空馈双面阵相控阵雷达工作方式设计及特点

利用空馈双面阵相控阵雷达的特点，在不增加设备基础上，通过切换开关控制双面阵分时工作，提高搜索和跟踪数据率，缩短航迹建立时间，实现了对空气动力目标和TBM兼容探测，同时给出了空气动力目标探测、TBM探测、集能探测工作方式设计方法和能量调度原则。     

Cutter force measurement on tunnel boring machines – Implementation at Koralm tunnel

Loading of a disk cutter on tunnel boring machines (TBM) is usually estimated from global machine thrust. In order to be able to measure cutting forces of an individual disk cutter, a new measurement method was developed and published in a previous paper (Entacher et al., 2012). This study presents the implementation process of the measurement method at the first TBM of the Austrian Koralm tunnel. Results show that peak forces are a multiple of average forces and that the distribution of forces across the tunnel face can be very irregular. The occurring forces are in very good agreement with geological features of the tunnel face such as highly fractured zones and orientation of schistosity.     

HIP joining of RAFM/RAFM steel and beryllium/RAFM steel for fabrication of the ITER TBM first wall

One of the main research and development issues concerning the test blanket module (TBM) is the development of joining technologies for fabrication of the first wall. The objectives of the present study are to investigate the effects of thermal history corresponding to the TBM fabrication process on reduced activation ferritic martensitic (RAFM) steel microstructure, and to establish the appropriate hot isostatic pressure (HIP) conditions for the fabrication of RAFM/RAFM steels and beryllium (Be)/RAFM steels joints without degradation of the mechanical properties of the RAFM steel or delamination of the joined interface. In this study, RAFM and RAFM steels were joined by HIPing at 1050 °C under 100 MPa for 2 h. During the HIP process, the thermally altered microstructure and mechanical properties were recovered to the as-received state by subsequent normalizing at 950 °C for 2 h and tempering at 750 °C for 2 h. Be and RAFM steels were also bonded successfully by the application of Ti/Cu interlayers and HIPing at 850 °C under 100 MPa for 2 h.     

全断面双护盾掘进机检修洞室开挖

在长隧洞开挖中由于TBM设备不能一次性完成掘进任务,需中间停机进行一次全面维护,而检修洞室的开挖至关重要,在围岩较差的情况下,要合理调整开挖参数,科学安全分块开挖。文中着重对全断面双护盾掘进机检修洞室的开挖施工顺序进行了分析,为今后的类似工程施工提供经验和参考。     

Causes of reduction in shield TBM performance - A case study in Seoul

This study investigates the fundamental reasons of reduction for excavation performance on shield TBM in the Han River riverbed tunnel by means of analysis of field measurement data. For the study: (1) measurement data were analyzed by both the thrust and penetration rate data in a given section with rock types and direction types, (2) a number of disk cutter consumption and types of abrasion were analyzed, (3) an exhaust ratio of screw conveyor and design problem of screw conveyor were analyzed by earth mud which becomes the rock powder. As a result of this study, it was found that the lack of penetration depth caused by lower thrust, disk changes according to rapidly changing rock types, and installed angle of screw conveyor, play an important role in the excavation performance.     

全断面掘进机施工隧洞的围岩地质条件

我国目前的地下工程围岩分类法,对于全断面隧洞掘进机施工都不完全适用。文中从隧洞掘进机施工的特点和总结山西引黄工程等双护盾式掘进机隧洞施工的经验入手,以GB50086等国家标准为参照,提出以岩体结构、地下水、围岩强度应力比、能否形成围岩承载圈和毛洞稳定情况等为衡量指标的掘进机施工适宜性分类方法。可供同类工程施工、衬砌设计和制订相关标准参考。     

隧洞掘进机(TBM)施工的隧洞衬砌管片预制厂设计及混凝土管片制作

文中介绍了用隧洞掘进机(TBM)施工的隧洞管片预制厂设计及预制管片的生产工艺。     

功效系数法在TBM选型定量化决策中的应用

针对TBM选型单指标决策的局限性和主观臆断的缺陷,引入功效系数法,实现影响TBM选型多个指标的综合决策和定量化。选取地质适应性、线网适应性、施工进度、设备造价、支护费用、洞室稳定性6个具有代表性评价指标,采用Delphi法确定各指标的权重系数,建立TBM选型功效系数法模型。运用所建模型对重庆市地铁6#线一期工程礼嘉站—平场站和平场站—黄茅坪站区间的TBM选型(开敞式TBM、单护盾式TBM、双护盾式TBM、复合式TBM)。研究结果表明:运用功效系数法进行TBM选型,实现了多指标的定量化决策,简单,准确,具有良好的工程应用价值。     

基于密实核理论的单滚刀多阶段受力预测模型

基于密实核理论,针对特定岩石条件,考虑滚刀在破岩过程中复杂的受力情况,将滚刀楔形刃破岩过程分为四个阶段:弹性变形阶段、挤压破碎阶段、密实核破碎阶段与卸载阶段,且认为在密实核破碎阶段,密实核处于静水压状态,静水压力增大,会使受力物体的体积缩小,但不会改变其形状。并提出了单滚刀多阶段受力预测模型。进而开展了单滚刀线性切割岩石试验研究,并与理论模型进行了对比。结果表明:预测模型与实验数据垂直力、侧向力和滚动力的误差分别在(8~18)k N,(2~5)k N和(0~3)k N;在此基础上对预测模型进行了系数修正,使其能够更加真实地模拟滚刀破岩的受力情况,为滚刀以及刀盘的设计提供技术支撑。     

复合地层TBM双滚刀破岩过程数值流形模拟研究

大型交通、矿山和水利工程TBM施工中不可避免会遇到复合地层,复合地层中TBM双滚刀破岩特征与均质岩层有较大差异。基于数值流形方法处理非连续问题的能力,引入弱不连续物理覆盖来对复合地层层理面进行表征,提出了模拟裂隙网络扩展过程的数值流形算法,进一步建立了模拟复合地层滚刀破岩过程的数值流形模型。同时,对软硬不均复合地层中不同刀间距的双滚刀破岩过程进行了模拟分析,研究发现：在相同贯入度下,不同滚刀间距的应力分布均具有明显的不对称性,硬岩中滚刀推力远高于软岩,从而易造成滚刀偏磨;当滚刀间距为100 mm时,两滚刀间岩片厚度达到最大值23.7 mm,刀间距增大或减小时,岩片厚度均出现降低趋势;不同刀间距条件下,软岩的破碎率均高于硬岩,其中软岩破碎率随刀间距的增加而增大,硬岩破碎率则在刀间距为100 mm时达到最大值10.5%。上述结果表明,在复合地层中,岩性对于TBM岩机安全及破岩效果的影响要大于滚刀间距,研究成果可以反映复合地层滚刀破岩规律。