Synthesis and characterization of hydrophilic nanocomposite coating on glass substrate

Hydrophilic coatings based on 3‐glicidoxy propyl trimethoxy silane (GPTMS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were prepared with the incorporation of tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) and silica nanoparticle colloidal suspension by a sol–gel process. Characterization of the coatings has been performed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Attenuated Total Reflectance Infrared (ATR‐IR) techniques. Morphological properties were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The distribution of Si atoms in the hybrid system was obtained by Si mapping. The particle size in sol solution of the coating was measured by light scattering analyzer. Optical properties were characterized by using UV–vis spectrophotometer. The hydrophilicity of the coating was determined by contact angle measurements, and also the results have been confirmed by surface energy and water uptake investigations. The obtained results indicate that the surfactants affected the contact angles remarkably but did not change the transparency. It has been found that applying silica nano particles leads to coatings with different properties than those using TMOS, while siloxane contents were the same in these two set of coatings. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 5322–5329, 2006     

Effects of primary and quaternary amine intercalants on the organoclay dispersion in a sulfur-cured EPDM rubber

The effects of primary and quaternary amine modified montmorillonite (MMT) on the nanocomposite formation in an ethylene/propylene/diene rubber (EPDM) were studied. The organoclay was introduced in 10 parts per 100 rubber (phr) amount in the related recipes. X-ray diffraction spectra (XRD) were recorded in various stages of their processing in order to get information about the intercalation process. The curatives found to play a crucial role, as they promote the intercalation/exfoliation phenomena. Incorporation of MMT modified with octadecylamine (MMT-PRIM) in the EPDM and its more polar version (contains maleic anhydride grafted EPDM, EPDM-MA) resulted in intercalated and exfoliated structures, respectively. Deintercalation of the clay (collapse of the layers), generated in both EPDM and EPDM-MA during vulcanization, was attributed to the reactivity of the PRIM and to its ability to participate in complex formation with the curatives (vulcanization intermediates). This explanation was supported by the non-collapse of the MMT layers when the less reactive modifier, viz. octadecyltrimethylamine served as MMT intercalant (MMT-QUAT). In the latter case the corresponding nanocomposite contained mostly intercalated clay layers based on XRD and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) results.     

纳米复相陶瓷

纳米复相陶瓷以其优异的性能受到大家的关注，成为陶瓷研究领域的研究热点。本文在介绍纳米复相陶瓷分类、材料设计和制备的同时，着重阐述了纳米复相陶瓷中纳米颗粒对材料的显微结构和性能的影响。     

层状硅酸盐 /聚合物纳米复合材料的研究现状与前景

基于1996年以后的40余篇文献和作者的研究成果，综述了层状硅酸盐／聚合物纳米复合材料在制备技术、新品种、新性能、相关理论及应用等方面的最新研究进展，并总结出了以下观点：（1）粘土的有机化是制备纳米复合材料的第一关键要素，单体、预聚体、聚合物熔体与有机土的相容性是制备纳米复合材料的必要条件，外界剪切力可提供帮助；（2）剥离型结构最能体现层状硅酸盐／聚合物纳米复合材料的性能优势，是层状硅酸盐／聚合物纳米复合材料的制备方向；（3）聚合物熔体插层法为简单，是重要的发展方向，要形成剥离型结构，需要同时考虑热力学和动力学因素，基体或相容剂与层间环境的相容性要适中；（4）聚合物乳液共混共凝法有利于传统的制备方法，适合于具有乳液形成的聚合物；（5）在聚合物中原位生成硅酸盐片层的方法具有新意；（6）层状硅酸盐／聚合物纳米复合材料的主要特点是高刚性、高强度、高耐热性、高阻隔性、较好的阻燃性、质轻，目前，该的制备研究正向所有的聚合物品种扩展。汽车部件、包装材料将是层状硅酸盐／聚合物纳米复合材料先应用的两大领域；（7）层状硅酸盐／聚合物纳米复合材料的理论研究进展延慢。界面区状态以及结构－性能间的关系是理论研究的两个主题。     

