活性端基聚氨酯橡胶改性不饱和聚酯树脂的研究(Ⅱ)

通过在不饱和聚酯树脂中加入活性端基聚氨酯橡胶来降低树脂的体积收缩.树脂固化前,橡胶与不饱和聚酯树脂相溶性好;树脂固化时橡胶中的不饱和双键反应可参与反应,并呈一定粒径的胶粒析出.本文研究了几种活性端基聚氨酯橡胶对不饱和聚酯树脂收缩控制的影响.     

气干型不饱和聚酯树脂

气干型不饱和聚酯树脂是常温交联的热固性树脂。其性能优良，光泽度高，丰满度好，是优良的饰面材料。它的组成的原子灰，是理想的更新换代产品，广泛适合于金属基材的嵌填。     

双环戊二烯改性不饱和聚酯树脂的研究

探讨了双环戊二烯改性不饱和聚酯树脂的各种影响因素及其合成的主要工艺条件。当顺酐和苯酐的物质的量的比为0.22;双环戊二烯和总酸的物质的量的比为0.15;催化剂用量为0.24%;苯乙烯用量为30%～35%;封端温度控制在155℃;加成时间为3h时,合成的树脂具有良好的气干性。     

浅谈改善不饱和聚酯涂料气干性的方法

叙述了不饱和聚酯涂料的成膜机理。列举了目前改善不饱和聚酯底漆干性的主要方法,如薄膜遮盖法、石蜡覆盖法、改变树脂中可共聚的单体、添加醋酸丁酸纤维素、在不饱和聚酯中引入气干性基团等。并对其利弊作了简要的分析。     

过渡金属硫化物在高级氧化法中的研究进展

近年来,高级氧化技术(Advanced oxidation processes,AOPs)被广泛用于去除废水中的污染物,但高成本、高能耗限制了该技术的应用,开发低成本、高效、可重复利用的催化剂来降低该技术的使用成本是提高AOPs应用的有效手段。过渡金属硫化物(Transition metal sulfides,TMS)具有良好的导电性、机械稳定性和热稳定性,具有带隙可调特性的TMS可用作光催化剂。综述了TMS在AOPs中的应用,TMS可通过不饱和硫暴露金属活性位点提高Fenton法中Fe~(3+)还原为Fe~(2+)的速率,还可直接活化过硫酸盐或作光催化剂。同时介绍了TMS的改性方法,主要通过元素掺杂改性来增加活性位点,降低带隙宽度;通过TMS与金属化合物复合来提高电导率,增强催化活性;通过TMS与碳基材料复合原位生成H_2O_2,降低光生电子-空穴对的重组速率。最后,对TMS在AOPs中的发展方向进行了展望。     

不饱和酸结构对不饱和聚酯树脂固化行为的影响

通过IR分析了用顺酐和反酸与聚酯合成不饱和聚酯树脂的反应机理,讨论了二种树脂体系固化放热曲线不同的原因。     

高碳烯酸的氧化裂解

高碳烯酸的氧化裂解有多种方法。例如；高锰酸钾氧化、使用钴盐作催化剂的液相催化氧化、臭氧氧化、钌盐氧化、微生物氧化。对不同的氧化方法进行分析，使用乳化技术的钌盐氧化是最经济的氧化方法。     

Polymorphic behavior of gondoic acid and phase behavior of its binary mixtures with asclepic acid and oleic acid

Molecular properties of polymorphic forms of gondoic acid [cis-C_20:1Δ11ω9 (GOA)] have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical microscopy, and Raman scattering, in comparison to those of six principal unsaturated fatty acids: oleic acid [cis-C_18:1Δ9ω9 (OA)], erucic acid [cis-C_22:1Δ13ω9 (ERA)], petroselinic acid [cis-C_18:1Δ6ω12 (PSA)], asclepic acid [cis-C_18:1Δ11ω7 (APA)], palmitoleic acid [cis-C_16:1Δ9ω7 (POA)], and elaidic acid [trans-C_18:1Δ9ω9 (ELA)]. In addition, phase behavior of binary mixtures of GOA and APA and OA was examined by XRD and DSC. The polymorphic structures of GOA are quite similar to those of APA, ERA, POA, and partly to OA. In particular, DSC and Raman scattering studies have shown that gondoic acid exhibits conformational disordering on heating at the ω-chain, a chain segment between the double bond and CH₃ group, as a transition from all-trans (γ form) to gauche-rich (α form) conformations. A miscible mixing phase was observed in the mixture of GOA and APA, yet eutectic phases were observed in the GOA and OA mixtures. This is a remarkable contrast because the binary mixture systems of varying combinations of cis-unsaturated fatty acids examined so far exhibited either eutectic nature or molecular compound formation. It is expected that specific molecular interactions between GOA and APA that originate from the equivalence of the length of the Δ-chain, the chain segment between the cis-double bond and COOH group, and also from the presence of the γ-α order-disorder transformation would be operating to form the miscible mixing phase.     

基于双剪理论的饱和/非饱和渗流边坡稳定性分析

根据Bishop非饱和有效应力假定建立了适用于非饱和土的双剪统一强度理论。基于非饱和土双剪统一强度理论使用二维显式有限差分程序FLAC,以某边坡模型试验为例,考虑土体强度的中间主应力效应及渗流的影响,分析了地下水位升降导致的饱和/非饱和渗流条件下边坡稳定性分析问题。饱和及非饱和渗流的计算分析均说明忽略中间主应力效应的计算结果与边坡模型试验结果不相符。地下水位下降过程中,按相关联流动法则计算得出边坡只存在一条滑动面,而非相关联流动法则计算结果显示边坡存在多条滑动面。     

Effect of reactive diluents on properties of unsaturated polyester/montmorillonite nanocomposites

Unsaturated polyester (UP)/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposite was prepared by using hydroxypropylacrylate (HPA) as a reactive diluent instead of conventional styrene monomer and the effect of polarity of reactive diluent on properties of nanocomposite was investigated. X‐ray and mechanical test data indicated that mixing for an extended period of time is essential to enhance the physical properties of nanocomposites in the UP/Cloisite 6A system. This was attributed to the high polarity of HPA that may disturb the preintercalation of UP resin into the galleries of MMT. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 238–242, 2004