废旧电池中有价金属回收利用探讨

随着中国经济的稳步发展和投资环境的不断优化,中国已成为电池的制造和消费大国,每年产生数亿只废旧电池。对废旧电池的回收利用已成为全社会关注的问题。介绍了废旧电池中有价金属的回收利用方法,着重介绍了锂离子二次电池正极材料有价金属的回收利用方法。指出,中国商品化的正极材料只有钴酸锂（LiCoO2）,这种正极材料钴含量高,且钴价值高,并且回收工艺可行,因此,从钴酸锂正极材料中回收钴等有价金属,对发展中国的循环经济具有重要意义。同时介绍了锂离子二次电池正极材料的研究现状。     

Consistent estimation of the memory parameter for nonlinear time series

Abstract. For linear processes, semiparametric estimation of the memory parameter, based on the log‐periodogram and local Whittle estimators, has been exhaustively examined and their properties well established. However, except for some specific cases, little is known about the estimation of the memory parameter for nonlinear processes. The purpose of this paper is to provide the general conditions under which the local Whittle estimator of the memory parameter of a stationary process is consistent and to examine its rate of convergence. We show that these conditions are satisfied for linear processes and a wide class of nonlinear models, among others, signal plus noise processes, nonlinear transforms of a Gaussian process ξ_t and exponential generalized autoregressive, conditionally heteroscedastic (EGARCH) models. Special cases where the estimator satisfies the central limit theorem are discussed. The finite‐sample performance of the estimator is investigated in a small Monte Carlo study.     

焦化污水生化处理系统的改造

介绍了焦化污水生化处理系统的改造、开工、调试和运行情况．讨论了处理过程中的影响因素、操作管理经验以及污水处理工艺的特点和发展前景。     

基于水文条件的内陆核电厂放射性液态流出物动态排放模拟研究

以某内陆核电厂址为例,选取90%频率环境来流作为设计基准,建立放射性液态流出物排放量与环境流量等比分配的动态排放模式,采用EFDC数学模型作为模拟手段,分析基准年逐月来流过程放射性液态流出物排放分配方式与环境水体中核素浓度变化的关系,模拟常态化实际来流过程中放射性液态流出物动态排放控制条件和水域浓度规律。应用于典型案例,提出瞬时排放量控制上限与环境流量等比例动态分配相结合的动态排放控制方式,并提出瞬时排放量上限的合理取值为3倍年均排放速率。结果表明,该动态排放控制方式可有效降低受纳水域高浓度出现时间,并实现最大峰值浓度合理控制,削弱放射性液态流出物排放对环境水体的影响。这对内陆核电厂排水管理具有重要指导意义。     

Synthesis of tertiary poly(amido-amine)s with amido- and amino-groups randomly arranged along the macromolecular chain

A new synthesis of poly(amido-amine)s from bis (secondary amine)s and acryloyl chloride has been studied, leading to polymers in which the amido- and amino-groups are randomly arranged along the macromolecular chain. A poly(amido-amine) based on piperazine, chosen as the mother compound, has been fully characterized by ¹³C n.m.r. as well as by identification and quantitative evaluation of its hydrolysis products.     

焦化废水除氟技术及其应用

阐述了焦化废水中氟离子的降解机理,分析了化学沉淀法和混凝沉降法等除氟工艺及其处理效果,并对宝钢焦化废水的除氟工艺的进行了评价。     

亚海水淡化技术处理滩涂水的中试

采用亚海水淡化技术对滩涂水库水淡化，建立了2m^3/h的试验工程，试验过程中对水温、吨水电耗、进水TDS、产水TDS等指标的相关性进行了研究。试验结果表明，滩涂水含盐量约为海水的1／10，在水温大于13℃时，吨水电耗低于2．5kWh，产水含盐量一般在200mg／L以内，出水水质达到国家生活饮用水卫生标准。     

Physiological and behavioral effects of coniferyl benzoate on avian reproduction

Various plant secondary metabolites related to cinnamic acid are of interest because of their repellency to birds and their occurrence in ecologically important food items. Coniferyl benzoate (CB), a phenylpropanoid ester that occurs in quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) is of particular ecological interest because of its effect on ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) feeding behavior and its possible influence on the population dynamics of this bird. During detoxification processes, CB and other analogous compounds are metabolized into by-products, such as ferulic acid (FA), that can cause anti-reproductive effects. We tested whether consumption of CB produces antire-productive effects similar to FA using male and female Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix) as avian models for ruffed grouse. The parameters we investigated included: the production, morphology, and development of eggs; reproductive characteristics influenced by estrogen; serum prolactin levels; and male reproductive behavior. Dietary CB did not produce antireproductive effects similar to FA at intake levels that Japanese quail and ruffed grouse would freely consume. Consumption of CB by Japanese quail significantly reduced egg production and body mass but did not affect male reproductive performance. Coniferyl benzoate's effect on egg production may be explained by lower energy acquisition and retention rather than endocrine changes per se. Contrary to previous reports, it is unlikely that FA, or similar compounds act directly as estrogen mimics or antagonists. Although, CB did reduce egg production in quail, it is unlikely that it would affect egg production in wild ruffed grouse. Detoxification costs and the effects of CB on nutrient utilization may explain why ruffed grouse avoid high dietary levels of CB.     

湿法磷酸装置三废治理新进展

湿法磷酸装置排放的三废对环境危害较大 ,尤其是废水治理长期以来尚未得到全面控制。阐述了某新建的湿法磷酸装置从工艺流程上通盘考虑 ,采用多次串级利用 ,实现污水全封闭、零排放的流程 ,达到了由清到浊、由冷到热 ,多次利用、自身消化 ,实现平衡、避免污染的目的 ,并介绍了废气和废渣治理的新措施。指出应坚持精心操作和维护 ,巩固已取得的三废治理成果     

Interaction of metal ions with carboxylic and carboxamide groups in protein structures

An analysis of the geometry of metal binding by carboxylic andcarboxamide groups in proteins is presented. Most of the ligandsare from aspartic and glutamic acid side chains. Water moleculesbound to carboxylate anions are known to interact with oxygenlone-pairs. However, metal ions are also found to approach thecarboxylate group along the C - O direction. More metal ionsare found to be along the syn than the anti lone-pair direction.This seems to be the result of the stability of the five-memberedring that is formed by the carboxylate anion hydrogen bondedto a ligand water molecule and the metal ion in the syn position.Ligand residues are usually from the helix, turn or regionswith no regular secondary structure. Because of the steric interactionsassociated with bringing all the ligands around a metal center,a calcium ion can bind only near the ends of a helix; a metal,like zinc, with a low coordination number, can bind anywherein the helix. Based on the analysis of the positions of watermolecules in the metal coordination sphere, the sequence ofthe EF hand (a calcium-binding structure) is discussed.