基于Monte-Carlo法的圆锥形黑体腔有效发射率的研究

应用Monte-Carlo法计算圆锥形黑体空腔的有效发射率,并与有限元方法进行了对比。分析了腔体的几何参数、材料发射率、探测器距腔口距离等因素对黑体腔有效发射率的影响。结果表明:两种分析方法得到的结果基本相同,即腔体长度与腔体半径比为6,开孔半径和腔体半径比为0.5,圆锥角度≥90°,材料发射率≥0.5,探测器到腔口距离达到腔体半径为15倍时,圆锥形黑体腔有效发射率较大。     

瞬态高温测试中蓝宝石光纤传感器的误差补偿

蓝宝石光纤温度传感器是一种利用蓝宝石单晶光纤端部镀以Pt,Ir等贵金属或耐高温陶瓷薄膜做为光纤传感头的新型传感器,这种方法基于黑体辐射原理。为了解决瞬态高温测量中存在的非线性误差问题,分析了蓝宝石光纤温度传感器的黑体辐射原理和非线性误差的来源,给出了温度误差的修正方法,并利用标准红外辐射测温仪进行温度校正。校正后的结果能够满足实际测温需求。     

红外辐射温度测量技术讲座──第五讲 高温炉内被加热钢坯的辐射测温法

在叙述炉内辐射测温各种干扰形成原理和防止措施的基础上，讲述目前可供应用的几种炉内放加热物体的辐射测温法。这几种方法是：双温度计法；水冷遮蔽装置法和基准干扰辐射源法。     

Triple-Fixed-Point Blackbody for the Calibration of Radiation Thermometers

A new triple-fixed-point blackbody containing the fixed-point materials aluminum (freezing point 660.323°C), zinc (FP 419.527°C), and tin (FP 231.928°C) in one device has been developed at the Ilmenau University of Technology. It enables calibration of a radiation thermometer with direct reference to the ITS-90 at three fixed points after a single adjustment of the calibration object. The setup significantly reduces the technical effort and the time for the calibration procedure. Measurements of the phase-transition temperature and the time-dependent blackbody temperature made with a transfer radiation thermometer, the Linearpyrometer LP5 of the IKE Stuttgart, are presented in the article.     

Temperature Measurement: Christiansen Wavelength and Blackbody Reference

The aim of this paper is to propose simple and reliable methods to measure temperatures exceeding 1500°C by pyrometry on dielectric heteropolar compounds. By adopting a spectroscopic approach based on a knowledge of the material (chemical composition, texture, size), it is suggested first to work at the Christiansen wavelength that is nearly independent of temperature, the texture, and the shape. Second, recent developments concerning plate blackbodies that are operable up to 1600 K are presented. Such compact systems are suitable to be installed in industrial heating devices in order to easily calibrate the pyrometer. Paper presented at the Seventh International Workshop on Subsecond Thermophysics, October 6–8, 2004, Orléans, France.     

The 1990 NIST Scales of Thermal Radiometry

Following an absolute NIST measurement of the freezing temperature of gold and the adoption of the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90), NIST has adopted new measurement scales for the calibration services based on thermal radiometry. In this paper, the new scales are defined and compared to the ITS-90, and the effects of the scale changes on NIST measurement services in optical pyrometry, radiometry, and photometry are assessed quantitatively. The changes in reported calibration values are within quoted uncertainties, and have resulted in small improvements in accuracy and better consistency with other radiometric scales.     

感应炉黑体辐射光纤温度检测系统

针对感应炉温度高、电磁干扰强的特点,提出了采用辐射式光纤传感技术,利用光纤非接触测量炉内热辐射发光亮度的方法,该方法能够快速准确的测得熔融金属的温度值,不受电磁干扰的影响,比消耗贵重金属的高温热电偶节约了成本．给出了测量电路的组成,并与标准铂-铑热电偶的测量值进行了比较。     

被动式红外光谱仪标定方法的对比研究

采用加拿大BOMEN公司生产的MR--254型傅里叶变换红外(Fourier Transform InfraRed, FTIR)光谱仪,探讨了 标定方法对被动式红外光谱仪辐射测量精度的影响。以温度范围为50～1000℃的高温黑体 和温度范围为300～1700℃的超高温黑体作为标准辐射体,分别采用线性和非线性多点校准法 对光谱仪进行了标定。结果表明,采用多点非线性校准法的校准结果更加精确,其校准后的辐射谱 与理论辐射谱之间的平均相对偏差为0.6%。     

发热物体表面发射率在线长时测量方法

为了解决发射率长时持续测量中的温度补偿问题,介绍了一种发热物体表面发射率的在线测量方法.其系统由半球反射罩、半球吸收罩、热电堆探测器和补偿用各测温元件等组成.文中详细分析了基于转换黑体法的发射率测量中的误差补偿问题,建立了合理可行的补偿模型,消除了反射罩、吸收罩和探测器冷端温度变化带来的影响,从而实现发射率的长时持续在线实时测量.通过对实验室标准样板进行对比实验,证实该方法切实可行,具有较好的应用前景.     

有限差分逼近法的瞬态高温外推实验研究

用蓝宝石光纤黑体腔温度传感器测温时,首先将黑体腔内表面发出的热辐射信号转换成电信号,再根据电信号得到被测物的温度值.严格地讲,这只是黑体腔内表面的温度,而非被测物的真实温度.为了弥补这一不足,分析了黑体腔膜层的导热规律,并建立了传热数学模型,用有限差分逼近法求解了数学模型,并推导出了黑体腔外表面的温度.实验结果表明,蓝...