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11.
The morphology of the photoactive layer critically affects the performance of the bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells (PSCs). To control the morphology, we introduced a hydrophobic fluoropolymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as nonvolatile additive into the P3HT:PCBM active layer. The effect of PVDF on the surface and the bulk morphology were investigated by atomic force microscope and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Through the repulsive interactions between the hydrophilic PCBM and the hydrophobic PVDF, much more uniform phase separation with good P3HT crystallinity is formed within the active layer, resulting enhanced light harvesting and improved photovoltaic performance in conventional devices. The PCE of the conventional device can improve from 2.40% to 3.07% with PVDF additive. The PVDF distribution within the active layer was investigated by secondary ion mass spectroscopy, confirming a bottom distribution of PVDF. Therefore, inverted device structure was designed, and the PCE can improve from 2.81% to 3.45% with PVDF additive. Our findings suggest that PVDF is a promising nonvolatile processing additive for high performance polymer solar cells. 相似文献
12.
《Ceramics International》2019,45(13):16405-16410
Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (Cu(In,Ga)Se2, CIGSe) absorbers with different Ga contents were prepared by sputtering CIGSe ceramic targets and post-annealing. CIGSe solar cell devices were fabricated with other functional layers. The device performances and absorber properties were investigated. Increasing Ga content led to an increase in VOC and a decrease in JSC. Ga was supposed to diffuse towards back contact during the annealing process. The best performance was obtained as the ratio of Ga/(In + Ga) reaches 0.32 with the efficiency of 13.8% and a VOC of 537 mV. 相似文献
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A fluorene-centered perylene monoimide dimer, PMI-F-PMI with a partly non-coplanar configuration has been developed as a potential non-fullerene acceptor for organic solar cells (OSCs). The optimum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the OSC based on PMI-F-PMI as acceptor and poly (3-hexyl thiophene) (P3HT) as donor is up to 2.30% after annealing at 150 °C. The PCE of 2.30% is the highest value for the OSCs based on P3HT donor and non-fullerene acceptor lies in that PMI-F-PMI’s lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level around −3.50 eV matches well with the donor P3HT to produce higher open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.98 V. Meanwhile, PMI-F-PMI makes remarkable contribution to devices’ light absorption as the maximum EQE (30%) of the devices is at 512 nm, same to the maximum absorption wavelength of PMI-F-PMI. The other favorable characteristics of PMI-F-PMI in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) active layers is proved through the photo current density measures, the relatively balanced electron–hole transport, and the smooth morphology with root mean square (RMS) value of 1.86 nm. For these advantages, PMI-F-PMI overwhelms its sister PMI-F and parent PMI as an acceptor in BHJ solar cells. 相似文献
14.
为了给海面溢油污染识别检测提供理论基础,根据菲涅尔反射公式的偏振反射系数,结合偏振双向反射率因子和粗糙海面的概率密度分布函数,建立了完善的pBRDF模型,仿真在不同太阳入射角度、不同探测器观测角度以及不同海面风速风向等条件下海水和油膜的偏振反射分布函数。结果表明:海水和油膜太阳天顶角为53°和56°时P偏振反射率分别为1.0×10^-5和2.5×10^-5,S偏振反射率随着太阳天顶角的增加而增加;海面风速越大偏振反射率峰值越小;海面风向只改变pBRDF的空间位置;海水和油膜线偏振度空间分布有明显差异。搭建实验平台相机以40°拍摄时,得出海水和油膜的线偏振度分别在0.2~0.4, 0.5~0.7之间,同时表明利用偏振探测获取目标场景的偏振度和偏振角图可提高图像质量。 相似文献
15.
Youngseok Lee Cheolmin Park Nagarajan Balaji Youn-Jung Lee Vinh Ai Dao 《Israel journal of chemistry》2015,55(10):1050-1063
Over the past few decades, crystalline silicon solar cells have been extensively studied due to their high efficiency, high reliability, and low cost. In addition, these types of cells lead the industry and account for more than half of the market. For the foreseeable future, Si will still be a critical material for photovoltaic devices in the solar cell industry. In this paper, we discuss key issues, cell concepts, and the status of recent high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells. 相似文献
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17.
Ph. D. Candidate:Chen Xue-fengState Key Laboratory of Offshore Coastal Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian China e-mail: cxfeng @ student dlut. edu.cn 《水动力学研究与进展(B辑)》2003,15(6)
The reflection coefficient of perforated caissons and the total horizontal forces acting on them were experimentally and numerically analyzed and discussed when wave propagates normally. To consider the viscosity effect of fluid and nonlinear action of waves on structures, the VOF (Volume Of Fluid) method combined with the k-ε turbulence model was used to simulate the interaction between waves and structures. Governing equations were solved with the finite difference method. Through 2D experimental study in the wave flume, the empirical relationship between the reflection coefficient of perforated caissons and the main affecting factors were obtained from the experimental data using the least square method. Also the correlation between the ratio of the total horizontal force acting on perforated caisson and the force acting on solid caisson and the main affecting factors were regressed from the experimental data. 相似文献
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19.
井间地震反射波资料处理 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
井间地震反射波资料处理可以看成是有偏VSP反射波资料处理的一种延伸。由于一对井间地震资料相当于近千个有偏VSP,加上反射角增大和频率大幅度提高(约10倍),因此,井间地震反射波资料处理有着自身的一些特点。为此,对井问地震反射波资料处理中的一些技术和问题进行了讨论。对井间地震资料进行了分析,指出井间地震资料具有反射波场较弱、频率很高、管道波能量很强等特点;介绍了井间地震资料预处理方法,从空间属性建立、数据选排(抽道集)、道编辑、频谱分析、随机噪声压制和管波等相干噪声压制诸方面进行了讨论;对井间地震资料的波场分离和成像中需要注意的几个关键性问题进行了探讨,对于井间地震资料的高频特性给噪声压制和同相叠加处理造成的困难,通过提高叠加次数予以解决,对于大反射角对同相叠加造成的影响,则采用限角叠加技术来解决。实际资料处理表明,所采用的处理技术和措施合理有效,获得的反射波剖面品质良好。 相似文献
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