Design and Operation of Point-of-Use Treatment System for Arsenic Removal

A point-of-use (POU) system was designed and constructed using commercially available activated alumina to remove arsenic from drinking water. Testing with City of Albuquerque chlorinated tap water containing an average of 23 ug/L arsenic found that 1 L of adsorbent would provide water for direct consumption by a family of four for 435 days. It was estimated that the POU system constructed for this study could be sold for $162, and the arsenic adsorption columns were estimated to cost $4. A monthly cost to the customer of $10/month was estimated to purchase, install, and operate this POU system, assuming annual replacement of adsorption media cartridges. The implications of relying upon POU systems to comply with a new drinking water standard for arsenic are discussed.     

A-B法的改进试验

结合A—B法与生物接触氧化法的优点,试验证明该工艺合理可行。A段吸附池在兼性条件下,当HRT=0.5h时,COD_(er)去除率为50％左右;在好氧条件下当HBT=1.5h时,B段COD_(er)的去除率为60％左右。系统COD_(er)总去除率在80％左右。     

大庆油田注聚合物井压裂解堵工艺技术

通过分析大庆油田聚合物注入井存在的问题及压裂工艺的不适应性,研究出了适合于聚合物注入井特点的新型综合压裂解堵技术,通过现场应用,提高了措施效果,延长了有效期,减缓注聚井的层间矛盾,取得了较好的效果,并取得了一定的经济效益,对注聚合物井的解堵有一定的指导作用。     

防砂与排砂采油的经济效益评价方法

对于地层胶结疏松、易出砂的稠油油藏，有防砂、排砂两种出砂管理方式。实践中采用的出砂管理模式取决于对两种模式的经济效益评价结果，文中提出了一套独立的防砂与排砂采油经济效益评价模型。影响防砂与排砂采油经济效益对比的敏感性因素主要有日初产量之差，作业成本之差、油价变化和油藏开采的递减率。根据影响因素的不同变化，在给定的生产时间内可能出现排砂冷采经济效益好与防砂冷采经济效益好或二者经济效益相同等三种情况。     

Study of electrical discharge grinding using metal matrix composite electrodes

An investigation was made into the combined technologies of electrical discharge machining and grinding (EDMG). A metal matrix (Cu/SiC_p) electrode with a rotating device was made and employed to study the EDMG technology. It was found that 3–7 times the normal electrical discharge machining (EDM) material removal rate (MRR) could be achieved in EDMG under suitable conditions of electrode rotating speed, SiC_p particle size and current. This novel achievement is attributed to the fact that, under appropriate conditions, the hump-shaped melted material created by the EDM mechanism is vulnerable to attack by the grinding mechanism during the EDMG operation, greatly increasing the removal rate. Conversely, under inappropriate conditions, in which hump-shaped material solidifies prior to the non-conductive ceramic particle grinding, the above function becomes negligible and results in much lower MRR.     

高喷防渗墙在龙山水库除险加固工程中的应用

文中介绍了高喷防渗墙在龙山水库除险加固中的应用，通过方案比较分析了设计的合理性和可行性。     

锡铅铜铁多元合金分解新工艺

本文提出锡铅铜铁多元合金分解新工艺流程。通过与旧工艺比较，论证它的先进性，对新工艺的关键技术条件进行试验研究。     

爆炸挤淤法筑堤中的土工问题

概述爆炸法处理淤泥软基修筑防波堤的基本原理，并与其它软基处理方法进行比较。简述该方法在应用中的两种方式及其实施步骤。对该技术在工程应用中存在的土工问题进行分析与探讨，为其进一步合理应用提供理论依据和计算方法     

影响CeY分子筛吸附脱硫性能因素的研究

通过液相离子交换法对NaY分子筛进行改性制得CeY分子筛，采用静态法考察了改性CeY分子筛中铈离子的负载量、焙烧温度、铈的价态、吸附水和分子筛骨架的结构对CeY分子筛吸附脱硫性能的影响。采用XRD和ICP分别对不同CeY分子筛的骨架结构及阳离子负载量进行了分析。结果表明，二次交换后,离子交换度达到88.9%，分子筛已达到交换平衡；最佳焙烧温度为500 ℃，温度过高会破坏分子筛的骨架结构；Ce(Ⅳ)Y的脱硫性能明显好于Ce(Ⅲ)Y；分子筛上的吸附水对硫化物的吸附能力也有较大的影响。     

Simulating effects of hydro‐dam alteration on thermal regime and wild steelhead recruitment in a stable‐flow Lake Michigan tributary

Hydroelectric dams may affect anadromous fish survival and recruitment by limiting access to upstream habitats and adversely affecting quality of downstream habitats. In the Manistee River, a tributary to Lake Michigan, two hydroelectric dams potentially limit recruitment of anadromous rainbow trout (steelhead) by increasing tailrace water temperatures to levels that significantly reduce survival of young‐of‐year (YOY) fish. The objectives of this study were to determine whether proposed restoration scenarios (dam removals or a bottom withdrawal retrofit) would alter the Manistee River thermal regime and, consequently, improve wild steelhead survival and recruitment. Physical process models were used to predict Manistee River thermal regimes following each dam alteration scenario. Empirical relationships were derived from historical field surveys to quantify the effect of temperature on YOY production and potential recruitment of Manistee River steelhead. Both dam alteration scenarios lowered summer temperatures and increased steelhead recruitment by between 59% and 129%, but total recruitments were still low compared to other Great Lakes tributaries. Considering only temperature effects, bottom withdrawal provides the greatest promise for increasing natural steelhead recruitment by decreasing the likelihood of year‐class failures in the warmest summers. Results of this study may allow managers to evaluate mitigation alternatives for Manistee River dams during future relicensing negotiations, and illustrate the utility of physical process temperature models in groundwater‐fed rivers. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.