基于优化的同构子图搜索的虚拟网络映射算法

针对现有虚拟网络映射算法的不足,首先提出了一个综合考虑网络中节点资源需求(能力)和拓扑属性的节点资源能力评价方法,合理地评价节点资源能力,优化了虚拟节点的映射顺序;其次改进了虚拟节点映射时备选物理节点的选择过程,提高了虚拟链路映射质量;最后通过考虑物理网络子区域内的资源总量,优化了算法中初始资源分配区域的选择。实验结果表明:与已有的算法相比,本文映射算法在映射质量、长期平均收益、长期平均接收率、算法执行时间等方面均有明显提高。     

基于状态空间法的多子阵超分辨测向技术

基于状态空间法,提出了一种稀疏多子阵场景下的超分辨测向技术．该技术利用多个物理阵列的接收数据．应用状态空间法在子阵间进行虚拟阵元内插,从而合成具有等效大孔径的雷达阵列,以提高测向分辨率．数值仿真结果表明,应用该技术使波束宽度远小于目标的角间距,能够很好地分辨并确定目标的方位角,从而验证了所提超分辨测向技术的有效性．     

基于PPT跟踪器和Cyber手套的虚拟手交互

提出了一种基于PPT(precision position tracker)跟踪器和Cyber手套的虚拟手交互方法,该方法先是通过PPT跟踪器获取人手的空间方位和移动数据以及通过Cyber手套获取手指各关节的运动数据;接着构建相应的数据结构,关联数据手套、位置跟踪器和虚拟手,驱动虚拟手操作,实现虚拟手在3D虚拟环境中的自然交互.实验结果表明此方法可以实时地获取数据手套运动数据并控制虚拟手操作,视觉效果良好,交互行为直观.     

全站仪和GPS数据格式的转化方法

全站仪和GPS下载的数据,其中大部分都是非DAT数据,而利用全站仪和GPS在野外所采集的数据进行计算机数字制图或测量控制网观测数据的处理时,需要DAT数据文件。在这种情况下,将所下载的非DAT数据文件转换成DAT数据文件,就显得较为重要。针对下载的非DAT格式的数据,利用WORD,EXCEL,CAD等大众化普及软件的某些功能,生成计算机数字制图或测量控制时可以被识别的DAT格式数据文件。该方法操作简单,易于掌握,避免用户开发或编写更复杂的软件和程序。从而达到事半功倍的效果。     

Surface exploration using laparoscopic surgical instruments: The perception of surface roughness

During laparoscopic surgery video images are used to guide the movements of the hand and instruments, and objects in the operating field often obscure these images. Thus, surgeons often rely heavily on tactile information (sense of touch) to help guide their movements. It is important to understand how tactile perception is affected when using laparoscopic instruments, since many surgical judgements are based on how a tissue ‘feels’ to the surgeon, particularly in situations where visual inputs are degraded. Twelve naïve participants used either their index finger or a laparoscopic instrument to explore sandpaper surfaces of various grits (60, 100, 150 and 220). These movements were generated with either vision or no vision. Participants were asked to estimate the roughness of the surfaces they explored. The normal and tangential forces of either the finger or instrument on the sandpaper surfaces were measured. Results showed that participants were able to judge the roughness of the sandpaper surfaces when using both the finger and the instrument. However, post hoc comparisons showed that perceptual judgements of surface texture were altered in the no vision condition compared to the vision condition. This was also the case when using the instrument, compared to the judgements provided when exploring with the finger. This highlights the importance of the completeness of the video images during laparoscopic surgery. More normal and tangential force was used when exploring the surfaces with the finger as opposed to the instrument. This was probably an attempt to increase the contact area of the fingertip to maximize tactile input. With the instrument, texture was probably sensed through vibrations of the instrument in the hand. Applications of the findings lie in the field of laparoscopic surgery simulation techniques and tactile perception.     

Standardisation of digital human models

Digital human models (DHM) have evolved as useful tools for ergonomic workplace design and product development, and found in various industries and education. DHM systems which dominate the market were developed for specific purposes and differ significantly, which is not only reflected in non-compatible results of DHM simulations, but also provoking misunderstanding of how DHM simulations relate to real world problems. While DHM developers are restricted by uncertainty about the user need and lack of model data related standards, users are confined to one specific product and cannot exchange results, or upgrade to another DHM system, as their previous results would be rendered worthless. Furthermore, origin and validity of anthropometric and biomechanical data is not transparent to the user. The lack of standardisation in DHM systems has become a major roadblock in further system development, affecting all stakeholders in the DHM industry. Evidently, a framework for standardising digital human models is necessary to overcome current obstructions. Practitioner Summary: This short communication addresses a standardisation issue for digital human models, which has been addressed at the International Ergonomics Association Technical Committee for Human Simulation and Virtual Environments. It is the outcome of a workshop at the DHM 2011 symposium in Lyon, which concluded steps towards DHM standardisation that need to be taken.     

太阳辐射计检定用多维工作台的研制

针对太阳辐射计量仪表进行检定的需要,提出了一种具有四个自由度功能动作的多维检定工作台。工作台在与太阳模拟器联合,可同时对两块待栓仪表的参数误差进行检定。在对太阳高度角和方位角的研究基础上,阐述了工作台旋转机构、升降机构、俯仰机构和转臂机构的设计过程,并对工作台的控制系统进行了说明。测试结果表明多维工作台各级转动误差小于0．05°,由倾角仪和步进电机组成的台面水平控制误差在±10’以内,满足设计指标要求。     

全方位移动下肢康复机器人的虚拟样机建模和仿真

通过对全方位移动康复机器人的运动学和动力学分析,建立机器人的动力学控制模型,同时采用虚拟样机技术建立机器人多刚体动力学三维模型,并通过定义输入输出变量及其接口,与Matlab软件进行机电一体化联合仿真．通过仿真表明康复机器人数学模型的正确性．     

一种多幅单视角图像的双投影柱面全景图生成算法

提出一种多幅单视角图像的双投影柱面全景图生成算法.首先对多幅单视角图像进行正投影,形成一幅空间柱面形状的立体图像;其次对图像重叠部分的对应特征区域进行匹配和接合来实现图像无缝拼接;最后把得到的空间柱面立体图像在圆柱体侧面的任意一个切平面上反投影展开,即可生成一幅360度柱面全景图.实验表明,该算法运算量较小,能快速、有效的生成柱面全景图.     

基于传播算子的二维ESPRIT算法

为了提高经典参数估计旋转不变法(Estimation of signal parameters via rotational Invariance Technique,ESPRIT)处理数据的效率,提出基于传播算子的二维虚拟ESPRIT的改进算法。该算法通过构造一组虚拟阵列得到新的虚拟接收数据,利用传播算子将这组新数据与真实阵列得到的数据进行数据重构,从而得到噪声子空间避免特征值分解,最终可估计出用户的二维波达方向估计。理论分析表明,该方法的波达方向估计性能优于传统的ESPRIT方法,且降低了运算量,提高了阵列的利用率和算法的抗干扰能力,最后由计算机仿真实验证明此方法的有效性。