Synthesis of BaTi4O9 ceramics by reaction-sintering process

Synthesis of BaTi₄O₉ ceramics by a reaction-sintering process was investigated. The mixture of raw materials for stoichiometric BaTi₄O₉ were pressed and sintered into ceramics without any calcination stage involved. Pure BaTi₄O₉ phases were obtained at 1150-1280 °C. High-sintered density, 98.2-99.5% of theoretical value (4.533 g/cm³), can be obtained for pellets sintered at 1200-1280 °C for 2-6 h. Some rod-shaped grains 3-7 μm in the longitudinal axis appear in pellets sintered at 1230 °C. Both the size and the amount of these rod-shaped grains increase at higher sintering temperature.     

P20塑料模具钢的回火组织与硬度

应用光学金相显微镜、透射电镜、洛氏硬度计对P20塑料模具钢进行了显微组织观察和硬度测定．研究了其在不同回火热处理工艺下得到的不同回火组织(粒状贝氏体回火组织和马氏体回火组织)及其硬度的变化规律，并分析了它们的异同．结果发现，回火热处理工艺对粒状贝氏体和马氏体的影响类似，只是粒状贝氏体的抗回火性能比马氏体高．650℃回火时，2种组织及硬度差别不大，且能满足塑料模具钢的使用硬度要求．     

斜管法流变制浆设备工艺参数的研究

采用斜管法流变制浆工艺生产ZLl01，获得了符合金属半固态加工要求的细小、近球状的“非枝晶”组织．主要考查了斜管、浇注温度和冷却速度等因素对合金的微观组织形成过程的影响．结果表明，斜管在该工艺中起到了增加形核的作用；采用低温浇注有利于形核，但浇注温度又不能太低，浇注温度为635℃时的效果最佳；冷却速度太快太慢都难以得到合适的微观组织．结晶器的预热温度为560℃时效果最佳．要想得到细小、近球状的“非枝晶”组织，必须有一个合适的冷却规范．     

挤压铸造Al2O3/Al-4.5Cu复合材料的凝固组织和偏析的研究

采用挤压铸造法制备了Al2O3短纤维增强Al-4.5Cu复合材料，研究了凝固组织及其偏析现象，结果表明：用挤压铸造法制备的复合材料的组织致密，纤维分布均匀，基体组织细小，纤维与基体间存在明显的界面层，在凝固过程中，α－Al相在短纤维间隙中形核并向纤维表面生长，θ－CuAl2相以Al2O3短纤维为基底非匀质形核；随着预制件温度的升高，纤维表面Cu元素的浓度增大，纤维间隙中的Cu元素的浓度减小，即元素的偏析现象显著。     

碳纳米管增强镁基复合材料的性能与微观结构

以纯镁作基体 ,多壁弯曲碳纳米管 (CNTs)作增强体 ,在氩气保护下 ,采用搅拌铸造的方法制成了碳纳米管增强镁基复合材料 ,对其力学性能进行了测试 ,用 TEM和 EDS方法对碳纳米管涂覆层的界面结构和成分进行分析 ,探讨CNTs与纯镁的复合机理及作用机制。试验结果表明 :CNTs的加入量不高时 ,CNTs对镁基材料具有较好的增强效果 ,复合材料抗拉强度和延伸率可同时得以提高 ,且经过涂覆处理的 CNTs的增强效果更明显。复合材料的抗拉强度比基体最高可提高 15 0 % ,延伸率比基体最高可提高 30 %。     

纯铜在凝固中微观组织演化的模拟

利用连续准瞬时形核模型和CA模型，结合凝固过程中传热、枝晶尖端生长动力学等因素作用，建立了一个二维元胞自动机模型，并根据这个模型模拟了纯铜铸件在凝固过程中形核、生长的微观过程．将模拟结果与实际组织进行比较表明，该模型可以近似地描述纯铜的凝固组织。     

Aspects of microstructure in low carbon steels produced by the CSP process

The solidification structure, microstructure evolution during rolling and precipitates with nanometers in dimension of the low carbon steels produced by CSP process with thin slabs have been studied in recent years. Important differences in microstructure and mechanical properties between the CSP products and the conventional one were observed. These differences may arise from the much rapider solidification rate and cooling rate after casting of the thin slabs. Some aspects of the microstructure for the low carbon steels of the CSP thin slabs are summarized and compared with the conventional one.     

Development of grain boundary allotriomorphic ferrite/granular bainite duplex steel

A new hot-rolled low alloy high strength steel with grain boundary allotriomorphic ferrite/granular bainite duplex micro-structure has been developed through novel microstructure and alloying designs without any noble metal elements such as nickel and molybdenum. Its as-rolled microstructure and mechanical properties, fatigue crack propagation behavior compared with single granular bainitic steel as well as continuous cooling transformation, were investigated in detail. The measured result of CCT (continuous cooling transformation) curve shows that such duplex microstructure can be easily obtained within a wide air-cooling rate range. More importantly, this duplex microstructure has much better combination of toughness and strength than the single granular bainite microstructure. It is found that the grain boundary allotriomorphic ferrite in this duplex microstructure can blunt the rni-crocrack tip, cause fatigue crack propagation route branching and curving, and thus it increases the resistance to fati     

Microstructure and Fractural Morphology of Cobalt-based Alloy Laser Cladding

1　IntroductionCobalt basedalloyiswidelyusedingasturbineair craftenginesandvalvespumpshaftsofpressurevessels[1,2 ] ,duetoitshighflowstressesandoutstandingresistancetooxidationandwearuptotemperaturesclosingtoitsmeltingpoint.Thehighsolidificationrateoflasercladdingtendstoresultinfinemicrostructures ,non equi libriumphasesandsupersaturatedsolidsolutions ,whichleadtohighhardnessandwearandcorrosionresi stance[3 -5] .However,crackingfrequentlyappearsinthelasercladdinglayerwhichlimitstheuseofthissurf…     

Microstructure and Composition of Hydration Products of Ordinary Portland Cement with Ground Steel-making Slag

1　IntroductionSteel makingslagisthewasteofsteel makingindus tryandnearlysixteenmilliontonssteel makingslagisproducedinChinaperyear[1] .Justasflyashandblastfurnaceslag ,itisoneofthreekindsofdominantindustrywastesinourcountry .Eventhoughsteel makingslagce menthasdevelopedformorethantwentyyearsinCh ina[2 ,3 ] ,comparedwithothertwowastes ,thestudyandap plicationonsteel makingslagincementandconcreteareinsufficientyet.Moststeel makingslagcementsarepre paredbyinter grindingprocess ,sotheparticlesiz…