基于数据挖掘的复杂装备维修辅助决策研究

文章通过某装备维修信息框架分析,维修数据预处理,然后以维修记录为例,挖掘出了维修件之间关联规则,并采用决策树分类方法对维修件进行了分类,这些规则和分类结果可以为维修计划制定、器材采购、视情维修等方面提供决策依据。     

Polynomial approximation of functions of matrices and applications

In solving a mathematical problem numerically, we frequently need to operate on a vector by an operator that can be expressed asf(A), whereA is anN ×N matrix [e.g., exp(A), sin(A), A^–-]. Except for very simple matrices, it is impractical to construct the matrixf (A) explicitly. Usually an approximation to it is used. This paper develops an algorithm based upon a polynomial approximation tof (A). First the problem is reduced to a problem of approximatingf (z) by a polynomial in z, where z belongs to a domainD in the complex plane that includes all the eigenvalues ofA. This approximation problem is treated by interpolatingf (z) in a certain set of points that is known to have some maximal properties. The approximation thus achieved is almost best. Implementing the algorithm to some practical problems is described. Since a solution to a linear systemAx=b isx=A ^–1 b, an iterative solution algorithm can be based upon a polynomial approximation tof (A)=A ^–1. We give special attention to this important problem.     

Supporting inconsistent rules in database systems

When a set of rules generates (conflicting) values for a virtual attribute of some tuple, the system must resolve the inconsistency and decide on a unique value that is assigned to that attribute. In most current systems, the conflict is resolved based on criteria that choose one of the rules in the conflicting set and use the value that it generated. There are several applications, however, where inconsistencies of the above form arise, whose semantics demand a different form of resolution. We propose a general framework for the study of the conflict resolution problem, and suggest a variety of resolution criteria, which collectively subsume all previously known solutions. With several new criteria being introduced, the semantics of several applications are captured more accurately than in the past. We discuss how conflict resolution criteria can be specified at the schema or the rule-module level. Finally, we suggest some implementation techniques based on rule indexing, which allow conflicts to be resolved efficiently at compile time, so that at run time only a single rule is processed.An earlier version of this work appeared under the title Conflict Resolution of Rules Assigning Values to Virtual Attributes inProceedings of the 1989 ACM-Sigmod Conference, Portland, OR, June 1989, pp. 205–214.Partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant IRI-9157368 (PYI Award) and by grants from DEC, HP, and AT&T.Partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant IRI-9057573 (PYI Award), IBM, DEC, and the University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS).     

一种改进的人脸纹理映射方法

识别人脸图像优化问题,由于人脸纹理映射时容易出现的纹理扭曲和畸变现象,影响图像的真实性,提出一种改进的纹理图像映射方法。根据人脸特征点信息,利用特征块匹配法配准正侧面人脸图像,并使用加权平滑算法和金字塔方法对图像进行双重融合实现图像的平滑过渡;然后利用一种特殊的定位方法来计算三维人脸模型上顶点对应的纹理坐标;最后根据纹理坐标将纹理图像映射到三维特定人脸模型表面上,可得到具有真实感的三维人脸模型。实验结果表明,纹理合成方法简捷有效,纹理映射结果生动逼真,有效的避免了纹理图像的扭曲和畸变现象,具有较高的鲁棒性。     

基于MYGCC的编程规则检查算法研究

MYGCC是一个编程规则检查工具,其目前的检查算法存在局限性,不能完整地展示违反编程规则的程序路径。本文提出并实现了一种改进的编程规则检查算法,可以弥补上述的局限性。实验表明改进算法是有效的,此改进有助于用户更准确地定位错误位置,方便对编程错误的修正。     

基于规则引擎的电子采购逆向竞拍的研究

近年来规则引擎技术已广泛应用于金融、电子商务及制造业等领域。当前大型企业的采购方式越来越多样化,传统采购系统所采用的逆向竞拍方案已不能满足现有需求。本文研究了规则引擎技术在企业电子采购系统中的应用,以将程序代码和业务规则分离开来。企业可以按照不同采购需求个性化配置采购规则,规则引擎控制整个拍卖过程,拍卖结束后系统再利用规则引擎自动对报价进行评分,帮助企业选择最优供应商,使其在采购过程中降低成本,提高采购效率。     

基于词间关系分析的文本特征选择算法

传统的特征选择方法通常使用特征评价函数从原始词集中筛选出最具有类别区分能力的特征。这些方法是基于以独立的词作为语义单元的向量空间模型,忽略了词与词之间的关联关系,难以突出文本内容中的关键特征。针对传统特征选择方法的不足,本文提出一种新的基于词间关系的文本特征选择算法。该方法考虑对文本内容表示起到关键性作用的词,利用关联规则挖掘算法发现词语之间的关联关系,并且通过相关分析对强关联规则进行筛选,最终生成与类别属性密切相关的特征空间。实验结果表明,该方法更好地表示了文本的语义内容,而且分类效果优于传统算法。     

太阳风粒子数据映射模型的设计与实现

为了能够快速获得第三级太阳风粒子可分析处理的结构化数据,本文采用将数据映射到内存和采用语言集成查询技术解决数据的完整映射和快速访问。通过设计数据映射模型,将用PDS数据的数据标签和数据产品分别映射到模型的值域和属性域,解决本地或网络数据内存映射的问题。为测试这个实例,采用双倍缓冲和贝塞尔插值技术对数据能谱进行了实时绘制。结果表明该模型具有高效性、完备性和高吻合度。这个基于内存映射的模型能够较好地解决异构数据快速结构化数据访问的数据源动力不足问题,为进一步处理和分析太阳高能粒子的频谱、成份和通量及随时间、空间变化的分布特征等提供了基础。     

基于联邦数据库的数据集成平台研究与改进

本文提出了在联邦数据库模式下增加全局映射模式来集成异构数据的方案,即通过映射规则建立自定义的全局逻辑数据库,实现逻辑数据库与关系数据库数据之间的数据映射,解决异构数据库连接平台与子数据库的数据映射抽取问题。能够根据全局映射的逻辑数据库集成操作每一个子数据库。本文所提出的方案为联邦数据库增加了全局映射模式,是联邦系统的一种改进。     

Photothermal radiometric detection and imaging of surface cracks

This paper discusses surface crack detection by photothermal radiometric imaging (PRI). In PRI, also called dynamic infrared scanning, a surface is scanned with a spot of heat. Imperfections are detected by radiometrically sensing changes in the surface temperature of a small area in the vicinity of this spot. In the work described, cracks narrower than 25 µm (0.001 in.) in a lightly rusted steel surface have been detected. Indiscrete scanning an amplitude modulated heating beam is moved in steps, remaining at each location long enough to measure amplitude and phase of the AC temperature. Incontinuous scanning a constant intensity heating beam is moved continuously while the temperature deviations are measured. This paper presents methods of calculating amplitude and phase of surface temperature for discrete scanning and instantaneous temperature for continuous scanning across a surface crack. For a steel surface scanned by a watt-level laser beam, predicted surface temperature deviations when crossing the crack are several degrees Celsius, with expected radiometrically detected power several orders of magnitude above the detector noise. In experiments performed, both techniques easily detected narrow cracks in a smooth, clean surface. Discolorations and pits, on the other hand, generate a disturbing type of surface noise. This noise was minimized by differential detection. Based on results obtained, continuously scanned PRI with a fan-type heating beam and array detection could become a viable way of mapping surface cracks at practical scanning speeds.