超高交联树脂吸附对硝基苯乙酮和对硝基苯甲酸的研究

研究了NDA-150、NDA-99、NDA-88、Amberlite XAD-4．4种吸附树脂对对硝基苯乙酮和对硝基苯甲酸的静态吸附行为。结果表明NDA—150树脂对硝基化合物的吸附效果较好。并研究NDA-150树脂的动态吸附和脱附行为．结果显示：NDA-150树脂对对硝基苯甲酸的吸附容量为2．32mmol／g干树脂，对对硝基苯乙酮的吸附容量为3．06mmol／g干树脂。NDA—150树脂易于脱附，吸附对硝基苯甲酸后．用2％NaOH：乙醇(体积比1：1)作脱附剂，温度313K；吸附对硝基苯乙酮后，用甲醇作脱附剂，温度333K，体积6BV，脱附率均接近100％。     

吸附制冷用复合吸附剂导热性能强化

采用混装和添加导热材料强化吸附剂的传热,在高真空重量装置上测定了复合吸附剂的吸附等温线;对吸附剂的吸附和脱附性能进行了差热分析;在吸附制冷循环模拟实验装置上评价了吸附剂传热性能。结果表明:添加导热材料制备的吸附剂导热性能得到了明显改善,吸附床层传热温差降低了23%～30%;复合吸附剂等温线形状没有发生改变,吸附质量分数有所下降;单位质量吸附剂的制冷量提高7.5%～12.5%;混装铁屑的吸附剂制冷量比其单独使用时高24%。     

纳米复相陶瓷材料的烧结技术

纳米复相陶瓷的烧结与普通陶瓷的烧结不同，在纳米复相陶瓷的烧结过程中需要采取相应的措施尽可能地控制晶粒的长大。目前，国内外研究者主要是通过改进传统烧结技术或采用新型烧结技术烧结制备纳米复相陶瓷。文章综述了目前国内外用的比较多的几种制备纳米复相陶瓷的烧结技术，并对其特点和应用情况进行了总结。     

吸附法脱除丁烯中仲丁醇

针对丁烯水合生产仲丁醇过程中,剩余丁烯含有质量分数为0.1%~2.0%的仲丁醇(SBA)而不能满足工业循环的要求,开发了吸附法脱除仲丁醇的技术。对吸附剂进行了筛选,结果表明,所研制的PUMS-01吸附剂有很大的吸附容量,将其应用在兰州炼油化工总厂甲乙酮装置的侧线放大试验中,能将原料中SBA的质量浓度降至100 mg/L以下,再生后的吸附剂吸附性能良好,且稳定。     

原位乳液聚合制备聚苯乙烯丁二烯橡胶/凹凸棒石纳米复合材料

采用原位乳液聚合制备了聚苯乙烯丁二烯橡胶(SBR)/凹凸棒石(AT)纳米复合材料。凹凸棒石的存在一定程度上降低了乳液聚合速率,但对最终聚合产物的分子质量及分子质量分布影响不大。凹凸棒石以长0.5～5μm、直径为20～50nm的棒状纤维均匀的分散在SBR基体中。在硫化过程中,凹凸棒石纤维与橡胶形成互穿网络结构,增加了橡胶的交联密度。随着凹凸棒石的填充量增加,纳米复合材料的300%定伸应力和拉伸强度与纯SBR相比均提高了20%～100%,其补强效果明显高于等量的炭黑N330,还表现出良好的耐磨性能。     

Epoxy‐montmorillonite clay nanocomposites: Synthesis and characterization

Nanocomposites of epoxy resin with montmorillonite clay were synthesized by swelling of different proportions of the clay in a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A followed by in situ polymerization with aromatic diamine as a curing agent. The montmorillonite was modified with octadecylamine and made organophilic. The organoclay was found to be intercalated easily by incorporation of the epoxy precursor and the clay galleries were simultaneously expanded. However, Na‐montmorillonite clay could not be intercalated during the mixing or through the curing process. Curing temperature was found to provide a balance between the reaction rate of the epoxy precursor and the diffusion rate of the curing agent into the clay galleries. The cure kinetics were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The exfoliation behavior of the organoclay system was investigated by X‐ray diffraction. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to determine the thermal stability, which was correlated with the ionic exchange between the organic species and the silicate layers. The morphology of the nanocomposites was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 2201–2210, 2004