Theoretical prediction and validation of global horizontal solar irradiance for a tropical climate in India

This paper aims to propose monthly models responsible for the theoretical evaluation of the global horizontal irradiance of a tropical region in India which is Sivagangai situated in Tamilnadu. The actual measured global horizontal irradiance hails from a 5 MW solar power plant station located at Sivagangai in Tamilnadu. The data were monitored from May 2011 to April 2013. The theoretical assessment was conducted differently by employing a programming platform called Microsoft Visual Basic 2010 Express. A graphical user interface was created using Visual Basic 2010 Express, which provided the evaluation of empirical parameters for model formulation such as daily sunshine duration (S), maximum possible sunshine hour duration (S₀), extra terrestrial horizontal global irradiance (H₀) and extra terrestrial direct normal irradiance (G₀). The proposed regression models were validated by the significance of statistical indicators such as mean bias error, root mean square error and mean percentage error from the predicted and the actual values for the region considered. Comparison was made between the proposed monthly models and the existing normalized models for global horizontal irradiance evaluation.     

物流配送区域与配送路线的优化算法

本文基于物流配送费用,建立了配送中心选址分配和配送路线选择问题数学模型,同时给出了求解该问题优化算法,并通过实例证实算法有效性.     

高速铁路900吨级轮胎式运梁车的设计思考

对高速铁路900t级轮胎式运梁车的总体设计中,有关轮胎的选型、轮架、轴距和车长等参数的确定,提出了可参考的计算方法和数值,指出了需要注意的因素,同时对采用中梁式总体结构的运梁车的可行性和优点进行了分析,认为加装分载梁的通用模块式运梁车,可实现一机多用,有较大的发展前景。     

基于PKI安全电子邮件的设计与发送

由于直接传送消息存在的种种安全隐患,公钥基础设施(Public Key Infrastructure,PKI)的出现为网络应用提供了可靠的安全服务,从技术上解决网上身份认证、消息的保密性、完整性和不可否认性等安全服务保证信息的安全,基于此,也出现一系列的客户端和服务器端的安全产品,为信息的保密性提供安全保证。     

基于PCIE驱动程序的数据传输卡DMA传输

为提高数据传输速度,研制了一套基于PCIE接口的数据发送和接收系统。该系统主要由4部分组成:数据发送卡、数据接收卡、PCIE驱动程序以及上位机应用程序。文中介绍了数据传输卡的基本原理和构成,重点研究了在Windows XP系统下利用WinDriver开发PCIE设备驱动程序的主要步骤、DMA数据传输的实现和中断响应的处理。经测试,该数据传输系统比较稳定,开发的驱动程序可以实现数据的高速传输。     

基于FPGA的PCIe接口实现

PCI Express是一种高性能互连协议,被广泛应用于网络适配、图形加速器、网络存储、大数据传输以及嵌入式系统等领域。文中介绍了PCIe的体系结构,以及利用Altera Cyclone IV GX 系列FPGA实现PCIe接口所涉及的硬件板卡参数、应用层系统方案、DMA仲裁、PCIe硬核配置与读写时序等内容。     

求解需求可拆分车辆路径问题的聚类算法

针对需求可拆分车辆路径问题（SDVRP）,提出一种先分组后路径的聚类算法。该算法考虑车辆载重的均衡性和可行解的特征,优先安排载重大于等于车辆限载的客户;然后结合客户间的距离和载重,设定一个拆分阈值限定车辆载重范围,按照就近原则对客户进行聚类分组,当组内客户载重未达到车辆载重最小值而加入新客户后超出限载时,对新加入客户进行拆分和调整,最终完成对所有客户的分组;最后采用蚁群优化算法对各组内客户进行线路规划。实验结果表明,所提算法在求解需求可拆分车辆路径问题时,具有更高的稳定性,得到的结果更优。     

基于改进全局人工鱼群算法的VRPSPDTW研究

研究带时间窗的同时送取货车辆路径规划问题（VRPSPDTW）,并建立0-1混合整数规划模型。为进一步提高人工鱼群算法的寻优能力和收敛速度,提出一种改进的全局人工鱼群算法,并通过实验确定算法参数。算法将模型中的时间窗和车载量两个强约束纳入适应度函数进行处理,降低算法计算复杂度。以最小化发车数（NV）和路由距离（TD）为优化目标,通过王与陈提供的VRPSPDTW算例与基本人工鱼群算法（AFSA）和并行模拟退火算法（P-SA）进行比较,验证了改进全局人工鱼群算法的有效性。实验结果显示：IGAFSA获得的NV和TD目标值均优于AFSA,TD目标值优于P-SA。     

Evaluation of the University of Minnesota Tri-plate and 3M Petrifilm for the isolation of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species from clinically mastitic milk samples

The primary objective was to compare microbiological results of the University of Minnesota Tri-plate and the 3M Petrifilm Staph Express (STX) Count Plate to standard culture techniques for identification of clinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The secondary objective was to evaluate the Tri-plate's ability to differentiate Streptococcus spp. from other gram-positive organisms. The tests were evaluated using clinically positive mastitic milk samples (n = 282) to determine their ability to diagnose the pathogens of interest. A Tri-plate was classified positive for Staph. aureus when at least 1 colony exhibiting β-hemolysis was present on the Factor media portion of the plate. When the plate was used in this manner and read by a trained laboratory technician, the sensitivity of the Tri-plate was 97.9% and the specificity was 81.8%. When the Tri-plate was evaluated by the laboratory technician for its ability to diagnose Streptococcus spp., both sensitivity and specificity of the test were very good (92.6 and 89.5%, respectively). Using the Petrifilm, samples were classified as positive for Staph. aureus if any red-violet colonies were present on the Petrifilm after an initial 24-h incubation. When used in this manner, the Petrifilm had a sensitivity of 97.4% and a specificity of 76.1%. Further evaluation of the Petrifilm was done using the STX disk, which was used to confirm the presence of Staph. aureus. When using the presence of 1 pink colony on the disk, the sensitivity of the Petrifilm was 92.1% and the specificity was 93.1%. Both the Tri-plate and the 3M STX Petrifilm successfully diagnosed Staph. aureus in clinical milk samples when used in a laboratory setting and the Tri-plate successfully differentiated Streptococcus spp. from other gram-positive organisms.     

Collaboration in Integrated Project Delivery: The Effects of Trust and Formal Contracts

Abstract

In the Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) method, collaboration as a key factor can determine a project’s success directly. This study shows that collaboration is affected by two basic governance mechanisms: formal contracts and trust including goodwill trust and competence trust. We found that goodwill trust positively affects collaboration, while competence trust has an inverted U-shaped effect on collaboration. Analysis shows that formal contracts are positively related to collaboration. Moreover, goodwill trust and competence trust affect collaboration differently when they are combined with formal contracts.