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991.
992.
A novel enzyme‐induced metallization colorimetric assay is developed to monitor and measure beta‐galactosidase (β‐gal) activity, and is further employed for colorimetric bacteriophage (phage)‐enabled detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli). This assay relies on enzymatic reaction‐induced silver deposition on the surface of gold nanorods (AuNRs). In the presence of β‐gal, the substrate p‐aminophenyl β‐d ‐galactopyranoside is hydrolyzed to produce p‐aminophenol (PAP). Reduction of silver ions by PAP generates a silver shell on the surface of AuNRs, resulting in the blue shift of the longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance peak and multicolor changes of the detection solution from light green to orange‐red. Under optimized conditions, the detection limit for β‐gal is 128 pM, which is lower than the conventional colorimetric assay. Additionally, the assay has a broader dynamic range for β‐gal detection. The specificity of this assay for the detection of β‐gal is demonstrated against several protein competitors. Additionally, this technique is successfully applied to detect E. coli bacteria cells in combination with bacteriophage infection. Due to the simplicity and short incubation time of this enzyme‐induced metallization colorimetric method, the assay is well suited for the detection of bacteria in low‐resource settings.  相似文献   
993.
994.
995.
We report on the synthesis of platinum (Pt) nanorods by using ultrafine polyamide-6 nanofibers templates produced via electrospinning technique. These ultrafine polyamide-6 nanofibers can be utilized as the templates for growing Pt nanorods after modifying them optimally by plasma passivations. The morphological, structural, optical and electrical properties of the template assisted Pt nanorods were studied by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL) and current–voltage (IV) characteristics. The ability to fabricate the ultrafine size controlled Pt nanorods on polyamide-6 templates with optimized growth parameters in real time can be utilized for the variety of technological applications. Therefore, it is possible to obtain high quality with size control Pt nanorods. Once obtaining the high quality metal nanorods on polymer templates, the same can be adapted for the electronic device fabrication.  相似文献   
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998.
A novel nanopatterning method using pulsed laser deposition through an ultrathin anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) membrane mask is proposed to synthesize well‐ordered nanodot arrays of magnetic CoFe2O4 that feature a wide range of applications like sensors, drug delivery, and data storage. This technique allows the adjustment of the array dimension from ~35 to ~300 nm in diameter and ~65 to ~500 nm in inter‐dot distance. The dot density can be as high as 0.21 Terabit in.?2. The microstructure of the nanodots is characterized by SEM, TEM, and XRD and their magnetic properties are confirmed by well‐defined magnetic force microscopy contrasts and by hysteresis loops recorded by a superconducting quantum interference device. Moreover, the high stability of the AAO mask enables the epitaxial growth of nanodots at a temperature as high as 550 °C. The epitaxial dots demonstrate unique complex magnetic domains such as bubble and stripe domains, which are switchable by external magnetic fields. This patterning method creates opportunities for studying novel physics in oxide nanomagnets and may find applications in spintronic devices.  相似文献   
999.
1000.
ZnO crystals were grown in the presence of ZnO nanorod seeds under hydrothermal conditions while the same location on the ZnO nanorod was repeatedly observed by transmission electron microscopy. The surface of the ZnO seed crystal was covered with an amorphous layer during the early stages of crystallization (0.5-1.5 h). This amorphous layer was subsequently transformed into nanocrystals after 3.0 h. Finally, after 5.0 h, ZnO seeds suddenly grew preferentially in the [001] direction. These results suggest that the formation process of an amorphous ZnO layer on the surface of the seed crystals and its subsequent crystallization plays an important role in the induction of further crystal growth of ZnO nanorods.  相似文献   
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