同种异体骨与自体骨移植治疗青少年脊柱侧凸的比较研究

[目的]观察同种异体骨移植与自体骨移植治疗青少年脊柱侧凸的临床效果.[方法]对1996～2006年本科收治的63例青少年脊柱侧凸患者的临床资料,采用回顾性"病例-对照"研究方法进行分析,A组(同种异体骨移植组)32例,10～15岁,平均12.2岁;Cobb's角38°～113°,平均62°;B组(自体髂骨移植组)31例,年龄9～14岁,平均12.4岁;Cobb's角41°～105°,平均54°.所有患者均选择中华长城椎弓根内固定系统经后路矫正,术后定期随访并对临床效果进行评估.[结果]出院后2个月即开始随访,随访时间18～24个月,平均26个月;亦无严重并发症发生;A组的手术时间、失血量较B组患者减少,组间具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).[结论]两组患者具有相似的临床效果,在严格掌握适应证,充分术前准备、正确手术操作、及时术后处理的前提下,同种异体骨移植能够有效替代自体髂骨移植治疗青少年脊柱侧凸.     

严重脊柱侧凸矫形患者围术期的舒适护理

对28例严重脊柱侧凸患者行矫形手术，结果手术均获成功，松解术后1周行后路矫形内固定加植骨融合术，术后Cobb角平均为40．8°，侧弯矫正率平均为52．0％。术后随访6～30个月，均无并发症发生。提出在做好脊柱侧凸矫形手术常规护理的同时，加强患者心理、体位、呼吸、镇痛、排便等方面的舒适护理，可增强患者舒适感，为手术获得成功和患者顺利康复提供有力保障。     

老年偏侧舞蹈症1例

老年偏侧舞蹈症是一组较少见的锥体外系症状，病因病机尚不完全清楚，可能系对侧基底结区病变所致，现有一典型病例报道如下。     

安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)早期不同矫治方法对软组织侧貌的影响

目的在生长发育高峰期观察不同矫治方法对骨性Ⅱ^1分类错（牙合）患者软组织侧貌的影响。方法选择骨性Ⅱ^1分类错（牙合）非拔牙儿童30例，随机分为2组，E组用方丝弓配合Ⅱ类牵引治疗16个月，T组用Twin—block功能矫治，治疗及观察16个月，以X线头影测量分析方法评价疗效。结果功能矫治组的软组织侧貌有明显改善，而固定矫治组改变不明显。结论功能矫治可获得良好的侧貌改善，但长期效果有待于进一步观察。     

蜡泪样骨病1例

蜡泪样骨病（melorheostosis）为一罕见的骨质硬化性疾病，多侵犯一侧肢体，增生的骨质自上而下沿骨干一侧向下流注，酷似蜡烛表面的烛泪，故名为蜡泪样骨病或蜡油样骨病，又称肢骨纹状肥大症。据国内文献报道自2003年以来共发现该病10余例。本科于2006年收治该病人1例。报道如下。     

Surgical strategy of one stage surgery of anterior release combined with posterior correction in treatment of severe scoliosis

Objective: Severe scoliosis refers to scoliosis with serious and stiff curve. It always combins with trunk imbalance in coronal and sagittal contour. Besides complex pathological changes, cardiopulmonary deficits and other concomitant diseases increase treatmental difficulties. So the treatment of severe scoliosis is always a great challenge to spine surgeon. Methods :Thirty-six patients with severe scoliosis received one stage posterior correction followed by anterior release during July 1997 to January 2003, including 9 males and 27 females. Mean age was 17.2 years. Of them, 33 was idiopathic scoliosis and 3 was neurofibromatosis scoliosis( Cobb angle: 85-116 degree); 20 cases were abnormal in sagital plane. Three-dimensional devised instrumentation were applied such as CD, CD-Horizon, TSRH or Isola in posterior procedure followed by anterior release during the same anesthesia. 31 cases of this group received thorac icplasty. Results: The correction in the frontal plane achieved an average of 48.5%. In the sagittal plane, the pathological shape of the spine was reduced and distinctly ameliorated. 80. 6% of the patients maintained or achieved balance of sagittal plane. There were no complications of severe neurological deficit, hook displacement, rod broken, and deep infection at follow-up. One case occurred traumatic pleurisy after operation and another appeared pseudarthrosis 2 years later. One case demonstrated imbalance 11 months after operation. One patient was presented loss of correction more than 10 degree at one year follow-up and 5.2 degree in average. Conclusion:The study indicates that the one stage posterior correction combined with anterior release in treatment of severe scoliosis can achieve satisfactory correction. Appropriate choice of cases, preoperational detailed assessment and application of SEP and wake-up test during operation can possibly reduce severe complication. The long-term outcomes still need further observation.     

臭氧配合侧隐窝阻滞治疗L5S1间盘突出

腰椎间盘突出症是由于外伤或椎间盘变性,引起椎间盘的髓核或软骨板通过其周围的纤维环对脊髓或神经根造成压迫的一类疾病.腰椎间盘突出症是伤科中常见的一个病种,其非手术治疗近年来在传统的方法基础上有很大创新.近一年,我科采用经L5S1棘间患侧旁侧隐窝处进针用臭氧配合侧隐窝阻滞治疗L5S1间盘突出症21例,取得了满意的疗效,总结报告如下.     

脑血管病并发偏侧舞蹈病3例报告

偏侧舞蹈病是局限于一侧肢体的不自主的舞蹈样运动．临床上并不常见，而脑血管病引起的继发性偏侧舞蹈病则更少见，现报告3例如下。     

会阴正中切开在阴道分娩中的应用体会

分娩是正常的生理过程,大多数产妇都能从阴道自然娩出胎儿。但是,近年来各医院会阴侧切率直线上升,有的医院甚至常规作会阴侧切。一些产妇一怀孕就开始担心分娩时