铍铜电极在接触类焊机上的应用研究

接触焊用电极材料是接触类焊机的核心部件，要求具有优良的导电率，强度和高的耐高温性能（软化温度）等综合性能，本项目采用含铍多元铜合金，利用含铍铜合金具有较高的硬度，耐高温性能，强度和导电率的综合性能，研制出一种达到进口电极性能要求的长寿命新型电极材料，通过在进口及国产设备使用完全满足要求，解决了国产焊接电极长期存在的焊接质量差，寿命短的问题。     

Composition Range of Amorphous Mg-Ni-Y Alloys

Based on the thermodynamic point of view, a method for predication of the composition range of amorphous ter-nary alloys was proposed. The composition range of amorphous ternary alloys is determined by the comparison of the excess free energy of the amorphous alloy and the free energy of competing crystalline states. The free energy is extrapolated from the data of three binary alloys by using Toop‘s model. The method was applied to predict the composition range of amor-phous Mg-Ni-Y alloys. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the available experimental results. It indicates that the present method can be used to predict the composition range for amorphous ternary alloys.     

颗粒增强金属基复合材料的干摩擦性能与磨损机理

颗粒增强金属基复合材料(PMMC5)具有优良的耐磨性，在摩擦磨损领域有着广阔的应用前景。本文评述了近年来关于PMMCs干摩擦磨损行为的研究结果，从材料因素和外部条件两个角度分析了各种因素对材料耐磨性、摩擦系数和配偶件磨损的影响，总结了不同条件下复合材料的磨损机制，并提出了设计摩擦磨损性能优良的PMMCs体系的可能途径。     

Effect of RE－Al－N on Structures and Properties of M2 Cast High Speed Steel

M 2highspeedsteel (M 2steel)isamaterialwidelyusedintoolsanddies[1,2 ] .M 2steelischarac terizedbyalongsolidificationrangeandcomplexeu tecticreactions ,whichresultsinsegregationofalloy ingelementsandformationofseveraldifferenttypesofcarbidesduringsolidification[3,4 ] .Forconventionallyprocessedhigh speedsteels ,itisinevitablethatacoarsecarbidenetworkwillbeformedduringsolidifi cation .Coarseprimarycarbidestendtoresultinun evencarbidebandsdistributionafterasubstantialamountofhotprocessing[5] .Ma…     

Metal sorption by biomass of melanin‐producing fungi grown in clay‐containing medium

The sorption of toxic metals by fungal mycelia grown in clay‐containing medium is reported in this work. Biomass of melanin‐producing microfungi of the genus Cladosporium (C cladosporioides, C resinae and C herbarum) and Aureobasidium pullulans, clay minerals and fungal mycelia grown in clay‐containing medium were compared for their equilibrium Cu and Cd uptake from pH‐buffered solutions using experimental sorption isotherms. Bentonite (Cherkassy) in the natural form was shown to be the best Cu sorbent compared with the other clays and clay minerals tested. Cu sorption isotherms fitted the Langmuir sorption model for all cases. Comparison of Cu and Cd uptake for biomass and bentonite showed a lower biomass uptake capacity but a considerably higher affinity of the biosorbent for the solute. The presence of kaolinite and palygorskite in the medium generally reduced both Cu and Cd sorption capacity and the metal‐binding ability of the fungal–clay mixtures. In contrast, addition of bentonite into the medium did not appreciably alter the Cd sorption ability but increased the sorption of Cu by A pullulans and C cladosporioides grown in this medium. A common feature for all fungi grown in the presence of bentonite was an increase in the Cu sorption capacity (Q_max) of the biomineral sorbents and a reduction in their affinity (Langmuir parameter b) compared with control biomass. A difference between predicted and experimental data obtained for biomass grown on bentonite medium was also observed. The connection between the sorption capacity of biomass grown in clay‐containing medium, mycelial morphology and the structure of fungal pellets is discussed and a mechanism for the changed sorption capacity of the combined biomineral sorbents is proposed which involves blocking or modification of binding sites on biotic and abiotic components of the ‘biomineral’ association. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

Rational Synthesis of Metal Nanotubes and Nanowires from Lamellar Structures

A generic method has been developed for the synthesis of crystalline metal nanowires or nanotubes (such as bismuth nanotubes, tungsten nanowires) from lamellar structures. In a typical process, lamellar surfactant/inorganic composite precursors are first prepared by reacting cationic or anionic surfactants with inorganic species under appropriate conditions. After treating these precursors by hydrothermal pyrolysis, or other processes, crystalline metallic nanotubes or nanowires are obtained.     

浅谈水闸安全检测

通过对华东沿海地区80年代以前修建的一些在役水闸工程的系统安全检测和分析,发现了水闸工程存在的安全隐患,同时也了解水闸工程尚有的潜在能力。提醒水闸管理部门,在役水闸满足目前社会发展需要的同时,还必须高度重视水闸的安全生产运行和管理。水闸安全检测就是利用先进的检测手段,为业主及时、高效、经济和高质量地解决水闸工程存在的实际问题。     

焊接方法对双相不锈钢焊接接头力学性能的影响

研究了不同焊接方法对SAF2205双相不锈钢板焊接接头金相组织和力学性能的影响,结果表明,采用不同焊接方法得到的焊接接头的铁素体与奥氏体两相比例不同,使焊接接头的力学性能存在较大差异,对实际生产中SAF2205双相不锈钢的焊接具有一定的指导意义。     

腐殖质对重金属离子的吸附作用

采用腐殖质对重金属离子进行了吸附试验。其结果表明 ,腐殖质对重金属离子具有强烈的吸附作用。腐殖质对Cu2 + 、Zn2 + 、Cd2 + 的吸附边界pH值分别为 4 2 ,5 8,7 2 ,吸附率可达 95 %以上 ;对Pb2 + 的吸附作用更加强烈 ,在pH值为 3 5时吸附率就达到 95 %以上 ,并且随着pH值的升高吸附率仍在 95 %以上。腐殖质对 4种重金属离子的吸附能力由强到弱的顺序是Pb2 + >Cu2 + >Zn2 + >Cd2 + 。腐殖质可以用来处理含重金属离子的污水 ,具有过滤快、沉降稳定、效果好的优点 ;也可作为土壤改良剂 ,有效地降低土壤中重金属的含量