逐步增大,水流空化数逐步减小;反弧半径R的改变对反弧段水力参数的影响有限。掺气水流的反弧段水力学指标主要取决于Δz,而受反弧半径R的影响相对较小。当Δz减小时,反弧段末端的水力参数在掺气前后变化不大,反弧段末端下游30m(等于15倍的挑坎高度)处的掺气水流的流速明显降低,空化数明显增高,掺气水流的保护作用对空腔下游部分的水力参数影响更加明显。在反弧末端有二次流出现,两侧边墙附近存在对称涡,不仅对边墙附近的流速压力分布产生一定影响,也加剧了反弧段内的水力特性的复杂程度。     

基于3D打印的定制脊柱侧弯矫形器设计制造与舒适度评价

针对青少年脊柱侧弯矫正问题,研制一款由3D打印制成的脊柱侧弯矫形器并做出舒适度评价.该方法依据色努矫形原理,建立脊柱侧弯矫形器三维模型,并考虑躯干约束对矫形器进行了有限元仿真分析和结构优化,最后进行模型的分块和3D打印,分析精度误差.依据模糊理论和层次分析法,建立了包括环境、材料、结构、运动4个方面的主观舒适度评价方法.结果表明:3D打印技术可实现定制脊柱侧弯矫形器的制造与生产,并在几何精度和穿戴舒适性上表现良好.     

窄粒级煤泥浮选经典动力学模型的改进

通过煤泥窄粒级浮选速率实验,以煤泥浮选一级动力学为基础,对煤泥浮选动力学的关键参数进行研究,包括最大可燃体回收率ε∞的计算、浮选级数n的确定、浮选速率常数K的变化.结果表明:浮选动力学模型中ε∞的经验解比模型解更符合实际;窄粒级煤泥的浮选动力学级数最符合一级动力学;窄粒级煤泥的浮选速率常数K是时间的函数,可用幂函数或经验公式表达,先求出ε∞的经验解,再求解K(t)函数,所得模型非常符合煤泥浮选特征的浮选动力学模型.