Non-Steady Equilibrium during Pro-Eutectoid Ferrite Formation in Fe-0.2C Alloy

Ｔｈｅｐｒｅｃｉｐｉｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆｐｒｏ ｅｕｔｅｃｔｏｉｄｆｅｒｒｉｔｅｆｒｏｍａｕｓｔｅｎｉｔｅｉｓｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｅｄｂｙｄｉｆｆｕｓｉｏｎｉｎＦｅ Ｃａｌｌｏｙｓ .Ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅａｓｓｕｍｐｔｉｏｎｔｈａｔｔｈｅｍｉｇｒａｔｉｎｇｉｎｔｅｒｆａｃｅｉｓａｌｗａｙｓｉｎｌｏｃａｌｅｑｕｉｌｉｂｒｉｕｍ ,ｅａｒｌｙｉｎ 194 9,ＺｅｎｅｒＣ[1] ｅｘｐｌａｉｎｅｄｔｈｅｄｉｆｆｕｓｉｏｎａｌｇｒｏｗｔｈｏｆｐｒｏ ｅｕｔｅｃ ｔｏｉｄｆｅｒｒｉｔｅｂｙｕｓｉｎｇｔｈｅＦｉｃｋ’ｓｌａｗ .Ｓｉｎｃｅ…     

General rate equations and their applications for cyclic reaction networks: multi-cycle systems

The network reduction technique and the Bodenstein approximation of quasi-stationary behavior of reaction intermediates were systematically applied to derive general yield ratio and rate equations for multi-cycle reaction networks in homogeneous catalysis. Dual-cycle reaction networks connected by a linear pathway, multi-cycle networks stemming from the same intermediate, and single-cycle with arbitrary number of pathways between two intermediates were considered. The general yield ratio and rate equations derived in this study are applicable for most enzymatic reactions and for homogeneous catalytic reactions. Examples of homogeneous catalysis were used to illustrate the application of the general yield ratio and rate equations for network elucidation.     

城市建设的休克疗法——大连现象解说

在启动大规模的现代化建设的进程中，应对发展中听中型城市实施“休克疗法”，强调性终止城市发展的无序而缓慢的自然进程。选择短暂的“回归”或“中断”历史的调整时，应以能否适当地的历史文化特质从而把握当代的发展机遇为依据。     

Effect of heating-rate on failure temperature of pre-loaded brass H62

The response and failure of brass H62 specimens subjected to different levels of pre-loaded stresses and heating rates were investigated using a Gleeble-1500 thermal-mechanical material testing system. The metallographs of the tested material were also observed and analyzed. It is found that the increase of either pre-loaded stress or heating-rate decreases the failure temperature. Metallographic analysis shows that high heating-rate may cause stronger local thermal inconsistency （LTI） and remarkably increase the microdefects in the material, which may markedly degrade the macroscopic mechanical properties of the material.     

A new method of characterization for stratified thermal energy stores

A new method for characterization of stratified thermal energy stores (TES) that integrates both the first law and the second law concerns is presented here. The first law concern is incorporated into a quantity called energy response factor and the second law concern into an entropy generation ratio. A product of these two quantities is at the heart of the TES efficiency definitions. This approach removes the overemphasis of the existing methods either on the first or the second law of thermodynamics which often biases the characterization results. The information about the evolution of the temperature field of the system in time is the prerequisite of the new method. It may be obtained from experiments or from suitable numerical simulations. The current method can be easily integrated into computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations and thus facilitate CFD-based design analysis. As an example of such CFD-integrated analysis, a large-scale hot water seasonal heat store is numerically studied to identify the effects of aspect ratio, containment shape, internal structures, and containment size on their efficiency. The results suggest the effectiveness of the new method in deriving useful design insights.     

Characterization of the flow behaviour of sausage emulsions with a simple tube viscometer

A specially designed tube viscometer was used to measure apparent viscosity during flow of Bologna type sausage emulsions moving through a pipe. Emulsions varied in fat content (from 21.8 to 44.3%) and in moisture/protein ratio (from 3.7 to 5.6), and the effects of added sodium chloride, sodium diphosphate, starch and blood plasma were investigated in a 36% fat, 3.7 moisture/protein emulsion.
The shear stresses determined as a function of shear rate were fitted by a power law. Yield stress of the emulsions was negligible relative to the applied stress. However, inspection of the flow profiles indicated that considerable slip of the sausage emulsion occurred at the pipe wall. Both emulsion flow and slip contribute to overall flow behaviour, so a kind of effective viscosity is determined. Intrinsic rheological properties and wall slip will both be affected by the composition of the sausage emulsion.     

一个光纤综合业务环网的故障自动恢复

光纤综合业务区域网是近年来迅速发展的一个领域，环形网是这种网最常用的一种拓扑结构。由于环形网结点串联的特点，网络的可靠性是必须解决的问题。本文针对一个具有３４Ｍｂ／ｓ速率，可以传输计算机数据、话音、传真和会议电视的光纤综合业务环网（ＩＳＲ），研究了其故障的自动隔离。文中分析了ＩＳＲ的故障，讨论了故障的检测、定位和隔离的方法。为了适应综合业务的混合电路交换和分组交换技术，本文提出了采用二分搜索法来定     

合成彩色立方氧化锆的宝石学特征

市场上出现的紫色、浅紫色、浅黄色、粉红色、酒黄色、黄褐色、红色人造立方氧化锆均为亚金刚光泽, 火彩明显; 密度为5.99～6.34 g/cm3, 相对硬度为8～9; 除粉红色者表现出非均质性和弱多色性且内含大量定向排列的白色脱溶物外, 其余的为均质性, 内部洁净; 不同颜色的立方氧化锆的吸收光谱、紫外荧光以及滤色镜下的变色情况均存在差异; 浅紫色立方氧化锆的吸收光谱特征表明它是Nd致色. 能谱分析结果表明: 彩色立方氧化锆的常见元素有Zr, Y, P, Hf, Ca等; Er, Ce, Fe分别是粉红色、红色、酒黄色立方氧化锆的致色元素; 当Y2O3的摩尔分数大于或近于7%时, 立方氧化锆为立方面心结构且内部洁净; 当Y2O3的摩尔分数小于5%时, 立方氧化锆表现为非均质性且内含大量定向分布的白色脱溶物. 用拉尔森改写的格拉斯顿-代尔公式计算其近似折射率为2.12～2.19.     

带有给定切线多边形的保形有理三次B样条曲线

本文给出了带有给定切线多边形的保形有理三次Ｂ样条曲线，其部分权因子可通过选取切点的位置来确定，由此方法还导出了保形有理三次Ｂ样条插值曲线，最后，给出了两个例子。     

局域网视频广播接收器的设计

描述了一个局域网视频广播接收器的设计。发送端以计算机按UDP/IP的方式向局域网中发送视频广播，在接收端利用FPGA器件设计的接收器对广播进行接收、缓冲、格式转换，以电视作为显示终端，并介绍了在FPGA器件中所设计的各个模块。