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41.
Nowadays, various imitations of natural processes are used to solve challenging optimization problems faster and more accurately. Spin glass based optimization, specifically, has shown strong local search capability and parallel processing. But, spin glasses have a low rate of convergence since they use Monte Carlo simulation techniques such as simulated annealing (SA). Here, we propose two algorithms that combine the long range effect in spin glasses with extremal optimization (EO-SA) and learning automata (LA-SA). Instead of arbitrarily flipping spins at each step, these two strategies aim to choose the next spin and selectively exploiting the optimization landscape. As shown in this paper, this selection strategy can lead to faster rate of convergence and improved performance. The resulting two algorithms are then used to solve portfolio selection problem that is a non-polynomial (NP) complete problem. Comparison of test results indicates that the two algorithms, while being very different in strategy, provide similar performance and reach comparable probability distributions for spin selection. Furthermore, experiments show there is no difference in speed of LA-SA or EO-SA for glasses with fewer spins, but EO-SA responds much better than LA-SA for large glasses. This is confirmed by tests results of five of the world's major stock markets. In the last, the convergence speed is compared to other heuristic methods such as Neural Network (NN), Tabu Search (TS), and Genetic Algorithm (GA) to approve the truthfulness of proposed methods. 相似文献
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Sanja Ramljak Matthias Schmitz Cendrine Repond Inga Zerr Luc Pellerin 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(4)
The effect of a cellular prion protein (PrPc) deficiency on neuroenergetics was primarily analyzed via surveying the expression of genes specifically involved in lactate/pyruvate metabolism, such as monocarboxylate transporters (MCT1, MCT2, MCT4). The aim of the present study was to elucidate a potential involvement of PrPc in the regulation of energy metabolism in different brain regions. By using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we observed a marked reduction in MCT1 mRNA expression in the cortex of symptomatic Zürich I Prnp−/− mice, as compared to their wild-type (WT) counterparts. MCT1 downregulation in the cortex was accompanied with significantly decreased expression of the MCT1 functional interplayer, the Na+/K+ ATPase α2 subunit. Conversely, the MCT1 mRNA level was significantly raised in the cerebellum of Prnp−/− vs. WT control group, without a substantial change in the Na+/K+ ATPase α2 subunit expression. To validate the observed mRNA findings, we confirmed the observed change in MCT1 mRNA expression level in the cortex at the protein level. MCT4, highly expressed in tissues that rely on glycolysis as an energy source, exhibited a significant reduction in the hippocampus of Prnp−/− vs. WT mice. The present study demonstrates that a lack of PrPc leads to altered MCT1 and MCT4 mRNA/protein expression in different brain regions of Prnp−/− vs. WT mice. Our findings provide evidence that PrPc might affect the monocarboxylate intercellular transport, which needs to be confirmed in further studies. 相似文献
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Ahmad Hassan Chaudhry Shafa Nayab Syed Bilal Hussain Muqarrab Ali Zhiyong Pan 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(4)
The productivity of agricultural produce is fairly dependent on the availability of nutrients and efficient use. Magnesium (Mg2+) is an essential macronutrient of living cells and is the second most prevalent free divalent cation in plants. Mg2+ plays a role in several physiological processes that support plant growth and development. However, it has been largely forgotten in fertilization management strategies to increase crop production, which leads to severe reductions in plant growth and yield. In this review, we discuss how the Mg2+ shortage induces several responses in plants at different levels: morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular. Additionally, the Mg2+ uptake and transport mechanisms in different cellular organelles and the role of Mg2+ transporters in regulating Mg2+ homeostasis are also discussed. Overall, in this review, we critically summarize the available information about the responses of Mg deficiency on plant growth and development, which would facilitate plant scientists to create Mg2+-deficiency-resilient crops through agronomic and genetic biofortification. 相似文献
