卫星测高信息在近海军事斗争中的作用

卫星测高技术在大地测量学、地球物理学、海洋动力学等领域的研究中发挥了巨大作用，在军事斗争准备和战略武器发射与定位中也有重要作用；论述了卫星测高信息在近海海域海浪信息预报、近海潮汐模型改善、反演海底地形、近海海洋大地水准面计算及近海海域重力场确定等方面的应用。在这些领域中的研究成果对我军海上军事战略布防、渡海登岛作战、战略武器打击等都将提供重要的信息保障作用。     

Can phytoplankton community structure be inferred from satellite-derived sea surface temperature anomalies calculated relative to nitrate depletion temperatures?

Hydrographic data collected in the upper 50 m off La Jolla, CA, USA (31°N, 117°W) between 1970 and 1972 were reanalyzed to examine temporal variability in the local temperature-nitrate relationship and to document how chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton community structure covary with the temperature-nitrate relationship. Based on the linear expression y=mx+b, the y-intercepts (b), slopes (m), and x-intercepts (−b/m or nitrate depletion temperature, NDT) of four seasonal (January-March, April-June, July-September, and October-December) temperature-nitrate relationships, obtained from the combined multiyear data set, were statistically different from each other and varied around overall multiyear values of b=72.73 μM, m=−5.33 μM °C⁻¹, and NDT=13.65 °C. Three interannual temperature-nitrate relationships from February to April 1970, 1971, and 1972 also had y-intercepts, slopes, and x-intercepts that were statistically different from each other. Nevertheless, limited variability in direct comparisons among seasonal or interannual regression lines and a 1 °C La Jolla NDT range compared to a 25 °C global NDT range supported the general utility of NDT-based comparisons. A nitrate-normalized temperature axis (T−NDT) was created for the La Jolla data set by subtracting NDT from the recorded water column temperatures (T). Chlorophyll a reached a maximum between 0 and 2 °C on this T-NDT axis that ranged from −4 to 10 °C. Microscope-based determinations of La Jolla centric diatom, pennate diatom and dinoflagellate abundances, and La Jolla chlorophyll a, partitioned in proportion to the numerical abundance of the three groups, both peaked in logical progression along the T-NDT axis. In a separate analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) data from three Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) cruises (50°N to 52°S), chlorophyll a peaked below 0 °C and three different phytoplankton classes, nanoflagellates, large eukaryotes and prokaryotes, distributed in logical progression along a sea surface temperature (SST) minus NDT axis. To further generalize these results, a previously reported 1° latitude×1° longitude grid of NDTs for the world ocean was applied to satellite-derived grids of SST for March 1999 through June 2000. The SST−NDT calculation provided a standard nitrate-normalized axis simultaneously applicable to all locations in the world ocean. Sixteen plots of satellite-derived chlorophyll a versus SST−NDT for March 1999 through June 2000 demonstrated the opposing seasonal movements of northern and southern hemisphere chlorophyll a along the SST-NDT axis. Based on the phytoplankton community patterns along the temperature minus NDT in the La Jolla and AMT data sets, this chlorophyll a movement along the SST-NDT axis can be associated with phytoplankton community changes related to location around SST−NDT=0 °C. The SST−NDT index appears to provide a useful tool for interpreting the character of the phytoplankton community structure contributing to satellite-derived chlorophyll a in the world ocean.     

赣南钨矿山资源状况调查与思考

通过赣南钨矿山资源调查,反映钨矿山资源状况不容乐观。据地质报告中统计,赣南累计探明WO3储量149.98万t,其中上平衡表113.67万t,而保有储量仅有46.7万t;国有钨矿山保有储量26.4万t,可利用的储量10.4万t,可服务年限大都在10a以下。因此,建议尽快对赣南的国有钨矿山开展新一轮的地质找矿,寻找新的接替基地,控制钨矿产量,对尾砂综合回收和利用。     

Boundary Layers in an Ocean Related System

In this article two regularizations of an hyperbolic model system derived from the primitive equations of the ocean (or the atmosphere) are presented. The two regularized systems converge to different limits as the regularization parameter converges to 0. Numerical approximations of these equations and numerical simulations are also presented     

Fuzzy-Logic Based Navigation of Underwater Vehicles

A fuzzy logic based general purpose modular control architecture is presented for underwater vehicle autonomous navigation, control and collision avoidance. Three levels of fuzzy controllers comprising the sensor fusion module, the collision avoidance module and the motion control module are derived and implemented. No assumption is made on the specific underwater vehicle type, on the amount of a priori knowledge of the 3-D undersea environment or on static and dynamic obstacle size and velocity. The derived controllers account for vehicle position accuracy and vertical stability in the presence of ocean currents and constraints imposed by the roll motion. The main advantage of the proposed navigation control architecture is its simplicity, modularity, expandability and applicability to any type of autonomous or semi-autonomous underwater vehicles. Extensive simulation studies are performed on the NPS Phoenix vehicle whose dynamics have been modified to account for roll stability.     

大型岸边集装箱起重机海运柔性绑扎设计

以某65t／65m岸边集装箱起重机为对象，介绍使用钢绞线进行整机海运柔性绑扎的原理、誊竺苎构和孬算方法。该方法既可以充分利用高强度钢绞线的承载能力减少加固件重量，也可以利用其柔性，方便装拆。实际运用时利用有限元方法根据其整体结构特性计算得到合理的张紧的预应力。     

海域深水区混凝土底板钢吊箱围堰施工技术

以广深沿江高速公路深圳段项目为依托,详细介绍了工程特点,分析了围堰的施工方案;对钢吊箱围堰结构进行了优化设计,包括钢吊箱壁板、混凝土底板、腰梁及悬吊系统、拼装平台,并进行了结构验算。另外,深入探讨了钢吊箱围堰拼装及下放,包括钢吊箱围堰拼装,悬吊下放与导向安装,钢吊箱围堰的定位系统,以及钢吊箱封堵及封底混凝土施工。结合工程实例,对海域深水区承台围堰施工技术进行了创新,较好地完成了施工任务。     

On the feasibility of ocean brine pool power stations

The demonstrated existence of vast brine pools in a number of places in the ocean basin around the world offers an interesting opportunity to the production of power from ocean, which has not been yet considered. The attractiveness of these vast deposits of brine lie in the fact that can be readily dissolved with the surrounding top waters extracting the spontaneous osmotic mixing energy released. In addition, osmotic engines can pumped out the brackish streams by buoyancy without the add of pressure exchangers (PEXs) as is required in current pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) technology and then simplifying significatively the overall process. Utilizing a simplified physical model, a first estimation for the density of power per unit of membrane area was calculated.     

郑祖良在岭南的学术创刊活动及其影响评析

郑祖良先生作为现代岭南建筑与园林界的杰出代表，对岭南现代建筑的理论与创作贡献极大。郑祖良除了主持众多岭南城市园林的规划设计，还毕生致力于岭南学术刊物创办主编工作。本文重点介绍郑祖良先生主要参与的《新建筑》、《广东园林》和《南方建筑》的办刊历程，并就其对岭南现代建筑与园林的影响作出评析。