Electrochemical treatment of cotton textile-based dyeing effluent

The electrochemical treatment (ECT) of textile wastewater was carried out in a 1.5 dm³ electrolyte batch reactor using iron electrodes. With the four plate configurations, a current density (CD) of 89.2 A/m² and a pH value of 8.5 were found to be optimal, at which maximum reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour achieved were 86% and 79%, respectively. Loss of 0.0666 kg/m³ iron electrode and 18.44 kWh/m³ power consumption was observed during ECT with a maximum COD reduction of 79%. The settling characteristics of electrochemically treated effluents as well as the characteristics of foam and residue were also analysed.     

Bioaugmentation of floating treatment wetlands for the remediation of textile effluent

This pilot study evaluated the effects of bacterial augmentation on the efficiency of floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) to remediate textile wastewater. Two wetland plants, Phragmites australis and Typha domingensis, were used to develop FTWs, which were then augmented with a bacterial consortium of three strains (Acinetobacter junii, Pseudomonas indoloxydans, and Rhodococcus sp.). Results showed that both plant species removed colour, organic matter, toxicity, and heavy metals from textile wastewater and their removal efficiency was further enhanced by augmentation with bacteria. The maximum removal efficiencies of colour, COD and BOD after an 8‐day period were 97, 87 and 92%, respectively, by FTWs carrying P. australis inoculated with the bacterial consortium. Furthermore, the same combination showed 87–99% reduction of heavy metals in the textile wastewater as well. These results indicate that FTWs can be used for the treatment of textile effluent and their working efficiency can be improved by plant‐bacterial synergism.     

改性膨润土对黄磷废水的深度处理

探讨了经Al^3改性的膨润土对含磷废水的吸附性能。考察了反应的pH值、温度、时间、吸附剂的用量等因素对改性膨润土吸附性能影响．结果表明：含1．0％ Al^3的改性膨润土对磷有较强的吸附去除作用。在pH=9及300r／min条件下搅拌吸附40min，当Al^3改性膨润土的用量为5g／L时，对13mg／L的含磷废水的吸附量达23．4mg／g；对含磷量不大于11mg／L的废水，其去除率大于95．5％，废水中剩余的磷含量小于0．5mg／L，达到了我国废水综合排放的一级标准。     

去除水中黄药的试验研究

为给选矿废水中残余黄药的去除提供依据，分别采用自然曝晒法、漂白粉氧化法、酸化分解法、亚铁沉淀法、活性炭吸附法对配制的黄药水溶液进行了黄药降解试验，结果表明，以上诸方法均能较彻底地去除溶液中的黄药，使水中的黄原酸盐浓度达到国家排放标准。其中亚铁沉淀法、漂白粉氧化法药剂来源容易，价格便宜，工艺简单，效果好，较适合处理含黄药选矿废水。     

用氯化钡—碳酸钠法从铀水冶酸性废水中除镭的研究

采用氯化钡-碳酸钠-砂滤固液分离的除镭流程，当每升废水中Bs2＋的投入量为3～5mg，碳酸钠投入量为5mg，可将含镭3．7Bq／L、pH值为6～9的铀水冶厂酸性废水处理到含镭3．7×10－2Bq／L数量级，镭去除率大于90％。     

Economical treatment of reverse osmosis reject of textile industry effluent by electrodialysis–evaporation integrated process

Membrane separation methods such as electrodialysis (ED) can reduce the volume load on evaporators by facilitating further concentration of rejects from reverse osmosis (RO) plants. ED studies were carried out on a bench-scale system using five membrane cell pairs to obtain a textile effluent concentrate containing approximately 6 times the quantity of salts present in the RO reject. The limiting current densities were determined to be in the range 2.15–3.35 amp/m² for feed flow rates varying from 18 to 108 L/h. Apart from feed rate, the influence of volume of concentrate and current on membrane performance was evaluated to optimize current utilization. An estimation of energy requirement of an integrated process constituting ED and evaporation for concentration of inorganics present in textile effluent from 4.35% to 24% was made and found to be approximately one eighth of the operating cost incurred by evaporation alone. Detailed design of a commercial ED system revealed that a membrane area of 13.1 m² was required to treat a feed rate of 1500 L/h. The payback period to recover capital investment was found to be 110 days.     

三维电极法处理印染废水二级出水的试验研究

印染废水二级出水中含有难生物降解的有毒有害物质,国家和地方制定了日益严格的污染物排放标准。这就要求企业对二级出水进行深度处理,实现废水重复利用。文章以广州某印染废水处理厂的二级出水为研究对象,利用三维电极法进行CODCr去除试验,考察了电解时间、直流电压、进水pH及曝气量对CODCr去除率的影响。试验表明:三维电极法对印染废水二级出水CODCr有良好的去除效果:当电解时间为15 min、直流电压为28 V、进水pH为3.5、曝气量为一般强度时,出水CODCr浓度可从88 mg/L降低到37 mg/L,对应的去除率为57.9%。     

我国油田废水处理工艺的现状及研究进展

油田废水处理中包括回注水处理,稠油油田采出水回用注汽锅炉处理,油田外排水处理三大应用方向。本文从油田回注水除油除悬浮物,稠油废水阻垢缓蚀、脱硫消毒,生物法处理油田外排水几个方面介绍了国内外油田废水处理的新技术、工程实例及发展方向。     

Reuse potential of municipal wastewater treatment facility effluents for sustainable water resource management in Ulsan,Korea

Effluent qualities of five municipal wastewater treatment facilities (MWWTFs) in Ulsan were evaluated to examine their reuse potential. Effluent from Yongyeon (Y) MWWTF, Onsan (O) MWWTF and Bangeojin (B) MWWTFs can be used as cooling water without further treatment. As evident from Langelier saturation index and Ryzner index values, reuse of treated effluent from OMWWTF and BMWWTFs is recommended by controlling the pH to reduce the scale-forming potential of effluent. However, effluents from these MWWTFs need additional treatment to remove residual dissolved constituents before reuse as boiler water. Besides, effluent from Hoiya (H) MWWTF and Unyang (U) MWWTFs can be reused for agricultural irrigation without any additional treatment. Based on the scientific results obtained from this investigation, proper application of technology and promotion of public awareness to change the traditional mindset for treated effluent reuse could immensely contribute towards conserving local water resources and addressing global environmental problems on a regional basis.