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Bianca Stoean Dumitrita Rugina Monica Focsan Ana-Maria Craciun MÎdÎlina Nistor Tamas Lovasz Alexandru Turza Ioan-Dan Porumb Emese Gl Castelia Cristea Luminita Silaghi-Dumitrescu Simion Astilean Luiza Ioana Gaina 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
We report here the synthesis and structural characterization of novel cationic (phenothiazinyl)vinyl-pyridinium (PVP) dyes, together with optical (absorption/emission) properties and their potential applicability as fluorescent labels. Convective heating, ultrasound irradiation and mechanochemical synthesis were considered as alternative synthetic methodologies proficient for overcoming drawbacks such as long reaction time, nonsatisfactory yields or solvent requirements in the synthesis of novel dye (E)-1-(3-chloropropyl)-4-(2-(10-methyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)vinyl)pyridin-1-ium bromide 3d and its N-alkyl-2-methylpyridinium precursor 1c. The trans geometry of the newly synthesized (E)-4-(2-(7-bromo-10-ethyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)vinyl)-1-methylpyridin-1-ium iodide 3b and (E)-1-methyl-4-(2-(10-methyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)vinyl)pyridin-1-ium tetrafluoroborate 3a′ was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. A negative solvatochromism of the dyes in polar solvents was highlighted by UV-Vis spectroscopy and explanatory insights were supported by molecular modeling which suggested a better stabilization of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMO). The photostability of the dye 3b was investigated by irradiation at 365 nm in different solvents, while the steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence properties of dye 3b and 3a′ in solid state were evaluated under one-photon excitation at 485 nm. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the new PVP dyes on B16-F10 melanoma cells was evaluated by WST-1 assay, while their intracellular localization was assessed by epi-fluorescence conventional microscopy imaging as well as one- and two-photon excited confocal fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). PVP dyes displayed low cytotoxicity, good internalization inside melanoma cells and intense fluorescence emission inside the B16-F10 murine melanoma cells, making them suitable staining agents for imaging applications. 相似文献
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Oleksandr Gryshkov Vitalii Mutsenko Dmytro Tarusin Diaa Khayyat Ortwin Naujok Ekaterina Riabchenko Yuliia Nemirovska Arseny Danilov Alexander Y. Petrenko Birgit Glasmacher 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
Alginate as a versatile naturally occurring biomaterial has found widespread use in the biomedical field due to its unique features such as biocompatibility and biodegradability. The ability of its semipermeable hydrogels to provide a favourable microenvironment for clinically relevant cells made alginate encapsulation a leading technology for immunoisolation, 3D culture, cryopreservation as well as cell and drug delivery. The aim of this work is the evaluation of structural properties and swelling behaviour of the core-shell capsules for the encapsulation of multipotent stromal cells (MSCs), their 3D culture and cryopreservation using slow freezing. The cells were encapsulated in core-shell capsules using coaxial electrospraying, cultured for 35 days and cryopreserved. Cell viability, metabolic activity and cell–cell interactions were analysed. Cryopreservation of MSCs-laden core-shell capsules was performed according to parameters pre-selected on cell-free capsules. The results suggest that core-shell capsules produced from the low viscosity high-G alginate are superior to high-M ones in terms of stability during in vitro culture, as well as to solid beads in terms of promoting formation of viable self-assembled cellular structures and maintenance of MSCs functionality on a long-term basis. The application of 0.3 M sucrose demonstrated a beneficial effect on the integrity of capsules and viability of formed 3D cell assemblies, as compared to 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) alone. The proposed workflow from the preparation of core-shell capsules with self-assembled cellular structures to the cryopreservation appears to be a promising strategy for their off-the-shelf availability. 相似文献
47.
针对用户安全登录问题,提出了一种基于自动机的密码匹配模型.首先,对于用户任意输入的密码进行同态映射加密; 其次,构造出可接受加密密码的自动机——状态数目可变自动机(VNS - DFA),该自动机不仅能够匹配加密密码,同时还可以输出加密密码的同态原像以及匹配成功的次数; 最后,在状态数目可变的自动机上对用户输入的密码进行实验验证表明,用户建立的密码经过同态映射后可全部被该自动机接受,且该自动机的时间复杂度优于传统的DFA以及改进的DFA. 相似文献
48.
为了研究海洋平台人员疏散过程,定量评估疏散方案的合理性,基于元胞自动机模型开发适用于海洋平台人员逃生疏散的仿真系统,提出在离散模型中精确考虑多种人员速度的方法. 使用真实海洋平台疏散实验数据校核模型参数,并对比商业软件maritimeEXODUS的计算结果,验证仿真系统的可行性. 从疏散时间和出口使用效率对无烟和有烟场景下的人员疏散结果进行对比和量化分析,并提出优化方案. 结果表明:有烟环境不仅折减人员移动速度,延长疏散时间,更会影响人员的路径选择,导致疏散不平衡. 相似文献
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